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Ali S, Ran J, Luan Y, Khorrami B, Xiao Y, Tangdamrongsub N. The GWR model-based regional downscaling of GRACE/GRACE-FO derived groundwater storage to investigate local-scale variations in the North China Plain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168239. [PMID: 37931810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater storage and depletion fluctuations in response to groundwater availability for irrigation require understanding on a local scale to ensure a reliable groundwater supply. However, the coarser spatial resolution and intermittent data gaps to estimate the regional groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA) prevent the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GARCE-FO) mission from being applied at the local scale. To enhance the resolution of GWSA measurements using machine learning approaches, numerous recent efforts have been made. With a focus on the development of a new algorithm, this study enhanced the GWSA resolution estimates to 0.05° by extensively investigating the continuous spatiotemporal variations of GWSA based on the regional downscaling approach using a regression algorithm known as the geographically weighted regression model (GWR). First, the modified seasonal decomposition LOESS method (STL) was used to estimate the continuous terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA). Secondly, to separate GWSA from TWSA, a water balance equation was used. Third, the continuous GWSA was downscaled to 0.05° based on the GWR model. Finally, spatio-temporal properties of downscaled GWSA were investigated in the North China Plain (NCP), China's fastest-urbanizing area, from 2003 to 2022. The results of the downscaled GWSA were spatially compatible with GRACE-derived GWSA. The downscaled GWSA results are validated (R = 0.83) using in-situ groundwater level data. The total loss of GWSA in cities of the NCP fluctuated between 2003 and 2022, with the largest loss seen in Handan (-15.21 ± 7.25 mm/yr), Xingtai (-14.98 ± 7.25 mm/yr), and Shijiazhuang (-14.58 ± 7.25 mm/yr). The irrigated winter-wheat farming strategy is linked to greater groundwater depletion in several cities of NCP (e.g., Xingtai, Handan, Anyang, Hebi, Puyang, and Xinxiang). The study's high-resolution findings can help with understanding local groundwater depletion that takes agricultural water utilization and provide quantitative data for water management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ali
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China.
| | - Jiangjun Ran
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China.
| | - Yi Luan
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518005, China.
| | - Behnam Khorrami
- Department of GIS, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye.
| | - Yun Xiao
- Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an, China
| | - Natthachet Tangdamrongsub
- Water Engineering and Management, School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
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Guo Y, Xing N, Gan F, Yan B, Bai J. Evaluating the Hydrological Components Contributions to Terrestrial Water Storage Changes in Inner Mongolia with Multiple Datasets. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6452. [PMID: 37514746 PMCID: PMC10384450 DOI: 10.3390/s23146452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, multiple remote sensing data were used to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of surface water, soil moisture and groundwater to terrestrial water storage (TWS) changes in five groundwater resources zones of Inner Mongolia (GW_I, GW_II, GW_III, GW_IV and GW_V), China. The results showed that TWS increased at the rate of 2.14 mm/a for GW_I, while it decreased at the rate of 4.62 mm/a, 5.89 mm/a, 2.79 mm/a and 2.62 mm/a for GW_II, GW_III, GW_IV and GW_V during 2003-2021. Inner Mongolia experienced a widespread soil moisture increase with the rate of 4.17 mm/a, 2.13 mm/a, 1.20 mm/a, 0.25 mm/a and 1.36 mm/a for the five regions, respectively. Significant decreases were detected for regional groundwater storage (GWS) with the rate of 2.21 mm/a, 6.76 mm/a, 6.87 mm/a, 3.01 mm/a, and 4.14 mm/a, respectively. Soil moisture was the major contributor to TWS changes in GW_I, which accounted 58% of the total TWS changes. Groundwater was the greatest contributor to TWS changes in other four regions, especially GWS changes, which accounted for 76% TWS changes in GW_IV. In addition, this study found that the role of surface water was notable for calculating regional GWS changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naichen Xing
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuping Gan
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baikun Yan
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Juan Bai
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
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Xiong J, Yin J, Guo S, Yin W, Rao W, Chao N. Using GRACE to Detect Groundwater Variation in North China Plain after South-North Water Diversion. GROUND WATER 2023; 61:402-420. [PMID: 36098234 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) and its Follow-On mission provide a versatile tool for monitoring groundwater depletion in North China Plain (NCP). However, intermittent data gaps and inherent coarse spatial resolution have restricted the continuous detection of regional groundwater storage anomaly (GWSA) after 2014, the period of interest during the implementation of the south-to-north water diversion middle route project (SNWDP). Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes of GWSA in the NCP during 2004 to 2020 based on continuous downscaled GRACE data. First, we derived the continuous terrestrial water storage anomaly from six GRACE and Follow-On solutions (i.e., spherical harmonics (SH) and mass concentration [mascon] solutions). Second, we employed a long short-term memory (LSTM) model and water balance equation to downscale GWSA (i.e., 0.25° × 0.25°). Lastly, we investigated its spatiotemporal characteristics before (2004 to 2014) and after (2015 to 2020) the SNWDP operation. We show the applicability of the continuous downscaled GWSA to capture the characteristics of in situ measurements. The GWSA detects groundwater depletion at a significant (p < 0.05) rate of -17.09 ± 1.80 (SH) and -17.87 ± 1.65 (mascon) mm/a during 2004 to 2014, but a recovering trend of 7.18 ± 3.98 (SH) and 8.23 ± 4.99 (mascon) during 2015 to 2018. The subsequent groundwater extraction and precipitation reduction from 2019 to 2020, resulted in the decreasing trend of GWSA from 2015 to 2020, which is -19.11 ± 8.75 (SH) and -19.72 ± 9.08 mm/a (mascon), respectively. Spatially, the overall depletion trends become nonsignificant along the canals of SNWDP compared to the period 2004 to 2014, and groundwater recovering with trends <6 mm/a near Beijing and Tianjin are detected by the mascon solution during 2015 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 299 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jiabo Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 299 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | | | - Wenjie Yin
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory Space Technology, China Academy Space Technology, 104 Youyi Road, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Weilong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nengfang Chao
- College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lu Mo Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Guo Y, Gan F, Yan B, Bai J, Xing N, Zhuo Y. Evaluation of Terrestrial Water Storage Changes and Major Driving Factors Analysis in Inner Mongolia, China. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9665. [PMID: 36560032 PMCID: PMC9787910 DOI: 10.3390/s22249665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative assessment of the terrestrial water storage (TWS) changes and the major driving factors have been hindered by the lack of direct observations in Inner Mongolia, China. In this study, the spatial and temporal changes of TWS and groundwater storage (GWS) in Inner Mongolia during 2003-2021 were evaluated using the satellite gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and the GRACE Follow On combined with data from land surface models. The results indicated that Inner Mongolia has experienced a widespread TWS loss of approximately 1.82 mm/yr from 2003-2021, with a more severe depletion rate of 4.15 mm/yr for GWS. Meteorological factors were the driving factors for water storage changes in northeastern and western regions. The abundant precipitation increased TWS in northeast regions at 2.36 mm/yr. Anthropogenic activities (agricultural irrigation and coal mining) were the driving factors for water resource decline in the middle and eastern regions (especially in the agropastoral transitional zone), where the decrease rates were 4.09 mm/yr and 3.69 mm/yr, respectively. In addition, the severities of hydrological drought events were identified based on water storage deficits, with average severity values of 17 mm, 18 mm, 24 mm, and 33 mm for the west, middle, east, and northeast regions, respectively. This study established a basic framework for water resource changes in Inner Mongolia and provided a scientific foundation for further water resources investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuping Gan
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baikun Yan
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Juan Bai
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Aerial Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naichen Xing
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhuo
- China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
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