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Irshad MA, Abdullah, Latif M, Nasim I, Nawaz R, Zahoor AF, Al-Mutairi AA, Al-Hussain SA, Irfan A, Zaki MEA. Efficient chromium removal from leather industrial wastewater in batch experimental study: Green synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ficus benghalensis extracts. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116616. [PMID: 38917589 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The urgent need to address the severe environmental risk posed by chromium-contaminated industrial wastewater necessitates the development of eco-friendly cleanup methodologies. Utilizing the Ficus benghalensis plant extracts, the present study aims to develop green zinc oxide nanoparticles for the removal of Cr metal ions from wastewater. The leaves of Ficus benghalensis, often known as the banyan tree, were used to extract a solution for synthesizing ZnO NPs. These nanoparticles were developed with the goal of efficiently eliminating chromium (Cr) from industrial effluents. Batch studies were carried out to assess the efficiency of these synthesized ZnO NPs in treating leather industrial effluent, with aiming for optimal chromium removal. This involved measuring the nanoparticles' capacity to adsorb Cr ions from wastewater samples by comparing chromium levels before and after treatment. Removal efficiency for Cr was estimated through the batches such as optimization of pH, contact time, initial Cr concentration and sorbent dose of ZnO NPs were of the batches. These synthesized ZnO NPs were found to be successful in lowering chromium levels in wastewater to meet permissible limit. The nanoparticles exhibited their highest absorption capacity, reaching 94 % (46 mg/g) at pH 4, with a contact time of 7 hours with the optimum sorbent dose of 0.6 g/L. Hence, the excellent adsorption capabilities of these nanoparticles, together with their environmentally benign manufacturing technique, provide a long-term and efficient solution for chromium-contaminated wastewater treatment. Its novel nature has the potential to significantly improve the safety and cleanliness of water ecosystems, protecting the both i.e. human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Atif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdullah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Maria Latif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Iqra Nasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan 71800, Malaysia.
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Aamal A Al-Mutairi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
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Latif M, Nasir N, Nawaz R, Nasim I, Sultan K, Irshad MA, Irfan A, Dawoud TM, Younous YA, Ahmed Z, Bourhia M. Assessment of drinking water quality using Water Quality Index and synthetic pollution index in urban areas of mega city Lahore: a GIS-based approach. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13416. [PMID: 38862670 PMCID: PMC11166916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the drinking water quality in the selected urban areas of Lahore and to comprehend the public health status by addressing the basic drinking water quality parameters. Total 50 tap water samples were collected from groundwater in the two selected areas of district Lahore i.e., Gulshan-e-Ravi (site 1) and Samanabad (site 2). Water samples were analyzed in the laboratory to elucidate physico-chemical parameters including pH, turbidity, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness, magnesium hardness, and calcium hardness. These physico-chemical parameters were used to examine the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Synthetic Pollution Index (SPI) in order to characterize the water quality. Results of th selected physico-chemical parameters were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to determine the quality of drinking water. A GIS-based approach was used for mapping water quality, WQI, and SPI. Results of the present study revealed that the average value of temperature, pH, and DO of both study sites were within the WHO guidelines of 23.5 °C, 7.7, and 6.9 mg/L, respectively. The TDS level of site 1 was 192.56 mg/L (within WHO guidelines) and whereas, in site 2 it was found 612.84 mg/L (higher than WHO guidelines), respectively. Calcium hardness of site 1 and site 2 was observed within the range from 25.04 to 65.732 mg/L but, magnesium hardness values were higher than WHO guidelines. The major reason for poor water quality is old, worn-out water supply pipelines and improper waste disposal in the selected areas. The average WQI was found as 59.66 for site 1 and 77.30 for site 2. Results showed that the quality of the water was classified as "poor" for site 1 and "very poor " for site 2. There is a need to address the problem of poor water quality and also raise the public awareness about the quality of drinking water and its associated health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Latif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Nasir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
- Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Iqra Nasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Khawar Sultan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Turki M Dawoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zulkifl Ahmed
- College of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeast University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
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Sabinaya S, Mahanty B, Rout PR, Raut S, Sahoo SK, Jha V, Sahoo NK. Multi-model exploration of groundwater quality and potential health risk assessment in Jajpur district, Eastern India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:57. [PMID: 38273049 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The presence of fluoride and nitrate is a serious groundwater quality issue in India impacting human health. In the present study, 14 different hydrochemical parameters for 76 groundwater samples collected from the Jajpur district of Odisha, India, were evaluated. Entropy-weighted water quality index (EWQI), fixed-weight groundwater quality index (GWQI), principal component analysis (PCA), and rotated factor loading-based water quality index (PCWQI) were employed to assess groundwater quality. About 65.79 ± 4.68%, 33.55 ± 3.95%, and 0.66 ± 0.76% of the samples were rated as "excellent," "good," or "medium" quality, respectively, across the four different water quality indices, with a nominal rating discrepancy of 13.15%. Though 86% of samples consistently received excellent or good ratings across all WQI frameworks, concentrations of F- and NO3- in 36.8% and 11.84% of the samples exceeded the WHO permissible limit. In health risk assessment, about 38.15% of samples surpassed the F- hazard quotient (HQ > 1) posing non-carcinogenic health risks for children. The non-carcinogenic health risks due to NO3- were evident in 55.26% and 11.84% of samples for children and adults, respectively. The higher concentration of NO3- in some of the water samples, together with its positive correlation with HCO3-, may worsen groundwater pollution. The moderate correlation between Ca2+ and HCO3- (r = 0.410) and the insignificant correlation between Mg2+ and HCO3- (r = 0.234) suggests calcite dissolution is far more common than dolomite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushree Sabinaya
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science Program, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India.
| | - Prangya Ranjan Rout
- Department of BioTechnology, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Jalandhar, India
| | - Sangeeta Raut
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India
| | | | | | - Naresh Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science Program, Siksha 'O'Anusandhan (Deemed to University), Bhubaneswar, 751 030, India.
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