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Taheri M, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Abdullah ST, Ghafouri-Fard S, Sayad A. Emerging Role of miRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:427-448. [PMID: 35718954 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220617103820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to participate in the pathogenesis of several immune-related conditions through the modulation of the expression of cytokine coding genes and other molecules that affect the activity of the immune system. Periodontitis is an example of these conditions associated with the dysregulation of several miRNAs. Several miRNAs such as let-7 family, miR-125, miR-378, miR-543, miR-302, miR-214, miR-200, miR-146, miR-142, miR-30 and miR-21 have been shown to be dysregulated in patients with periodontitis. miR-146 is the most assessed miRNA in these patients, which is up-regulated in most studies in patients with periodontitis. In the present review, we describe the impact of miRNAs dysregulation on the pathoetiology of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Zhou M, Yin Y, Zhao J, Zhou M, Bai Y, Zhang P. Applications of microalga-powered microrobots in targeted drug delivery. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7512-7530. [PMID: 37877241 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, researchers have proposed a new class of drug delivery systems, bio-hybrid micro-robots, designed with a variety of living cell-driven micro-robots that utilize the unique mobility of natural organisms (bacteria, cells, exosomes, etc.) to transport effective drugs. Microalgae are considered potential drug delivery carriers. Recent studies have shown that microalga-based drug delivery systems exhibit excellent biocompatibility. In addition, microalgae have a large surfactant area, phototaxis, oxygen production, and other characteristics, so they are used as a carrier for the treatment of bacterial infections, cancer, etc. This review summarizes the modification of microalgae including click chemistry and electrostatic adsorption, and can improve the drug loading efficiency through dehydration and hydration strategies. The prepared microalgal drug delivery system can be targeted to different organs by different dosing methods or using external forces. Finally, it summarizes its antibacterial (gastritis, periodontitis, skin wound inflammation, etc.) and antitumor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yannan Yin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jiuhong Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Mingyang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Yanjie Bai
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Ferrazzano GF, D’Ambrosio F, Caruso S, Gatto R, Caruso S. Bioactive Peptides Derived from Edible Insects: Effects on Human Health and Possible Applications in Dentistry. Nutrients 2023; 15:4611. [PMID: 37960264 PMCID: PMC10650930 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel foods, including edible insects, are emerging because of their nutritional characteristics and low environmental impacts and could represent a valid alternative source of food in a more sustainable way. Edible insects have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. Insect-derived bioactive peptides exert antihypertensive, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties and have protective effects against common metabolic conditions. In this review, the roles of edible insects in human health are reported, and the possible applications of these peptides in clinical practice are discussed. A special mention is given to the role of antimicrobial peptides and their potential applications in controlling infections in orthodontic procedures. In this context, insects' antimicrobial peptides might represent a potential tool to face the onset of infective endocarditis, with a low chance to develop resistances, and could be manipulated and optimized to replace common antibiotics used in clinical practice so far. Although some safety concerns must be taken into consideration, and the isolation and production of insect-derived proteins are far from easy, edible insects represent an interesting source of peptides, with beneficial effects that may be, in the future, integrated into clinical and orthodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Fabrizio Ferrazzano
- UNESCO Chair in Health Education and Sustainable Development, Paediatric Dentistry Section, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesca D’Ambrosio
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Caruso
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.C.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Roberto Gatto
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.C.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Caruso
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.C.); (R.G.); (S.C.)
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Balasubramaniam A, Arumugham I M, Nathan P S, Santhosh Kumar MP, Murugesan K, Dharmaraj S, Thangavelu L, Yadalam PK, Ramadoss R, Ashokkumar V. Emerging technologies and potential applications of algae in dentistry - A critical review. J Biotechnol 2022; 360:1-10. [PMID: 36195207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Algae are effective predecessors of nutrient foods and preventive drugs, gaining global attraction in recent years. It exhibits potent antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycemic, and cholesterol-lowering properties due to their richness in highly valuable secondary metabolites. Nevertheless, algae produce valuable bioproducts, its application in dentistry is in its primitive stage. This review focuses on the emergence and emerging role of micro/macroalgae as a natural source of therapeutic, preventive, and biocompatible agents in dentistry. Several studies unveiled that Cyanobacteria, Spirulina, and Chlorella species offer high oral antibacterial and antifungal properties compared to gold standard agents. The characteristic of algae to scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl free radicals, fabricate them as an anti-oxidative and anti-cancer agent. Either alone or by synergism with pinnacle therapies they are found to produce promising curative actions against periodontitis by embattling proinflammatory cytokines. Technologies extend the functions of microalgae as a detoxifying agent, potent drug delivery system, and adjunct regenerative material in chronic periodontitis. Its application as thickening, binding, anticariogenic agent in toothpaste, antibacterial agent in mouthwash, and biocompatible agent in dental impression materials remains very primitive. Low-cost and eco-friendly technologies are needed for the production of oral hygiene products using algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Balasubramaniam
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meignana Arumugham I
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Senthil Nathan P
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - M P Santhosh Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - K Murugesan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Selvakumar Dharmaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Ooty off-campus), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ramya Ramadoss
- Department of Oral Pathology & Oral Biology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India.
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Multi-Omic Profiles in Infants at Risk for Food Reactions. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13112024. [DOI: 10.3390/genes13112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Food reactions (FR) are multifactorial and impacted by medical, demographic, environmental, and immunologic factors. We hypothesized that multi-omic analyses of host-microbial factors in saliva would enhance our understanding of FR development. This longitudinal cohort study included 164 infants followed from birth through two years. The infants were identified as FR (n = 34) or non-FR (n = 130) using the Infant Feeding Practice II survey and medical record confirmation. Saliva was collected at six months for the multi-omic assessment of cytokines, mRNAs, microRNAs, and the microbiome/virome. The levels of one miRNA (miR-203b-3p, adj. p = 0.043, V = 2913) and one viral phage (Proteus virus PM135, adj. p = 0.027, V = 2955) were lower among infants that developed FRs. The levels of one bacterial phylum (Cyanobacteria, adj. p = 0.048, V = 1515) were higher among infants that developed FR. Logistical regression models revealed that the addition of multi-omic features (miR-203b-3p, Cyanobacteria, and Proteus virus PM135) improved predictiveness for future FRs in infants (p = 0.005, X2 = 12.9), predicting FRs with 72% accuracy (AUC = 0.81, sensitivity = 72%, specificity = 72%). The multi-omic analysis of saliva may enhance the accurate identification of infants at risk of FRs and provide insights into the host/microbiome interactions that predispose certain infants to FRs.
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Bai S, Zhou J, Nong X, Shi R, Yuan Z, Ma C, Li J. Mechanism and effects of artesunate on the liver function of rats with type 1 diabetic periodontitis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:741-754. [PMID: 35500287 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums. Periodontitis in patients with diabetes can aggravate insulin resistance, but its molecular and biological mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of diabetic periodontitis on liver function and determine the mechanism by which artesunate improves liver function. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were divided into five groups, i.e., normal control group (NC group), diabetic periodontitis group (DM+PD group), artesunate intervention group (ART group), insulin intervention group (INS group), and combined medication intervention group (ART+INS group). Drug interventions were then administered to the rats in each group as follows: 50 mg/kg artesunate to the ART group, 6 U/kg insulin to the INS group, and 50 mg/kg artesunate + 6 U/kg insulin to the ART+INS group. Blood samples, liver tissues, and the maxillary alveolar bone were collected post-sacrifice. ART was found to significantly ameliorate hyperglycemia, blood lipid levels, and liver function. The levels of inflammatory factors reduced; the effect was more pronounced in the ART+INS group. Artesunate presumably inhibits the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and expression of downstream inflammatory factors, thereby exerting a protective effect on diabetes-related liver function. This offers a fresh approach to treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoqiu Bai
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Xiaolin Nong
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, China;
| | - Rongkang Shi
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Zhong Yuan
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Chubin Ma
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, 74626, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
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Yuan Y, Zhu B, Su X, Chen X. Comprehensive Analysis of the Mechanism of Periodontitis-Related mRNA Expression Combined with Upstream Methylation and ceRNA Regulation. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:707-719. [PMID: 34788142 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease mainly caused by the formation of plaque biofilm, which can lead to the gradual destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. Current research on the genetics and epigenetics of periodontitis remains relatively limited, and the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Objective: Our aims were to construct competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and determine DNA methylation patterns of target genes to help elucidate the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Methods: We analyzed the expression profiles of the GSE16134, GSE54710, GSE10334, and GSE59932 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database through the weighted gene coexpression network analysis system and screened mRNAs that are regulated by the level of methylation and are associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. Next, a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed using databases including miRanda and TargetScan. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted for genes in the clinically significant modules. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network was built. Results: We finally identified four mRNAs, four miRNAs, and six lncRNAs as shared differentially expressed genes related to the periodontitis inflammation pathway. IL-6, IFNA17, CXCL12, and TNFRSF13C were identified as key genes whose expression was significantly enriched in the nuclear factor κB and TLR4 pathways. Moreover, the expression of 28 genes were downregulated by hypermethylation and 70 genes were upregulated by hypomethylation. Conclusions: The constructed ceRNA network can improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Candidate mRNAs from the ceRNA network could serve as new therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Yuan
- School of Stomatology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Xu Su
- Department of Stomatology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaotao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China
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Ghiciuc CM, Vicovan AG, Stafie CS, Antoniu SA, Postolache P. Marine-Derived Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Glucocorticoid Resistance in Severe Asthma. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110586. [PMID: 34822457 PMCID: PMC8620935 DOI: 10.3390/md19110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges to the management of severe asthma is the poor therapeutic response to treatment with glucocorticosteroids. Compounds derived from marine sources have received increasing interest in recent years due to their prominent biologically active properties for biomedical applications, as well as their sustainability and safety for drug development. Based on the pathobiological features associated with glucocorticoid resistance in severe asthma, many studies have already described many glucocorticoid resistance mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets. On the other hand, in the last decade, many studies described the potentially anti-inflammatory effects of marine-derived biologically active compounds. Analyzing the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action for these marine-derived biologically active compounds, we observed some of the targeted pathogenic molecular mechanisms similar to those described in glucocorticoid (GC) resistant asthma. This article gathers the marine-derived compounds targeting pathogenic molecular mechanism involved in GC resistant asthma and provides a basis for the development of effective marine-derived drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II—Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iași, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Andrei Gheorghe Vicovan
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II—Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iași, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.M.G.); (A.G.V.)
| | - Celina Silvia Stafie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity—Family Medicine Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sabina Antonela Antoniu
- Department of Medicine II—Palliative Care Nursing, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Paraschiva Postolache
- Department of Medicine I—Pulmonary Rehabilitation Clinic, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Cyanobacteria and Microalgae as Sources of Functional Foods to Improve Human General and Oral Health. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215164. [PMID: 33171936 PMCID: PMC7664199 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the scenario of promising sources of functional foods and preventive drugs, microalgae and cyanobacteria are attracting global attention. In this review, the current and future role of microalgae as natural sources of functional foods for human health and, in particular, for oral health has been reported and discussed in order to provide an overview on the state of art on microalgal effects on human oral health. It is well known that due to their richness in high-valuable products, microalgae offer good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumoral, anti-glycemic, cholesterol-lowering, and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the findings of the present research show that microalgae could also have a significant impact on oral health: several studies agree on the potential application of microalgae for oral cancer prevention as well as for the treatment of chronic periodontitis and different oral diseases with microbial origin. Thus, beneficial effects of microalgae could be implemented in different medical fields. Microalgae and cyanobacteria could represent a potential natural alternative to antibiotic, antiviral, or antimycotic therapies, as well as a good supplement for the prevention and co-adjuvant treatment of different oral diseases. Nevertheless, more studies are required to identify strains of interest, increase overall functioning, and make safe, effective products available for the whole population.
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Oceans as a Source of Immunotherapy. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050282. [PMID: 31083446 PMCID: PMC6562586 DOI: 10.3390/md17050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine flora is taxonomically diverse, biologically active, and chemically unique. It is an excellent resource, which offers great opportunities for the discovery of new biopharmaceuticals such as immunomodulators and drugs targeting cancerous, inflammatory, microbial, and fungal diseases. The ability of some marine molecules to mediate specific inhibitory activities has been demonstrated in a range of cellular processes, including apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cell migration and adhesion. Immunomodulators have been shown to have significant therapeutic effects on immune-mediated diseases, but the search for safe and effective immunotherapies for other diseases such as sinusitis, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma and allergies is ongoing. This review focuses on the marine-originated bioactive molecules with immunomodulatory potential, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of specific agents with respect to their targets. It also addresses the commercial utilization of these compounds for possible drug improvement using metabolic engineering and genomics.
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