Monte Carlo Simulation of a Modified Chi Distribution Considering Asymmetry in the Generating Functions: Application to the Study of Health-Related Variables

Editorial of the Special Issue “Skewed (Asymmetrical) Probability Distributions and Applications across Disciplines”

This Special Issue includes a total of 14 articles on skewed probability distributions and applications across disciplines [...]

Editorial of Special Issue “Application of Mathematical Modelling and Symmetry in Neuroscience”

The first article is “Spectral Clustering Reveals Different Profiles of Central Sensitization in Women with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)” [...]

A Novel Co-Evolution Model Based on Evolutionary Game about Social Network

With the development of information networks, information diffusion becomes increasingly complicated in social networks, and the influence from different neighbors presents asymmetry. Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT), which orients the human interaction from the perspective of economics, has been widely concerned. We establish a collaborative evolution model of public opinion information and views based on dynamic evolutionary games of social networks and the underlying asymmetry relationship. In addition, the coupling mechanism of behavior and viewpoints is adopted to study the coupling evolution of the group behavior and viewpoint. Some interesting and valuable results about evolution of the behavior and viewpoints are shown.

Evaluation and Mathematical Analysis of a Four-Dimensional Lotka–Volterra-like Equation Designed to Describe the Batch Nisin Production System

Nisin, an antibacterial compound produced by Lactococcus lactis strains, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to be used as a safe food additive to control the growth of undesirable pathogenic bacteria. Nisin is commonly described as a pH-dependent primary metabolite since its production depends on growth and culture pH evolution. However, the relationships between bacteriocin synthesis (BT), biomass production (X), culture pH, and the consumption of the limiting nutrient (total nitrogen: TN) have not been described until now. Therefore, this study aims to develop a competitive four-dimensional Lotka–Volterra-like Equation (predator-prey system) to describe these complex relationships in three series of batch fermentations with L. lactis CECT 539 in diluted whey (DW)-based media. The developed four-dimensional predator-prey system accurately described each individual culture, providing a good description of the relationships between pH, TN, X, and BT, higher values for R2 and F-ratios, lower values (<10%) for the mean relative percentage deviation modulus, with bias and accuracy factor values approximately equal to one. The mathematical analysis of the developed equation showed the existence of one asymptotically stable equilibrium point, and the phase’s diagram obtained did not show the closed elliptic trajectories observed in biological predator-prey systems.