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Alsafadi K, Bi S, Abdo HG, Al Sayah MJ, Ratonyi T, Harsanyi E, Mohammed S. Spatial-temporal dynamic impact of changes in rainfall erosivity and vegetation coverage on soil erosion in the Eastern Mediterranean. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40511-40529. [PMID: 36427125 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Syria, soil erosion (SoEr) by water is one of the major challenges for sustainability. Thus, the main goals of this research were to evaluate the spatial changes of SoEr between 2000 and 2018 in the whole coastal basin (CB) of Syria and to provide a soil water erosion risk map for the study area. For this purpose, monthly rainfall data, the SoilGrids dataset, satellite image derived NDVI layers, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were collected. Through the integration of these layers into the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), under a Geographic Information System (GIS), soil loss was assessed. Also, the contribution of land cover changes and R factor on SoEr were evaluated. The outcomes of this assessment illustrated that the R factor ranged from 800 to 2600 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 yr-1, while the soil erodibility factor (K factor) ranged from 0.048 to 0.035 ton ha MJ-1 mm-1. The C factor (vegetation coverage) values ranged between 0.07 and 1 with a spatial average value of 0.44 for the 2000-2009 period and 0.39 for the 2010-2018 interval. The output of RUSLE revealed that average annual SoEr was of 21.35 ton ha-1 y-1 (± 38) for 2000-2009 and 22.47 ton ha-1 y-1(± 41.8) for 2010-2018. Interestingly, the increased SoEr caused by the R factor was dominant (34.65%), followed by changes in both C factor and R factor (13.34%). However, decrease of SoEr rates is due to the increase of the C factor accounting for 36.82% of the CB. The outcome of this research can provide constructive spatial insights for rehabilitation plans for the post-war phase of Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Alsafadi
- School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Shuoben Bi
- School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Hazem Ghassan Abdo
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Tartous, Tartous, Syria
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mario J Al Sayah
- Resallience By SIXENSE Engineering (Vinci Group SA), 92000, Nanterre, France
| | - Tamás Ratonyi
- Institute of Land Use, Technical and Precision Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Endre Harsanyi
- Institute of Land Use, Technical and Precision Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Safwan Mohammed
- Institute of Land Use, Technical and Precision Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Nath NK, Gautam VK, Pande CB, Mishra LR, Raju JT, Moharir KN, Rane NL. Development of landslide susceptibility maps of Tripura, India using GIS and analytical hierarchy process (AHP). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7481-7497. [PMID: 38159190 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Landslides are one of the most extensive and destructive geological hazards on the globe. Tripura, a northeastern hilly state of India experiences landslides almost every year during monsoon season causing casualties and huge economic losses. Hence, it is required to assess the landslide susceptibility of the area that would support short- and long-term planning and mitigation. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) integrated with geospatial technology has been adopted for landslide susceptibility mapping in the state. Eight influencing factors such as slope, lithology, drainage density, rainfall, land use land cover, distance from rivers and roads, and soil type were selected to map the landslide susceptibility. Landslide susceptibility index (LSI) was found to vary from 6.205 during monsoon to 1.427 during post-monsoon season. The LSI values were classified into very high, high, moderate, low, and very low susceptibility. Landslide susceptibility maps for three different seasons, namely, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon, were prepared. The study showed that most of the areas of the state come under very low to moderate landslide susceptibility zones. Around 73.2% area of the state is found to be under low landslide-susceptible zones during the pre-monsoon season, around 62% area is prone to landslides with moderate susceptibility during the monsoon season, and 68.5% area comes under landslides with low susceptibility zones during the post-monsoon season. The results of this study may be referred to the engineers and planners for the assessment, control, and mitigation of landslides and the development of basic infrastructure in the state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Kumar Nath
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, CTAE, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Gautam
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, CTAE, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Chaitanya B Pande
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, M.H, India.
- New Era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq.
| | - Leena Rani Mishra
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, CTAE, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Jaripiti T Raju
- Department of Soil & Water Engineering, CTAE, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Kanak N Moharir
- Department of Earth Science, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin Liladhar Rane
- Vivekanand Education Society's College of Architecture, Chembur, Mumbai, India
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Ali H, Muhammad Z, Majeed M, Aziz R, Khan A, Mangrio WM, Abdo HG, Almohamad H, Al Dughairi AA. Vegetation diversity pattern during spring season in relation to topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023; 64:25. [PMID: 37716923 PMCID: PMC10505133 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00398-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was conducted to explore the diversity pattern of spring vegetation under the influence of topographic and edaphic variables in sub-tropical zone, District Malakand. In the present vegetation study, 252 species of 80 families were recorded in the study area. It included 39 species of trees, 43 species of shrubs, 167 species of herbs and 3 climber species. As a whole, 12 communities were established on the basis of topographic and edaphic characteristics in 12 different stations. RESULTS The results of the present study revealed that all diversity indices (species diversity, evenness index, species richness index, maturity index) during spring showed that the communities in plains lying at lower altitudes had higher diversity while the communities formed at high altitudes had lower diversity. The results of the similarity index showed that there was low similarity (below 50%) amongst the communities in different stations. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that variations in topographic and edaphic factors affect species diversity and communities pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazrat Ali
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Muhammad
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majeed
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Robina Aziz
- Department of Botany, Government College, Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Adam Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Wali Muhammad Mangrio
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, 66111, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Hazem Ghassan Abdo
- Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Tartous University, Tartous, Syria.
| | - Hussein Almohamad
- Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi
- Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Abdo HG, Aljohani THD, Almohamad H, Al-Dughairi AA, Al-Mutiry M. Sanitary municipal landfill site selection by integration of GIS and multi-criteria techniques for environmental sustainability in Safita area, Tartous governorate, Syria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:30834-30854. [PMID: 36441303 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Urban waste disposal is a problem that poses a major challenge to city planners as a result of rapid population growth and urbanization. Finding suitable sites for solid waste is one of the most important solutions developed globally to manage this problem. In this regard, a set of physical, socio-economic and technological criteria must be considered to tackle the problem. Safita area (Tartous governorate) witnessed a rapid population growth during the decade of the war in Syria due to the onrush of internal refugees, which resulted in several environmental problems, including random waste dumps. After perusing the previous literature and considering expert opinions, a map of the spatial suitability of sustainable waste sites in the Safita area was developed by integrating the multi-criteria decision- making methodology (analytic hierarchy process) with the geographic information system. Thirteen criteria, including elevation, slope, permeability, distance to faults, distance to settlement, land use/land cover, distance to drainage, distance to water supplies, distance to lakes, distance to road, distance from tourist centers, distance from archaeological centers, and distance from religious centers, were used to achieve the goal of this study. The layer maps for these criteria were developed based on various data sources, including conventional and remote sensing data. Potential landfill sites were identified and divided into five categories: unsuitable (83.28%), less suitable (8.49%), moderately suitable (4.49%), highly suitable (2.57%), and very highly suitable (0.72%). The results of this study provide reliable spatial outputs that will help in suggesting new landfill sites that maintain environmental and socio-economic sustainability in the post-war phase. Moreover, the application of the methodology of this study can be generalized to the rest of the regions in Syria within the framework of the integrated management of the problem of random landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Ghassan Abdo
- Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Tartous University, Tartous, Syria.
- Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
- Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
| | | | - Hussein Almohamad
- Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al-Dughairi
- Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Motrih Al-Mutiry
- Department of Geography, College of Arts, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
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