Novel Application of Tagua Shell (Phytelephas aequatorialis) as Adsorbent Material for the Removal of Pb(II) Ions: Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamics of the Process

Synthesis and characterization of hydrogel-based magnetite nanocomposite adsorbents for the potential removal of Acid Orange 10 dye and Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution

Magnetic responsive hydrogels (CMX-cl-P4VP/M-NPs) were successfully synthesized through in situ co-precipitation procedure and investigated using various techniques. The surface morphology analysis revealed that the M-NPs were uniformly distributed within the hydrogel matrix and had average sizes ranging from 4.98 to 15.02 nm. The graft copolymer containing nanoparticles exhibited a sensitive magnetic response, and their recovery could be facilitated by applying a magnetic field. The purpose of this research is to study the ability of the prepared magnetic hydrogel to remove AO-10 dye and hexavalent chromium ions (Cr(VI)) from the aqueous solution under various factors, namely contact time, pH, amount of adsorbent, coexisting ions and AO-10 and Cr(VI) concentrations. The outcomes of the batch adsorption demonstrated that the adsorbent hydrogel incorporated with a low percentage (10 %) of M-NPs had a strong affinity for the removal of AO-10 dye and Cr(VI) ions at an optimum pH = 3, and the removal percentage reached 99.3 and 97.4 % for 500 mg L^-1 and 300 mg L^-1 of AO-10 dye and Cr(VI) ions within 90, 50 min, respectively. The data were well-fitted by pseudo-first-order kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacities of AO-10 dye and Cr(VI) ions onto adsorbent were 2448 and 574.7 mg g^-1 at 298 K, calculated from the Langmuir model.