New Technologies to Decontaminate Pollutants in Water: A Report about the State of the Art

Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams for the Removal of Petroleum-Derived Pollutants: Sorption in Batch and in Continuous-Flow

In this paper, we evaluated the potential of two synthesized bio-based polyurethane foams, PU1 and PU2, for the removal of diesel and gasoline from water mixtures. We started the investigation with the experiment in batch. The total sorption capacity S (g/g) for the diesel/water system was slightly higher with respect to gasoline/water, with a value of 62 g/g for PU1 and 65 g/g for PU2. We found that the sorption follows a pseudo second-order kinetic model for both the materials. The experimental data showed that the best isotherm models were obtained with Langmuir and Redlich–Peterson models. In addition, to provide an idea of the process scalability for future industrial applications, we tested the sorption capacity of the foams using a continuous-flow of the same oil/water mixtures and we obtained performances even better with respect to the batch test. The regeneration can be performed up to 50 times by centrifuge, without losing efficacy.

Development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale

Water care is an imperative duty in industries with effluents loaded with pollutants such as heavy metals, especially chromium (VI), extremely dangerous for humans and the environment. One way of treating water is possible through a continuous system with dry and crushed vegetable biomass of cellulose xanthogenate because it can adsorb heavy metals, especially due to its low production costs. Through continuous systems and with the waste of PET plastics, it is possible to develop a water treatment process adapting this system and biomass. The objective of this research is the development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale. Where a mass balance conducted to determine the adsorption capacity of this heavy metal, corroborating it through the Thomas model. The treatment process eliminated around 95% of Cr (VI) present in the water, in addition, biomass reuse cycles carried out, which maintained a considerable adsorption capacity in all the cycles conducted through EDTA reagent.

Development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale

Water care is an imperative duty in industries with effluents loaded with pollutants such as heavy metals, especially chromium (VI), extremely dangerous for humans and the environment. One way of treating water is possible through a continuous system with dry and crushed vegetable biomass of cellulose xanthogenate because it can adsorb heavy metals, especially due to its low production costs. Through continuous systems and with the waste of PET plastics, it is possible to develop a water treatment process adapting this system and biomass. The objective of this research is the development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale. Where a mass balance conducted to determine the adsorption capacity of this heavy metal, corroborating it through the Thomas model. The treatment process eliminated around 95% of Cr (VI) present in the water, in addition, biomass reuse cycles carried out, which maintained a considerable adsorption capacity in all the cycles conducted through EDTA reagent.

Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of Cu2MoS4 and FeMoS4 for Efficient Adsorption of Chlortetracycline

Contamination of antibiotics in an aqueous environment has attracted wide attention. Developing high-efficiency adsorbents for antibiotics removal is urgent. In this work, two kinds of ternary transition metal chalcogenides—Cu2MoS4 and FeMoS4 with superior adsorption performance were prepared by a facile hydrothermal synthesis method. The microstructure and physicochemical properties of the adsorbents were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The as-prepared Cu2MoS4 and FeMoS4 were found to have dramatic potential for the adsorption of chlortetracycline (CTC) in an aqueous solution with an extremely high adsorption capacity. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2MoS4 and FeMoS4 to CTC can reach 1203.81 and 2169.19 mg/g, respectively, which goes far beyond the common adsorbents as reported. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics as well as adsorption mechanism were examined in detail by a batch of adsorption experiments.