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Pap S, Turk Sekulic M, Tran HN, Chao HP, Gilbert PJ, Gibb SW, Taggart MA. Comparison of two carbonaceous supported Fe-rich adsorbents for arsenate removal: A functionalisation and mechanistic study with applicability to groundwater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142205. [PMID: 38704050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The presence of arsenic in groundwater, and through this in drinking water, has been shown to present a serious risk to public health in many regions of the world. In this study, two iron-rich carbonous adsorbents were compared for the removal of arsenate (As(V)) from groundwater. Biochars (FeO-biochar and FeO-pyrochar) derived from biomass waste were functionalised in two different ways with iron chloride for comparation. Batch and dynamic parameters were optimised to achieve >99% As(V) removal efficiency. Experimental data were best described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model, while multi-stage diffusion appeared to limit mass transfer of As(V). Among the isotherm models evaluated, the Freundlich model best described the experimental results with high correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.94) for both adsorbents. Monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 4.34 mg/g and 8.66 mg/g for FeO-biochar and FeO-pyrochar, respectively. Batch studies followed by instrumental characterisation of the materials indicated the removal mechanisms involved to be electrostatic interactions (outer-sphere), OH- ligand exchange (inner-sphere complexation) and hydrogen bonding with functional groups. Higher pHpzc (9.1), SBET (167.2 m2/g), and iron/elemental content for the FeO-pyrochar (compared with the FeO-biochar) suggested that both surface chemistry and porosity/surface area were important in adsorption. Dynamic studies showed FeO-pyrochar can be used to remove As(V) from groundwater even at low 'environmental' concentrations relevant to legislative limits (<10 μg/L), whereby 7 g of FeO-pyrochar was able to treat 5.4 L groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabolc Pap
- Environmental Research Institute, UHI North, West and Hebrides, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, Scotland, KW14 7JD, UK; Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Maja Turk Sekulic
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Hai Nguyen Tran
- Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Huan-Ping Chao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan; Center for Environmental Risk Management, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan
| | - Peter J Gilbert
- Environmental Research Institute, UHI North, West and Hebrides, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, Scotland, KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Stuart W Gibb
- Environmental Research Institute, UHI North, West and Hebrides, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, Scotland, KW14 7JD, UK
| | - Mark A Taggart
- Environmental Research Institute, UHI North, West and Hebrides, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, Scotland, KW14 7JD, UK
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Lingamdinne LP, Angaru GKR, Pal CA, Koduru JR, Karri RR, Mubarak NM, Chang YY. Insights into kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms of chemically activated sunflower stem biochar for removal of phenol and bisphenol-A from wastewater. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4267. [PMID: 38383598 PMCID: PMC10881974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54907-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized a highly efficient KOH-treated sunflower stem activated carbon (KOH-SSAC) using a two-step pyrolysis process and chemical activation using KOH. The resulting material exhibited exceptional properties, such as a high specific surface area (452 m2/g) and excellent adsorption capacities for phenol (333.03 mg/g) and bisphenol A (BPA) (365.81 mg/g). The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic, benefiting from the synergistic effects of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, and stacking interactions. Comparative analysis also showed that KOH-SSAC performed approximately twice as well as sunflower stem biochar (SSB), indicating its potential for water treatment and pollutant removal applications. The study suggests the exploration of optimization strategies to further enhance the efficiency of KOH-SSAC in large-scale scenarios. These findings contribute to the development of improved materials for efficient water treatment and pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Janardhan Reddy Koduru
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei.
| | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Yoon-Young Chang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Wei Y, Wu Y, Wang X. Novel Adsorbents and Adsorption Methods for Pollutant Removal. TOXICS 2023; 11:954. [PMID: 38133355 PMCID: PMC10748321 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, with the rapid growth of the global population and economy, the increasing levels of various pollutants such as heavy metals, radionuclides, and organic/inorganic/biological toxins from various industries and human activities, which diffuse into aspects of the environment such as the atmosphere, soil, and natural water, have posed a serious threat to human health and the environment [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhou Wei
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinpeng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
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