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Córdoba P. Assessment of Metal Impurity Partitioning and Speciation in Mineral Carbonation Processes Using FGD-Gypsum from Coal-Fired Power Plants under Distinct Operating Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:35906-35919. [PMID: 39184513 PMCID: PMC11339816 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) stands as a profoundly pivotal environmental challenge, given its potential to directly contribute to the advancement of environmental, societal, and economic objectives across a multitude of nations. In the present study, we have conducted an evaluation of the metal impurity partitioning and speciation in mineral carbonation processes conducted in laboratory using flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsums originating from both Spanish and two Chinese coal-fired power plants, each subject to distinct fuel sources and FGD operational conditions. Of the three resultant carbonation products, two exhibited CaCO3 content in the range of 81-83%, while the third registered 76.9% CaCO3 content-a variance attributed to the occurrence of metallic impurities within the initial FGD-gypsum. The partitioning and speciation of metal impurities at all stages of CO2 conversion have enabled us to proffer four potential reaction mechanisms governing carbonation efficiency: (i) conversion of metal sulfates to metal carbonate complexes, (ii) transformation of transferable elements into metal oxides and oxyhydroxide complexes, (iii) transformation of metal sulfates into diverse metal complexes, and (iv) diverse pathways of elemental transformation. Metal impurities present in FGD-gypsum lead to the formation of complexes between As and metals, thereby affecting their activity. Higher Ca/Mn, Ca/Fe, and Ca/Al ratios in one FGD-gypsum slurry enhance Ca3(AsO4)2·8H2O activity, while in another, excess Ca facilitates Mn3(AsO4)2·8H2O formation during carbonation, with coprecipitation retaining As in carbonation products. The occurrence of metallic contaminants in FGD-gypsums may exert a substantial influence on the effectiveness of CO2 conversion, thereby impacting the feasibility of using resultant carbonation products, with potential implications for environmental leaching and diminished reusability prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Córdoba
- Institute of Environmental
Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), Spanish National Research
Council, C/Jordi Girona
18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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Ma Y, Zhang X, Du Z, Hou H, Zheng Y. Research on Utilizable Calcium from Calcium Carbide Slag with Different Extractors and Its Effect on CO 2 Mineralization. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1068. [PMID: 38473540 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing accumulation of alkaline industrial solid waste, the mineralization of CO2 using alkaline industrial solid waste has broad application prospects. Carbide slag is highly alkaline and contains a large amount of calcium elements, making it an excellent material for CO2 mineralization. Our idea was to acquire qualified products and fast kinetics by integrating carbide slag utilization and carbon reduction. The reaction route was divided into two steps: calcium extraction and carbonization. In order to achieve efficient extraction of utilizable calcium, we selected NH4Ac as the extraction agent, which has the advantage of buffer protection and environmental friendliness due to being an acetate radical. The extraction efficiency of utilizable calcium exceeded 90% under the conditions of L/S 20:1 and NH4+/Ca2+ 2:1. In the carbonization process, the crystal forms of CaCO3 synthesized by direct carbonation, acid extraction, and ammonium salt were characterized. The formation mechanism of vaterite in ammonium solution and the influence of impurities (Al3+, Mg2+) on the crystal transformation were revealed. This study provides technical support for using alkaline industrial waste to prepare high-purity vaterite. Therefore, alkaline industrial waste can be efficiently and sustainably utilized through CO2 mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Ma
- China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhengyu Du
- China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haobo Hou
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Institute of Resources and Environmental Technology, Wuhan University (Zhaoqing), Zhaoqing 526200, China
| | - Yiguang Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Li X, Lv X, Xiang L. Review of the State of Impurity Occurrences and Impurity Removal Technology in Phosphogypsum. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5630. [PMID: 37629922 PMCID: PMC10456710 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A variety of co-existing impurities in phosphogypsum limit its large-scale and high-value utilization. This paper summarizes the common contents of major impurity components (silicon and phosphorus) and trace impurity components (fluorine, iron, aluminum, and carbon) in phosphogypsum and discusses the harm of impurity components to the comprehensive utilization of harmless phosphogypsum chemical resources. The occurrence status of impurity components in phosphogypsum and the research progress of various impurity removal technologies are summarized, and the effects of these impurity removal technologies on different contents of impurity components are evaluated. On this basis, the goal of improving the whiteness of phosphogypsum samples and the development of technology for further removal of impurities in phosphogypsum to improve the purity of the main content of calcium sulfate are speculated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lan Xiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.L.); (X.L.)
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Huang J, Fan Y, Liu T, Zhang Y, Hu P. Carbon capture technology exploitation for vanadium tailings and assessment of CO 2 sequestration potential. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117338. [PMID: 36696760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the global warming trend is still increasing due to CO2 emissions from various sources, such as electricity, heat production, industry, and transportation. In the vanadium industry, the vanadium bearing shale is of low grade, and the extraction of the required elemental vanadium produces large quantities of vanadium tailings (VTs). Both the roasting pretreatment of vanadium shale during vanadium extraction and the high-temperature calcination process for the preparation of vanadium products generate large amounts of CO2 gas. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an effective and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of vanadium tailings and CO2 generated by the vanadium industry. In this study, a potential method for the indirect carbonation of low calcium VTs under atmospheric pressure conditions was investigated. The carbonation reaction was investigated for different ammonia addition factors and different introduced CO2 concentrations and temperatures. The carbonation experiments showed that under the conditions of coefficient of ammonia addition of 1.4, reaction time of 60 min and reaction temperature of 60 °C, the utilization rate of calcium in VTs reached 97.9% and the CO2 uptake of VTs at 0.073 g-CO2/g, indicating that the carbonation of vanadium with low-calcium VTs was effective. The carbonation product was analyzed and measured using TG, XRD, and SEM-EDS, and it was discovered to be CaCO3, confirming the feasibility of carbonation reaction with vanadium tailings. Furthermore, the characterization of the carbonation product confirmed the mechanism and safety of the carbonation reaction, laying the groundwork for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Huang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yong Fan
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yimin Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei Province, China
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Influence of Impurities on the Process of Obtaining Calcium Carbonate during the Processing of Phosphogypsum. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124335. [PMID: 35744394 PMCID: PMC9227875 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the influence of residual sulfuric and phosphoric acids on the process of processing large-tonnage phosphogypsum (PG) waste into calcium carbonate. In the Russian Federation, about 10 percent of existing phosphogypsum waste is processed into construction materials. Acidic impurities (phosphoric and sulfuric acids) in their composition are an obstacle to the use of phosphogypsum for the production of binders. This study finds that impurities also reduce the chemical activity of phosphogypsum. At the same time, the paper focuses on the potential of phosphogypsum for the production of calcium carbonate. This article investigated the amount of impurities in phosphogypsum. The results show that during automatic washing of phosphogypsum, losses are approximately 30–35 wt. %. It was also found that phosphogypsum by 22% consists of impurities of phosphoric and sulfuric acid. These acids are characteristic waste products of extraction phosphoric acid (EPA) production. By ASTM C471M-20ae1, the content of calcium sulfate dehydrate and hemihydrate before and after washing was determined. A thermodynamic calculation of the proposed interaction of phosphogypsum with carbonates showed that the characteristic reaction is possible. The conversion process of phosphogypsum to get the corresponding calcium carbonate was carried out at 70 °C. Data on the chemical composition of the reaction products, obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis on a Shimadzu EDX-7000 spectrometer, showed that some reactions proceed incompletely and need the selection of optimal conditions. The potential commercial benefits of processing phosphogypsum by carbonization were defined for products such as calcium carbonate or its derivatives.
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