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Takumi S, Hashimoto K, Tomioka M, Sato M, He W, Komatsu Y, Aoki S, Ikeda R, Shiozaki K, Furukawa T, Komatsu M. Acteoside from Conandron ramondioides Reduces Microcystin-LR Cytotoxicity by Inhibiting Intracellular Uptake Mediated by OATP1B3. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:616-623. [PMID: 36626925 DOI: 10.1055/a-1978-8768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The hepatotoxin microcystin-LR is a strong inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP) 1 and PP2A. The onset of its cytotoxicity depends on its selective uptake via the hepatocyte uptake transporters, organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3. Understanding and preventing the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR is crucial to maintain human health. This chemoprevention study demonstrates that the herbal plant extract of iwajisha (20 µg/mL) reduced microcystin-LR cytotoxicity in OATP1B3-expressing cells by approximately six times. In addition, 20 µM acteoside, which is one of the major compounds in iwajisha, reduced microcystin-LR cytotoxicity by approximately 7.4 times. Acteoside could also reduce the cytotoxicity of other compounds, such as okadaic acid and nodularin, which are both substrates of OATP1B3 and inhibitors of PP1/PP2A. To investigate the mechanism by which the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR is attenuated by acteosides, microcystin-LR and microcystin-LR-binding proteins in cells were examined after microcystin-LR and acteosides were co-exposed. Thus, acteoside noncompetitively inhibited microcystin-LR uptake by OATP1B3-expressing cells. Furthermore, acteoside inhibited the intracellular interaction of microcystin-LR with its binding protein(s), including the 22 kDa protein. Furthermore, using immunoblot analysis, acteoside induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which is one of the survival signaling molecules. These results suggest that acteoside reduces microcystin-LR cytotoxicity through several mechanisms, including the inhibition of microcystin-LR uptake via OATP1B3, and decreased interaction between microcystin-LR and its binding protein(s), and that ERK signaling activation contributes to the attenuation effect of acteoside against microcystin-LR cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Takumi
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kairi Hashimoto
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masaru Tomioka
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mina Sato
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Weijie He
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yumiko Komatsu
- Department of Domestic Science, Kagoshima Women's College, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shunji Aoki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryuji Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masaharu Komatsu
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Jones MR, Pinto E, Torres MA, Dörr F, Mazur-Marzec H, Szubert K, Tartaglione L, Dell'Aversano C, Miles CO, Beach DG, McCarron P, Sivonen K, Fewer DP, Jokela J, Janssen EML. CyanoMetDB, a comprehensive public database of secondary metabolites from cyanobacteria. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 196:117017. [PMID: 33765498 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms, which frequently contain toxic secondary metabolites, are reported in aquatic environments around the world. More than two thousand cyanobacterial secondary metabolites have been reported from diverse sources over the past fifty years. A comprehensive, publically-accessible database detailing these secondary metabolites would facilitate research into their occurrence, functions and toxicological risks. To address this need we created CyanoMetDB, a highly curated, flat-file, openly-accessible database of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites collated from 850 peer-reviewed articles published between 1967 and 2020. CyanoMetDB contains 2010 cyanobacterial metabolites and 99 structurally related compounds. This has nearly doubled the number of entries with complete literature metadata and structural composition information compared to previously available open access databases. The dataset includes microcytsins, cyanopeptolins, other depsipeptides, anabaenopeptins, microginins, aeruginosins, cyclamides, cryptophycins, saxitoxins, spumigins, microviridins, and anatoxins among other metabolite classes. A comprehensive database dedicated to cyanobacterial secondary metabolites facilitates: (1) the detection and dereplication of known cyanobacterial toxins and secondary metabolites; (2) the identification of novel natural products from cyanobacteria; (3) research on biosynthesis of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites, including substructure searches; and (4) the investigation of their abundance, persistence, and toxicity in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Jones
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, CEP 13418-260 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Torres
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Dörr
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Hanna Mazur-Marzec
- Division of Marine Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Karolina Szubert
- Division of Marine Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Luciana Tartaglione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Dell'Aversano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Christopher O Miles
- Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Nova Scotia, Halifax B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Daniel G Beach
- Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Nova Scotia, Halifax B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Pearse McCarron
- Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Nova Scotia, Halifax B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Kaarina Sivonen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - David P Fewer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Jokela
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabeth M-L Janssen
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
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Brózman O, Kubickova B, Babica P, Laboha P. Microcystin-LR Does Not Alter Cell Survival and Intracellular Signaling in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E165. [PMID: 32156079 PMCID: PMC7150819 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in ecological and environmental factors lead to an increased occurrence of cyanobacterial water blooms, while secondary metabolites-producing cyanobacteria pose a threat to both environmental and human health. Apart from oral and dermal exposure, humans may be exposed via inhalation and/or swallowing of contaminated water and aerosols. Although many studies deal with liver toxicity, less information about the effects in the respiratory system is available. We investigated the effects of a prevalent cyanotoxin, microcystin-LR (MC-LR), using respiratory system-relevant human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. The expression of specific organic-anion-transporting polypeptides was evaluated, and the western blot analysis revealed the formation and accumulation of MC-LR protein adducts in exposed cells. However, MC-LR up to 20 μM neither caused significant cytotoxic effects according to multiple viability endpoints after 48-h exposure, nor reduced impedance (cell layer integrity) over 96 h. Time-dependent increase of putative MC-LR adducts with protein phosphatases was not associated with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38 during 48-h exposure in HBE cells. Future studies addressing human health risks associated with inhalation of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins should focus on complex environmental samples of cyanobacterial blooms and alterations of additional non-cytotoxic endpoints while adopting more advanced in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Brózman
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; (O.B.); (B.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Barbara Kubickova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; (O.B.); (B.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; (O.B.); (B.K.); (P.B.)
- Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Laboha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic; (O.B.); (B.K.); (P.B.)
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Tumor-promoting cyanotoxin microcystin-LR does not induce procarcinogenic events in adult human liver stem cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29534881 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HL1-hT1 cell line represents adult human liver stem cells (LSCs) immortalized with human telomerase reverse transcriptase. In this study, HL1-hT1 cells were found to express mesenchymal markers (vimentin, CD73, CD90/THY-1 and CD105) and an early hepatic endoderm marker FOXA2, while not expressing hepatic progenitor (HNF4A, LGR5, α-fetoprotein) or differentiated hepatocyte markers (albumin, transthyretin, connexin 32). In response to microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a time- and concentration-dependent formation of MC-positive protein bands in HL1-hT1 cells was observed. Cellular accumulation of MC-LR occurred most likely via mechanisms independent on organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) or multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins, as indicated (a) by a gene expression analysis of 11 human OATP genes and 4 major MDR genes (MDR1/P-glycoprotein, MRP1, MRP2 and BCRP); (b) by non-significant effects of OATP or MDR1 inhibitors on MC-LR uptake. Accumulation of MC-positive protein bands in HL1-hT1 cells was associated neither with alterations of cell viability and growth, dysregulations of ERK1/2 and p38 kinases, reactive oxygen species formation, induction of double-stranded DNA breaks nor modulations of stress-inducible genes (ATF3, HSP5). It suggests that LSCs might have a selective, MDR1-independent, survival advantage and higher tolerance towards MC-induced cytotoxic, genotoxic or cancer-related events than differentiated adult hepatocytes, fetal hepatocyte or malignant liver cell lines. HL1-hT1 cells provide a valuable in vitro tool for studying effects of toxicants and pharmaceuticals on LSCs, whose important role in the development of chronic toxicities and liver diseases is being increasingly recognized.
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Microcystins: Synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies toward PP1 and PP2A. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1118-1126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ceballos-Laita L, Marcuello C, Lostao A, Calvo-Begueria L, Velazquez-Campoy A, Bes MT, Fillat MF, Peleato ML. Microcystin-LR Binds Iron, and Iron Promotes Self-Assembly. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4841-4850. [PMID: 28368104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The microcystin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 and its close strain, the nonproducing Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7005, grow similarly in the presence of 17 μM iron. Under severe iron deficient conditions (0.05 μM), the toxigenic strain grows slightly less than in iron-replete conditions, while the nonproducing microcystin strain is not able to grow. Isothermal titration calorimetry performed at cyanobacterial cytosol or meaningful environmental pHs values shows a microcystin-LR dissociaton constant for Fe2+ and Fe3+ of 2.4 μM. Using atomic force microscopy, 40% of microcystin-LR dimers were observed, and the presence of iron promoted its oligomerization up to six units. Microcystin-LR binds also Mo6+, Cu2+, and Mn2+. Polymeric microcystin binding iron may be related with a toxic cell colony advantage, providing enhanced iron bioavailability and perhaps affecting the structure of the gelatinous sheath. Inside cells, with microcystin implicated in the fitness of the photosynthetic machinery under stress conditions, the toxin would be involved in avoiding metal-dependent Fenton reactions when photooxidation causes disassembly of the iron-rich photosystems. Additionally, it could be hypothesized that polymerization-depolymerization dynamics may be an additional signal that could trigger changes (for example, in the binding of microcystin to proteins).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Calvo-Begueria
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
| | - Adrián Velazquez-Campoy
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
| | - María Teresa Bes
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
| | - María F Fillat
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Peleato
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI)-Joint Unit BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Aragón 50018, Spain
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Takumi S, Shimono T, Ikema S, Hotta Y, Chigwechokha PK, Shiozaki K, Sugiyama Y, Hashimoto M, Furukawa T, Komatsu M. Overexpression of carboxylesterase contributes to the attenuation of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR toxicity. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 194:22-27. [PMID: 28163251 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR is a hepatotoxin produced by several cyanobacteria. Its toxicity is mainly due to a inhibition of protein phosphatase, PP1 and PP2A. Previously, we used a cell line stably expressing uptake transporter for microcystin-LR, OATP1B3 (HEK293-OATP1B3 cells). In this study, to determine whether overexpression of carboxylesterase (CES), which degrades ester-group and amide-group, attenuates the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR, we generated the HEK293-OATP1B3/CES2 double-transfected cells. HEK293-OATP1B3/CES2 cells showed high hydrolysis activity of p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA), which is an authentic substrate for esterase. CES activity in HEK293-OATP1B3/CES2 cells was approximately 3-fold higher than that in the HEK293-OATP1B3 cells. HEK293-OATP1B3/CES2 cells (IC50: 25.4±7.7nM) showed approximately 2.1-fold resistance to microcystin-LR than HEK293-OATP1B3 cells (IC50: 12.0±1.5nM). Moreover, the CES inhibition assay and microcystin-agarose pull down assay showed the possibility of the interaction between CES2 and microcystin-LR. Our results indicated that the overexpression of CES2 attenuates the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR via interaction with microcystin-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Takumi
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan; Department of Domestic Science, Kagoshima Women's College, Kagoshima 890-8565, Japan
| | - Tai Shimono
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikema
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Hotta
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Petros K Chigwechokha
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Sugiyama
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Hashimoto
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Clinical Pharmacy, Matsuyama University, 790-8578, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 890-8544 Kagoshima, Japan; Center for the Research of Advanced Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masaharu Komatsu
- Division of Food and Chemical Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 890-0056 Kagoshima, Japan.
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