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Cheng T, Ge T, Zhao X, Liu Z, Zhao L. Efficient Genetic Transformation and Suicide Plasmid-mediated Genome Editing System for Non-model Microorganism Erwinia persicina. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4956. [PMID: 38841289 PMCID: PMC10958168 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Erwinia persicina is a gram-negative bacterium that causes diseases in plants. Recently, E. persicina BST187 was shown to exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity due to its inhibitory effects on bacterial acetyl-CoA carboxylase, demonstrating promising potential as a biological control agent. However, the lack of suitable genetic manipulation techniques limits its exploitation and industrial application. Here, we developed an efficient transformation system for E. persicina. Using pET28a as the starting vector, the expression cassette of the red fluorescent protein-encoding gene with the strong promoter J23119 was constructed and transformed into BST187 competent cells to verify the overexpression system. Moreover, suicide plasmid-mediated genome editing systems was developed, and lacZ was knocked out of BST187 genome by parental conjugation transfer using the recombinant suicide vector pKNOCK-sacB-km-lacZ. Therefore, both the transformation and suicide plasmid-mediated genome editing system will greatly facilitate genetic manipulations in E. persicina and promote its development and application. Key features • Our studies establish a genetic manipulation system for Erwinia persicina, providing a versatile tool for studying the gene function of non-model microorganisms. • Requires approximately 6-10 days to complete modification of a chromosome locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon
Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
China
| | - Tongling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon
Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for
Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon
Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon
Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon
Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for
Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
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Shrestha A, Limay-Rios V, Brettingham DJL, Raizada MN. Maize pollen carry bacteria that suppress a fungal pathogen that enters through the male gamete fertilization route. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1286199. [PMID: 38269134 PMCID: PMC10806238 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1286199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In flowering plants, after being released from pollen grains, the male gametes use the style channel to migrate towards the ovary where they fertilize awaiting eggs. Environmental pathogens exploit the style passage, resulting in diseased progeny seed. The belief is that pollen also transmits pathogens into the style. By contrast, we hypothesized that pollen carries beneficial microbes that suppress environmental pathogens on the style passage. No prior studies have reported pollen-associated bacterial functions in any plant species. Here, bacteria were cultured from maize (corn) pollen encompassing wild ancestors and farmer-selected landraces from across the Americas, grown in a common field in Canada for one season. In total, 298 bacterial isolates were cultured, spanning 45 genera, 103 species, and 88 OTUs, dominated by Pantoea, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, and Microbacterium. Full-length 16S DNA-based taxonomic profiling showed that 78% of bacterial taxa from the major wild ancestor of maize (Parviglumis teosinte) were present in at least one cultivated landrace. The species names of the bacterial isolates were used to search the pathogen literature systematically; this preliminary evidence predicted that the vast majority of the pollen-associated bacteria analyzed are not maize pathogens. The pollen-associated bacteria were tested in vitro against a style-invading Fusarium pathogen shown to cause Gibberella ear rot (GER): 14 isolates inhibited this pathogen. Genome mining showed that all the anti-Fusarium bacterial species encode phzF, associated with biosynthesis of the natural fungicide, phenazine. To mimic the male gamete migration route, three pollen-associated bacterial strains were sprayed onto styles (silks), followed by Fusarium inoculation; these bacteria reduced GER symptoms and mycotoxin accumulation in progeny seed. Confocal microscopy was used to search for direct evidence that pollen-associated bacteria can defend living silks against Fusarium graminearum (Fg); bacterial strain AS541 (Kluyvera intermedia), isolated from pollen of ancestral Parviglumis, was observed to colonize the susceptible style/silk entry points of Fg (silk epidermis, trichomes, wounds). Furthermore, on style/silk tissue, AS541 colonized/aggregated on Fg hyphae, and was associated with Fg hyphal breaks. These results suggest that pollen has the potential to carry bacteria that can defend the style/silk passage against an environmental pathogen - a novel observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Shrestha
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Limay-Rios
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | | | - Manish N. Raizada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Khalaf EM, Shrestha A, Reid M, McFadyen BJ, Raizada MN. Conservation and diversity of the pollen microbiome of Pan-American maize using PacBio and MiSeq. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1276241. [PMID: 38179444 PMCID: PMC10764481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1276241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollen is a vector for diversification, fitness-selection, and transmission of plant genetic material. The extent to which the pollen microbiome may contribute to host diversification is largely unknown, because pollen microbiome diversity within a plant species has not been reported, and studies have been limited to conventional short-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing (e.g., V4-MiSeq) which suffers from poor taxonomic resolution. Here we report the pollen microbiomes of 16 primitive and traditional accessions of maize (corn) selected by indigenous peoples across the Americas, along with the modern U.S. inbred B73. The maize pollen microbiome has not previously been reported. The pollen microbiomes were identified using full-length (FL) 16S rRNA gene PacBio SMRT sequencing compared to V4-MiSeq. The Pan-American maize pollen microbiome encompasses 765 taxa spanning 39 genera and 46 species, including known plant growth promoters, insect-obligates, plant pathogens, nitrogen-fixers and biocontrol agents. Eleven genera and 13 species composed the core microbiome. Of 765 taxa, 63% belonged to only four genera: 28% were Pantoea, 15% were Lactococcus, 11% were Pseudomonas, and 10% were Erwinia. Interestingly, of the 215 Pantoea taxa, 180 belonged to a single species, P. ananatis. Surprisingly, the diversity within P. ananatis ranged nearly 10-fold amongst the maize accessions analyzed (those with ≥3 replicates), despite being grown in a common field. The highest diversity within P. ananatis occurred in accessions that originated near the center of diversity of domesticated maize, with reduced diversity associated with the north-south migration of maize. This sub-species diversity was revealed by FL-PacBio but missed by V4-MiSeq. V4-MiSeq also mis-identified some dominant genera captured by FL-PacBio. The study, though limited to a single season and common field, provides initial evidence that pollen microbiomes reflect evolutionary and migratory relationships of their host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Khalaf
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Anuja Shrestha
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Reid
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Manish N. Raizada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Thompson MEH, Shrestha A, Rinne J, Limay-Rios V, Reid L, Raizada MN. The Cultured Microbiome of Pollinated Maize Silks Shifts after Infection with Fusarium graminearum and Varies by Distance from the Site of Pathogen Inoculation. Pathogens 2023; 12:1322. [PMID: 38003787 PMCID: PMC10675081 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Styles transmit pollen-derived sperm nuclei from pollen to ovules, but also transmit environmental pathogens. The microbiomes of styles are likely important for reproduction/disease, yet few studies exist. Whether style microbiome compositions are spatially responsive to pathogens is unknown. The maize pathogen Fusarium graminearum enters developing grain through the style (silk). We hypothesized that F. graminearum treatment shifts the cultured transmitting silk microbiome (TSM) compared to healthy silks in a distance-dependent manner. Another objective of the study was to culture microbes for future application. Bacteria were cultured from husk-covered silks of 14 F. graminearum-treated diverse maize genotypes, proximal (tip) and distal (base) to the F. graminearum inoculation site. Long-read 16S sequences from 398 isolates spanned 35 genera, 71 species, and 238 OTUs. More bacteria were cultured from F. graminearum-inoculated tips (271 isolates) versus base (127 isolates); healthy silks were balanced. F. graminearum caused a collapse in diversity of ~20-25% across multiple taxonomic levels. Some species were cultured exclusively or, more often, from F. graminearum-treated silks (e.g., Delftia acidovorans, Klebsiella aerogenes, K. grimontii, Pantoea ananatis, Stenotrophomonas pavanii). Overall, the results suggest that F. graminearum alters the TSM in a distance-dependent manner. Many isolates matched taxa that were previously identified using V4-MiSeq (core and F. graminearum-induced), but long-read sequencing clarified the taxonomy and uncovered greater diversity than was initially predicted (e.g., within Pantoea). These isolates represent the first comprehensive cultured collection from pathogen-treated maize silks to facilitate biocontrol efforts and microbial marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E. H. Thompson
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (M.E.H.T.)
| | - Anuja Shrestha
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (M.E.H.T.)
| | - Jeffrey Rinne
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (M.E.H.T.)
| | - Victor Limay-Rios
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street E, Ridgetown, ON N0P 2C0, Canada
| | - Lana Reid
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Manish N. Raizada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (M.E.H.T.)
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Cheng T, Ge T, Zhao L, Hou Y, Xia J, Zhao L. Improved production of andrimid in Erwinia persicina BST187 strain by fermentation optimization. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:268. [PMID: 37749510 PMCID: PMC10519088 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andrimid is reported to be a novel kind of polyketide-nonribosomal peptide hybrid product (PK-NRPs) that inhibits fatty acid biosynthesis in bacteria. Considering its great potential in biomedicine and biofarming, intensive studies have been conducted to increase the production of andrimid to overcome the excessive costs of chemosynthesis. In screening for species with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, we detected andrimid in the fermentation products of Erwinia persicina BST187. To increase andrimid production, the BST187 fermentation medium formulation and fermentation conditions were optimized by using systematic design of experiments (One-Factor-At-A-Time, Plackett-Burman design, Response Surface Methodology). RESULTS The results indicate that the actual andrimid production reached 140.3 ± 1.28 mg/L under the optimized conditions (trisodium citrate dihydrate-30 g/L, beef extract-17.1 g/L, MgCl2·6H2O-100 mM, inoculation amount-1%, initial pH-7.0, fermentation time-36 h, temperature-19.7℃), which is 20-fold greater than the initial condition without optimization (7.00 ± 0.40 mg/L), consistent with the improved antibacterial effect of the fermentation supernatant. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides valuable information for improving andrimid production via optimization of the fermentation process, which will be of great value in the future industrialization of andrimid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lunqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianye Xia
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Chen W, Modi D, Picot A. Soil and Phytomicrobiome for Plant Disease Suppression and Management under Climate Change: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2736. [PMID: 37514350 PMCID: PMC10384710 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The phytomicrobiome plays a crucial role in soil and ecosystem health, encompassing both beneficial members providing critical ecosystem goods and services and pathogens threatening food safety and security. The potential benefits of harnessing the power of the phytomicrobiome for plant disease suppression and management are indisputable and of interest in agriculture but also in forestry and landscaping. Indeed, plant diseases can be mitigated by in situ manipulations of resident microorganisms through agronomic practices (such as minimum tillage, crop rotation, cover cropping, organic mulching, etc.) as well as by applying microbial inoculants. However, numerous challenges, such as the lack of standardized methods for microbiome analysis and the difficulty in translating research findings into practical applications are at stake. Moreover, climate change is affecting the distribution, abundance, and virulence of many plant pathogens, while also altering the phytomicrobiome functioning, further compounding disease management strategies. Here, we will first review literature demonstrating how agricultural practices have been found effective in promoting soil health and enhancing disease suppressiveness and mitigation through a shift of the phytomicrobiome. Challenges and barriers to the identification and use of the phytomicrobiome for plant disease management will then be discussed before focusing on the potential impacts of climate change on the phytomicrobiome functioning and disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Dixi Modi
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Adeline Picot
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, F-29280 Plouzané, France
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Hallsworth JE, Udaondo Z, Pedrós‐Alió C, Höfer J, Benison KC, Lloyd KG, Cordero RJB, de Campos CBL, Yakimov MM, Amils R. Scientific novelty beyond the experiment. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1131-1173. [PMID: 36786388 PMCID: PMC10221578 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Practical experiments drive important scientific discoveries in biology, but theory-based research studies also contribute novel-sometimes paradigm-changing-findings. Here, we appraise the roles of theory-based approaches focusing on the experiment-dominated wet-biology research areas of microbial growth and survival, cell physiology, host-pathogen interactions, and competitive or symbiotic interactions. Additional examples relate to analyses of genome-sequence data, climate change and planetary health, habitability, and astrobiology. We assess the importance of thought at each step of the research process; the roles of natural philosophy, and inconsistencies in logic and language, as drivers of scientific progress; the value of thought experiments; the use and limitations of artificial intelligence technologies, including their potential for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research; and other instances when theory is the most-direct and most-scientifically robust route to scientific novelty including the development of techniques for practical experimentation or fieldwork. We highlight the intrinsic need for human engagement in scientific innovation, an issue pertinent to the ongoing controversy over papers authored using/authored by artificial intelligence (such as the large language model/chatbot ChatGPT). Other issues discussed are the way in which aspects of language can bias thinking towards the spatial rather than the temporal (and how this biased thinking can lead to skewed scientific terminology); receptivity to research that is non-mainstream; and the importance of theory-based science in education and epistemology. Whereas we briefly highlight classic works (those by Oakes Ames, Francis H.C. Crick and James D. Watson, Charles R. Darwin, Albert Einstein, James E. Lovelock, Lynn Margulis, Gilbert Ryle, Erwin R.J.A. Schrödinger, Alan M. Turing, and others), the focus is on microbiology studies that are more-recent, discussing these in the context of the scientific process and the types of scientific novelty that they represent. These include several studies carried out during the 2020 to 2022 lockdowns of the COVID-19 pandemic when access to research laboratories was disallowed (or limited). We interviewed the authors of some of the featured microbiology-related papers and-although we ourselves are involved in laboratory experiments and practical fieldwork-also drew from our own research experiences showing that such studies can not only produce new scientific findings but can also transcend barriers between disciplines, act counter to scientific reductionism, integrate biological data across different timescales and levels of complexity, and circumvent constraints imposed by practical techniques. In relation to urgent research needs, we believe that climate change and other global challenges may require approaches beyond the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Hallsworth
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Carlos Pedrós‐Alió
- Department of Systems BiologyCentro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC)MadridSpain
| | - Juan Höfer
- Escuela de Ciencias del MarPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Kathleen C. Benison
- Department of Geology and GeographyWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Karen G. Lloyd
- Microbiology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Radamés J. B. Cordero
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and ImmunologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Claudia B. L. de Campos
- Institute of Science and TechnologyUniversidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP)São José dos CamposSPBrazil
| | | | - Ricardo Amils
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC‐UAM)Nicolás Cabrera n° 1, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
- Department of Planetology and HabitabilityCentro de Astrobiología (INTA‐CSIC)Torrejón de ArdozSpain
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Wang LS, Zhang Y, Zhang MQ, Gong DC, Mei YZ, Dai CC. Engineered Phomopsis liquidambaris with Fhb1 and Fhb7 Enhances Resistance to Fusarium graminearum in Wheat. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1391-1404. [PMID: 36625777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight is one of the most serious diseases caused by Fusarium graminearum in wheat. Here, we developed a new way to prevent and control Fusarium head blight by introducing the resistance genes Fhb1 and Fhb7 into the endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris, named PL-Fhb1 and PL-Fhb7, respectively, which could colonize wheat. The wheat seedlings were preinoculated with PL-Fhb1 and PL-Fhb7 to enhance the resistance against deoxynivalenol (DON) and PL-Fhb1 and PL-Fhb7 inhibited the growth of F. graminearum by 73% and 49%, respectively. The incidence rate of diseased spikes decreased to 35.2% and 45.4%, and the corresponding DON levels for wheat grains decreased from 13.2 to 1.79 μg/g and from 13.2 μg/g to 0.39 μg/g when the leaves were preinoculated with PL-Fhb1 and PL-Fhb7 after overwintering, respectively. The incidence rates of diseased spikes decreased to 25.7% and 34.7%, and the DON levels for wheat grains decreased from 17.48 μg/g to 1.23 μg/g and from 17.48 μg/g to 0 μg/g when the wheat flowers were inoculated with PL-Fhb1 and PL-Fhb7, and the wheat flowers were subsequently infected with F. graminearum, respectively. It was confirmed that DON was transformed into DON-glutathione (GSH) by PL-Fhb7 using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). However, PL-Fhb1 may have increased plant immunity and enhanced the resistance to F. graminearum. This study indicates that engineered endophytes can improve the resistance to Fusarium head blight and presents a new method for the biological control of Fusarium head blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Shen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Qian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da-Chun Gong
- China Key Laboratory of Light Industry Functional Yeast, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
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Al-Tammar FK, Khalifa AYZ. Plant growth promoting bacteria drive food security. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e267257. [PMID: 36515299 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The essence of food security centers on ensuring availability and accessibility of foods in adequate amounts and quality for all populations at all times for an active and healthy life. Microorganisms are tiny bioreactors, which represent sustainable resources and promising approaches to bridging the gap between food production and consumption globally via various biotechnological applications. This review focuses on plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) which exert their potential impacts on increasing soil fertility, plant growth, and productivity through a variety of processes, including direct, indirect, and synergistic mechanisms. PGPB plays a substantial role in accelerating nutrients' availability such as (N, P), producing phytohormones such as gibberellins, IAA, and bioactive compounds against biotic and abiotic stressors. Recent advances in PGPB will be addressed as a sustainable approach to satisfy global food demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah K Al-Tammar
- King Faisal University, College of Science, Biological Sciences Department, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Y Z Khalifa
- King Faisal University, College of Science, Biological Sciences Department, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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