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Kaur R, Sharma R, Thakur S, Chandel S, Chauhan SK. Exploring the combined effect of heavy metals on accumulation efficiency of Salix alba raised on lead and cadmium contaminated soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024; 26:1486-1499. [PMID: 38555862 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2328362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The present study illustrated that Salix alba can accumulate high level of Pb and Cd in different plant parts, with maximum accumulation in roots followed by stem and leaves in the order Cd > Pb > Cd + Pb. The phytoremediation evaluation factors such as bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) was higher for Cd over Pb in all plant parts, further the BCF for both Pb and Cd was maximum in root (BCF > 1) followed by stem and leaves. Higher accumulation of Cd over the Pb was observed inside the plant tissues due to Cd mimics with other elements and gets transported through respective transporters. The combined treatment of Pb and Cd affected the bioaccumulation at every treatment level suggesting the negative effect among both elements. Higher survival rate (>85%) was recorded up to 200mgPb/kg and 15mgCd/kg, while further increase in metal concentration reduced the plant efficiency to remediate contaminated soils, hence results in declined survival rate. The FTIR analysis revealed that Pb and Cd accumulation in plants induced changes in carboxy, amino, hydroxyl and phosphate groups that ultimately caused alteration in physiological and biochemical processes of plant and thus provided an insight to the interaction, binding and accumulation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rajni Sharma
- Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sapna Thakur
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sumita Chandel
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Cai M, Yang T, Fang S, Ye L, Gu L, Wang H, Du X, Zhu B, Zeng T, Peng T. Integrative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Cd Tolerance in Sinapis alba. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2224. [PMID: 38137046 PMCID: PMC10742500 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, pollution caused by the heavy metal Cd has seriously affected the environment and agricultural crops. While Sinapis alba is known for its edible and medicinal value, its tolerance to Cd and molecular response mechanism remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze the tolerance of S. alba to Cd and investigate its molecular response mechanism through transcriptomic and physiological indicators. To achieve this, S. alba seedlings were treated with different concentrations of CdCl2 (0.25 mmol/L, 0.5 mmol/L, and 1.0 mmol/L) for three days. Based on seedling performance, S. alba exhibited some tolerance to a low concentration of Cd stress (0.25 mmol/L CdCl2) and a strong Cd accumulation ability in its roots. The activities and contents of several antioxidant enzymes generally exhibited an increase under the treatment of 0.25 mmol/L CdCl2 but decreased under the treatment of higher CdCl2 concentrations. In particular, the proline (Pro) content was extremely elevated under the 0.25 and 0.5 mmol/L CdCl2 treatments but sharply declined under the 1.0 mmol/L CdCl2 treatment, suggesting that Pro is involved in the tolerance of S. alba to low concentration of Cd stress. In addition, RNA sequencing was utilized to analyze the gene expression profiles of S. alba exposed to Cd (under the treatment of 0.25 mmol/L CdCl2). The results indicate that roots were more susceptible to disturbance from Cd stress, as evidenced by the detection of 542 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in roots compared to only 37 DEGs in leaves. GO and KEGG analyses found that the DEGs induced by Cd stress were primarily enriched in metabolic pathways, plant hormone signal transduction, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The key pathway hub genes were mainly associated with intracellular ion transport and cell wall synthesis. These findings suggest that S. alba is tolerant to a degree of Cd stress, but is also susceptible to the toxic effects of Cd. Furthermore, these results provide a theoretical basis for understanding Cd tolerance in S. alba.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China; (M.C.); (T.Y.); (S.F.); (L.Y.); (L.G.); (H.W.); (X.D.); (B.Z.); (T.Z.)
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Chen F, Li Y, Irshad MA, Hussain A, Nawaz R, Qayyum MF, Ma J, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Rizwan M, Ali S. Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and co-composted biochar on growth and Cd uptake by wheat plants: A field study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116057. [PMID: 37149025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common toxic trace element found in agricultural soils which is due to anthropogenic activities. Cadmium posed a significant risk to humans all around the world due to its cancer-causing ability. The current study demonstrated the effects of soil-applied biochar (BC) and foliar-applied titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) (at a rate of 0.5% and 75 mg/L respectively) alone or in combination on growth and Cd accumulation in wheat plants under field experiment. Soil applied BC and foliar TiO2 NPs, as well as BC coupled with TiO2 NPs, reduced Cd contents in grains by 32%, 47%, and 79%, than control respectively. The usage of NPs and BC boosted the plant height as well as chlorophyll contents by lowering oxidative injury and changing antioxidant enzyme activities than control plants. The combined use of NPs and BC prevented excess Cd accumulation in grains over the critical level (0.2 mg/kg) for cereals. The health risk index (HRI) due to Cd was reduced by 79% by co-composted BC + TiO2 NPs treatment than control. Although, HRI was lower than one for all treatments but this may exceed the limit if grains obtained from such field consumed over long periods. In conclusion, TiO2 NPs and BC amendments can be implemented in fields across the globe where excess Cd is present soils. Additional studies on the use of such approaches in more precise experimental settings are needed in order to address this environmental problem at larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Chen
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Muhammad Atif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Afzal Hussain
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Rab Nawaz
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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