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Ibrahim MIA, Lensink AV, Phaswane RM, Botha CJ. Structural gonadal lesions observed in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) following exposure during puberty to the neonicotinoid pesticide, imidacloprid. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102450. [PMID: 38941762 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to the neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI), causes reproductive toxicity in mammals and reptiles. However, reports on the effects of IMI on the gonads in birds are grossly lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of pubertal exposure to IMI on the histology, ultrastructure, as well as the cytoskeletal proteins, desmin, smooth muscle actin and vimentin, of the gonads of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Quails were randomly divided into four groups at 5 weeks of age. The control group was given only distilled water, whereas, the other three experimental groups, IMI was administered by oral gavage at 1.55, 3.1, and 6.2 mg/kg, twice per week for 4 weeks. Exposure to IMI doses of 3.1 and 6.2 mg/kg caused dose-dependent histopathological changes in the ovary and testis. In the ovary, accumulation of lymphocytes, degenerative changes, and necrosis with granulocyte infiltrations were observed, while in the testis, distorted seminiferous tubules, germ cell sloughing, vacuolisations, apoptotic bodies, autophagosomes, and mitochondrial damage were detected. These changes were accompanied by a decreased number of primary follicles (P ≤ 0.05) in the ovary and a decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the epithelial height, luminal, and tubular diameters of seminiferous tubules at the two higher dosages. In addition, IMI had a negative effect on the immunostaining intensity of desmin, smooth muscle actin, and vimentin in the ovarian and testicular tissue. In conclusion, exposure to IMI during puberty can lead to a range of histopathological alterations in the gonads of Japanese quails, which may ultimately result in infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I A Ibrahim
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa.
| | - Antoinette V Lensink
- Electron Microscope Unit, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Rephima M Phaswane
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Christo J Botha
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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Aioub AAA, Abdelnour SA, Hashem AS, Maher M, Abdel-Wahab SIZ, Alkeridis LA, Shukry M, Sayed SM, Elsobki AEA. Cinnamon nanoemulsion mitigates acetamiprid-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats: biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular docking analysis. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:256. [PMID: 38867202 PMCID: PMC11167909 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetamiprid (ACDP) is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide that is popular for its efficacy in controlling fleas in domestic settings and for pets. Our study aims to offer a comprehensive examination of the toxicological impacts of ACDP and the prophylactic effects of cinnamon nanoemulsions (CMNEs) on the pathological, immunohistochemical, and hematological analyses induced by taking ACDP twice a week for 28 days. Forty healthy rats were divided into four groups (n = 10) at random; the first group served as control rats; the second received CMNEs (2 mg/Kg body weight); the third group received acetamiprid (ACDP group; 21.7 mg/Kg body weight), and the fourth group was given both ACDP and CMNEs by oral gavage. Following the study period, tissue and blood samples were extracted and prepared for analysis. According to a GC-MS analysis, CMNEs had several bioactive ingredients that protected the liver from oxidative stress by upregulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Our findings demonstrated that whereas ACDP treatment considerably boosted white blood cells (WBCs) and lymphocytes, it significantly lowered body weight gain (BWG), red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and platelets (PLT). ACDP notably reduced antioxidant enzyme activities: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) and elevated hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels compared with other groups. ACDP remarkably raised alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels.Moreover, the histopathological and immunohistochemistry assays discovered a severe toxic effect on the liver and kidney following ACDP delivery. Furthermore, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) + immunoexpression was enhanced after treatment with CMNEs. All of the parameters above were returned to nearly normal levels by the coadministration of CMNEs. The molecular docking of cinnamaldehyde with COX-2 also confirmed the protective potential of CMNEs against ACDP toxicity. Our findings highlighted that the coadministration of CMNEs along with ACDP diminished its toxicity by cutting down oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant capacity, demonstrating the effectiveness of CMNEs in lessening ACDP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A A Aioub
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Sameh A Abdelnour
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Hashem
- Stored Product Pests Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33717, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Maher
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Z Abdel-Wahab
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, kafrelsheikh University, kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Samy M Sayed
- Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, B.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E A Elsobki
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Tekin S, Sengul E, Yildirim S, Aksu EH, Bolat İ, Çınar B, Shadidizaji A, Çelebi F, Warda M. Molecular insights into the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of P-coumaric acid against bisphenol A-induced testicular injury: In vivo and in silico studies. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 125:108579. [PMID: 38513920 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of p-coumaric acid (PCA) against bisphenol A (BPA)-induced testicular toxicity in male rats. The rats were divided into control, BPA, BPA+PCA50, BPA+PCA100, and PCA100 groups. Following a 14-day treatment period, various analyses were conducted on epididymal sperm quality and testicular tissues. PCA exhibited dose-dependent cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, ameliorating the decline in sperm quality induced by BPA. The treatment elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPx, CAT) and restored redox homeostasis by increasing cellular glutathione (GSH) and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. PCA also mitigated BPA-induced proinflammatory responses while reinstating anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels. Apoptotic parameters (p53 and p38-MAPK) were normalized by PCA in BPA-treated testicular tissue. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analyses confirmed the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of PCA, evidenced by the upregulation of HO-1, Bcl-2, and Nrf-2 and the downregulation of the proapoptotic gene Bax in BPA-induced testicular intoxication. PCA corrected the disturbance in male reproductive hormone levels and reinstated testosterone biosynthetic capacity after BPA-induced testicular insult. In silico analyses suggested PCA's potential modulation of the oxidative stress KEAP1/NRF2/ARE pathway, affirming BPA's inhibitory impact on P450scc. This study elucidates BPA's molecular disruption of testosterone biosynthesis and highlights PCA's therapeutic potential in mitigating BPA's adverse effects on testicular function, showcasing its cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and hormone-regulating properties. The integrated in vivo and in silico approach offers a comprehensive understanding of complex mechanisms, paving the way for future research in reproductive health and toxicology, and underscores the importance of employing BPA-free plastic wares in semen handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samet Tekin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Emin Sengul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Emrah Hicazi Aksu
- Department of Andrology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - İsmail Bolat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Burak Çınar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Azizeh Shadidizaji
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fikret Çelebi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Wang J, Wang L, Tan J, Chai R, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao S, Wang X, Bian Y, Liu J. Toxicity studies of condensed fuzheng extract in mice and rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24780. [PMID: 38318056 PMCID: PMC10838742 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements have been used to improve immune function. Condensed fuzheng extract (CFE) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that is predominantly made from sheep placenta, Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, and Polygonatum kingianum Collett & Hemsl. However, the toxicological profile of CFE has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the acute (14 days) and sub-chronic (90 days) oral toxicities of CFE in mice and rats and the phytochemical composition of CFE. Materials and methods For the assessment of acute toxicity, 80 ICR mice of both sexes were randomly divided into four groups. Three groups were treated with 4500, 2250 and 1125 mg/kg/d bw CFE daily (n = 10/group per sex) for 14 days; a separate group was used as control. To test the sub-chronic toxicity, male and female Sprague Dawley rats were orally administered 8150, 4075 or 2037 mg/kg bw of CFE for 90 days; a control group was included. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological markers were tested at the end of the experiment. The chemical composition of CFE was determined by UPLC-HRMS method. Results In both acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies, no mortalities, indications of abnormality, or treatment-related adverse effects were observed. The LD50 of CFE was higher than 4500 mg/kg. There were no significant changes in the hematological and biochemical data in the treatment group compared with the control group (p > 0.05). Histopathological analyses of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, thymus, testes (male rats) and ovaries (female rats) revealed no anatomical changes of each organ. Phytochemical analysis of CFE revealed the presence of flavonoids (highest abundance), phenols and alkaloids. In conclusion, our results showed that CFE is a safe and non-toxic formula. We also reported phytochemicals in CFE that may possess important pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiDa Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Pharmaceutical Department, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junzhen Tan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - RunDong Chai
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - ShuWu Zhao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - XiangLing Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - YuHong Bian
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - JianWei Liu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Omar AAAH, Gad MF, Refaie AA, Abdelhafez HM, Mossa ATH. Benchmark Dose Approach to DNA and Liver Damage by Chlorpyrifos and Imidacloprid in Male Rats: The Protective Effect of a Clove-Oil-Based Nanoemulsion Loaded with Pomegranate Peel Extract. TOXICS 2023; 11:569. [PMID: 37505536 PMCID: PMC10383980 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used around the world to increase crop production. They also have negative impacts on animals, humans, and the ecosystem. This is the first report evaluating a novel pomegranate-extract-loaded clove-oil-based nanoemulsion (PELCN) and its potential for reducing oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as its hepatoprotective effects against imidacloprid (IM) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity in male rats. The benchmark dose (BMD) approach was also used to study the dose-response toxicity of IM and CPF. IM and CPF were administered daily for 28 days at doses of 14, 28, and 54 mg/kg body weight (bw) of IM and 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg bw of CPF via drinking water. The PELCN was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day of pomegranate extract, 500 mg/kg bw of the clove oil nanoemulsion, and IM or CPF at high doses in the drinking water. In male rats, IM and CPF caused a reduction in body weight gain and hepatotoxic effects as evidenced by increases in the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP. They caused oxidative damage in the liver of male rats as indicated by the decreased liver activity of the GST, GPX, SOD, and CAT enzymes and decreased serum TAC. IM and CPF produced a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in hepatocyte cells, resulting in moderate to severe liver damage with cells that are more inflammatory and have enlarged sinusoids and compacted nuclei. IM had a higher BMD than CPF for both body and liver weight, suggesting that CPF was more dose-dependently toxic than IM. Albumin was a highly sensitive liver biomarker for IM, while total protein was a biomarker for the CPF-treated rats. GPx was an extremely sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress in the IM treatment, while CAT and GPx were highly sensitive parameters in the CPF-treated rats. Therefore, at comparable doses, CPF has a higher potential to cause liver damage and oxidative stress than IM. The hepatotoxicity of IM and CPF can be mitigated by administering a nanoemulsion containing clove oil and pomegranate extract. The nanoemulsion acts as a protector against the oxidative stress caused by these insecticides, especially at high doses. The nanoemulsion based on clove oil increases the bioavailability and stability of the pomegranate extract, which has antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ahmed Abdel-Hamid Omar
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa Farouk Gad
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amel A Refaie
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hemmat Mansour Abdelhafez
- Cytochemistry and Histology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Tawab H Mossa
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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