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De Saint Jores C, Brandel C, Vaccaro M, Gharbi N, Schmitz-Afonso I, Cardinael P, Tamura R, Coquerel G. Reinvestigating the Preferential Enrichment of DL-Arginine Fumarate: New Thoughts on the Mechanism of This Far from Equilibrium Crystallization Phenomenon. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248652. [PMID: 36557785 PMCID: PMC9781920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preferential enrichment (PE) is a crystallization process, starting from either a racemic of slightly enantio-enriched solution (ca. +5%) that results in a high enantiomeric excess in the liquid phase (>+90%ee) and a slight opposite excess in the deposited crystals (−2 to −5%ee). The mechanism(s) of this symmetry-breaking phenomenon is (are) still a matter of debate since it eludes rationalization by phase diagram formalism. In this publication, we thoroughly reinvestigate the PE phenomenon of arginine fumarate by using a new approach: the process is monitored by introducing isotopically labeled arginine enantiomers into the crystallization medium to better understand the mass exchanges during crystallization. These experiments are supported by chiral HPLC-MS/MS. This study permits re-evaluating the criteria that were thought mandatory to perform PE. In particular, we show that PE occurs by a continuous exchange between the solution and the crystals and does not require the occurrence of a solvent-mediated solid−solid phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément De Saint Jores
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, University of Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, CEDEX 2, 45067 Orléans, France
- Rouen Normandie, FR3038, SMS, UR 3233, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Clément Brandel
- University Rouen Normandie, SMS, UR 3233, 76000 Rouen, France
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (G.C.); Tel.: +33-235522902 (C.B.)
| | - Marie Vaccaro
- Rouen Normandie, FR3038, SMS, UR 3233, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Najla Gharbi
- Rouen Normandie, FR3038, SMS, UR 3233, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Isabelle Schmitz-Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014 et FR 3038 Univ Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS IRCOF, 1 Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | | | - Rui Tamura
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- University Rouen Normandie, SMS, UR 3233, 76000 Rouen, France
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (G.C.); Tel.: +33-235522902 (C.B.)
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Cao J, Lou B, Xu Y, Qin X, Yuan H, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Rohani S, Lu J. Direct Crystallization Resolution of Racemates Enhanced by Chiral Nanorods: Experimental, Statistical, and Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19828-19841. [PMID: 35722018 PMCID: PMC9202296 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three chiral nanorods of C14-l-Thea, C14-l-Phe, and C14-d-Phe were first synthesized and utilized as heterogeneous nucleants to enhance the resolution of racemic Asp via direct crystallization. Through the statistical analysis from 320 batches of nucleation experiments, we found that the apparent appearance diversity of two enantiomeric crystals of Asp existed in 80 homogeneous experiments without chiral nanorods. However, in 240 heterogeneous experiments with 4.0 wt % chiral nanorods of solute mass added, the appearance of those nuclei with the same chirality as the nanorods was apparently promoted, and that with the opposite chirality was totally inhibited. Under a supersaturation level of 1.08, the maximum ee of the initial nuclei was as high as 23.51%. When the cooling rate was 0.025 K/min, the ee of the product was up to 76.85% with a yield of 14.41%. Furthermore, the simulation results from quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular dynamics (MD) revealed that the higher chiral recognition ability of C14-l-Thea compared to C14-l-Phe that originated from the interaction difference between C14-l-Thea and Asp enantiomers was larger than that between C14-l-Phe and Asp enantiomers. Moreover, the constructed nanorods exhibited good stability and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Cao
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Boxuan Lou
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaolan Qin
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Haikuan Yuan
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department
of Process Engineering, Memorial University
of Newfoundland, St John’s
NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Sohrab Rohani
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jie Lu
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Frontier Medical Technologies Institute, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
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Bodák B, Breveglieri F, Mazzotti M. On the model-based design and comparison of crystallization-based deracemization techniques. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hoffmann J, Flannigan J, Cashmore A, Lucia Briuglia M, Steendam RRE, Gerard C, Haw M, Sefcik J, ter Horst J. The Unexpected Dominance of Secondary over Primary Nucleation. Faraday Discuss 2022; 235:109-131. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00098e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is still a challenge to control the formation of particles in industrial crystallization processes. In such a process, new crystals can be generated either by primary or secondary nucleation....
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Wang H, Yang W, Baldridge KK, Zhan CH, Thikekar TU, Sue ACH. Spontaneous and induced chiral symmetry breaking of stereolabile pillar[5]arene derivatives upon crystallisation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10985-10989. [PMID: 34522295 PMCID: PMC8386666 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02560k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereolabile pillar[5]arene (P[5]) derivatives, which are dynamic racemic mixtures in solution on account of their low inversion barriers, were employed as platforms to study chiral symmetry breaking during crystallisation. In the solid state, we showed that crystal enantiomeric excess of a conglomerate-forming P[5] derivative can be obtained by handpicking and Viedma ripening without the intervention of external chiral entities. On the other hand, in the presence of ethyl d/l-lactate as both optically-active solvents and chiral guests, the handedness of P[5] derivative crystals, either forming racemic compounds or conglomerates upon condensation, can be directed and subsequently inverted in a highly controllable manner. Stereolabile pillar[5]arene derivatives, which are dynamic racemic mixtures in solution on account of their low inversion barriers, were employed as platforms to study chiral symmetry breaking during crystallisation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Cai-Hong Zhan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University 688 Yingbin Road Jinhua Zhejiang Province 321004 P. R. China
| | - Tushar Ulhas Thikekar
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 P. R. China .,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University 422 Siming S Rd, Siming District Xiamen Fujian Province 361005 P. R. China
| | - Andrew C-H Sue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University 422 Siming S Rd, Siming District Xiamen Fujian Province 361005 P. R. China
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Harfouche LC, Clevers S, Coquerel G, Rietveld IB. Nucleation behaviour of racemic and enantiopure histidine. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01199e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small non-centrosymmetric domains are observed in the racemic crystal, due to the low nucleation activation energy of the conglomerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina C. Harfouche
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Place Emile Blondel, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Simon Clevers
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Place Emile Blondel, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Place Emile Blondel, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Ivo B. Rietveld
- Université de Rouen Normandie, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Place Emile Blondel, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 avenue de l'observatoire, 75006, Paris, France
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