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Santos AS, Pereira PH, Abrantes PP, Farina C, Maia Neto PA, de Melo e Souza R. Time-Dependent Effective Hamiltonians for Light-Matter Interactions. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 26:527. [PMID: 38920535 PMCID: PMC11203030 DOI: 10.3390/e26060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a systematic approach to building useful time-dependent effective Hamiltonians in molecular quantum electrodynamics. The method is based on considering part of the system as an open quantum system and choosing a convenient unitary transformation based on the evolution operator. We illustrate our formalism by obtaining four Hamiltonians, each suitable to a different class of applications. We show that we may treat several effects of molecular quantum electrodynamics with a direct first-order perturbation theory. In addition, our effective Hamiltonians shed light on interesting physical aspects that are not explicit when employing more standard approaches. As applications, we discuss three examples: two-photon spontaneous emission, resonance energy transfer, and dispersion interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroaldo S. Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-346, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (A.S.S.); (P.H.P.); (R.d.M.e.S.)
- Instituto Federal do Paraná, Telêmaco Borba 84269-090, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pedro H. Pereira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-346, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (A.S.S.); (P.H.P.); (R.d.M.e.S.)
| | - Patrícia P. Abrantes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (P.P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Carlos Farina
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (P.P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Paulo A. Maia Neto
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (P.P.A.); (C.F.)
| | - Reinaldo de Melo e Souza
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-346, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (A.S.S.); (P.H.P.); (R.d.M.e.S.)
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Li Y, Corkery RW, Carretero-Palacios S, Berland K, Esteso V, Fiedler J, Milton KA, Brevik I, Boström M. Origin of anomalously stabilizing ice layers on methane gas hydrates near rock surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6636-6652. [PMID: 36790196 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04883c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gas hydrates (GHs) in water close to freezing temperatures can be stabilised via the formation of ice layers. In a recent work [Boström et al., Astron. Astrophys., A54, 650, 2021], it was found that a surface region with partial gas dilution could be essential for obtaining nano- to micron-sized anomalously stabilizing ice layers. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the Casimir-Lifshitz free energy in multi-layer systems could induce thinner, but more stable, ice layers in cavities than those found for gas hydrates in a large reservoir of cold water. The thickness and stability of such ice layers in a pore filled with cold water could influence the leakage of gas molecules. Additional contributions, e.g. from salt-induced stresses, can also be of importance, and are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. .,Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Robert W Corkery
- Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Mathematics Department, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Acton ACT 2610, Australia
| | - Sol Carretero-Palacios
- Departamento de Física de Materiales and Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristian Berland
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Victoria Esteso
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto F.no 50019, Italy.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, ICMSE-CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Apdo. 1065, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Johannes Fiedler
- Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway.,Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kimball A Milton
- Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA.
| | - Iver Brevik
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mathias Boström
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1048 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre of Excellence ENSEMBLE3 Sp. z o. o., Wolczynska Str. 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
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Schoger T, Spreng B, Ingold GL, Maia Neto PA, Reynaud S. Universal Casimir Interaction between Two Dielectric Spheres in Salted Water. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:230602. [PMID: 35749191 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.230602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We study the Casimir interaction between two dielectric spheres immersed in a salted solution at distances larger than the Debye screening length. The long distance behavior is dominated by the nonscreened interaction due to low-frequency transverse magnetic thermal fluctuations. It shows universality properties in its dependence on geometric dimensions and independence of dielectric functions of the particles, with these properties related to approximate conformal invariance. The universal interaction overtakes nonuniversal contributions at distances of the order of or larger than 0.1 μm, with a magnitude of the order of the thermal scale k_{B}T such as to make it important for the modeling of colloids and biological interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Schoger
- Universität Augsburg, Institut für Physik, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Spreng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | | | - Paulo A Maia Neto
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Serge Reynaud
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL, Collège de France, Campus Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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Božič A, Podgornik R. Site Correlations, Capacitance, and Polarizability From Protein Protonation Fluctuations. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12902-12908. [PMID: 34784480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We generalize the Kirkwood-Shumaker theory of protonation fluctuation for an anisotropic distribution of dissociable charges on a globular protein. The fluctuations of the total charge and the total dipole moment, in contrast to their average values, depend on the same proton occupancy correlator, thus exhibiting a similar dependence also on the solution pH. This has important consequences for the Kirkwood-Shumaker interaction and its dependence on the bathing solution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anže Božič
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Rudolf Podgornik
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Wenzhou Institute of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
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