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Cao X, Liu B, Wang Z, Pang T, Sun L, Kondo H, Li J, Andika IB, Chi S. Identification of a novel member of the genus Laulavirus (family Phenuiviridae) from the entomopathogenic ascomycete fungus Cordyceps javanica. Arch Virol 2024; 169:166. [PMID: 38995418 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The virus family Phenuiviridae (order Hareavirales, comprising segmented negative-sense single stranded RNA viruses) has highly diverse members that are known to infect animals, plants, protozoans, and fungi. In this study, we identified a novel phenuivirus infecting a strain of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps javanica isolated from a small brown plant hopper (Laodelphax striatellus), and this virus was tentatively named "Cordyceps javanica negative-strand RNA virus 1" (CjNRSV1). The CjNRSV1 genome consists of three negative-sense single stranded RNA segments (RNA1-3) with lengths of 7252, 2401, and 1117 nt, respectively. The 3'- and 5'-terminal regions of the RNA1, 2, and 3 segments have identical sequences, and the termini of the RNA segments are complementary to each other, reflecting a common characteristic of viruses in the order Hareavirales. RNA1 encodes a large protein (∼274 kDa) containing a conserved domain for the bunyavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) superfamily, with 57-80% identity to the RdRP encoded by phenuiviruses in the genus Laulavirus. RNA2 encodes a protein (∼79 kDa) showing sequence similarity (47-63% identity) to the movement protein (MP, a plant viral cell-to-cell movement protein)-like protein (MP-L) encoded by RNA2 of laulaviruses. RNA3 encodes a protein (∼28 kDa) with a conserved domain of the phenuivirid nucleocapsid protein superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis using the RdRPs of various phenuiviruses and other unclassified phenuiviruses showed CjNRSV1 to be grouped with established members of the genus Laulavirus. Our results suggest that CjNRSV1 is a novel fungus-infecting member of the genus Laulavirus in the family Phenuiviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Cao
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Shouguang International Vegetable Sci-Tech Fair Management Service Center, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tianxing Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Liying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, China
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Junmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ida Bagus Andika
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Shengqi Chi
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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2
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Xu M, Liu H, Jia X, Zou X, Lu Y, Sui L, Li Q, Zhang Z, Liu J. The complete genome sequences of a negative single-stranded RNA virus and a double-stranded RNA virus coinfecting the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin. Arch Virol 2024; 169:42. [PMID: 38332318 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin is an entomopathogenic fungus that has been developed as a biological insecticide. B. bassiana can be infected by single or multiple mycoviruses, most of which are double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses, while infections with single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, especially negative single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viruses, have been observed less frequently. In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete genomes of two new different mycoviruses coinfecting a single B. bassiana strain: a -ssRNA virus which we have named "Beauveria bassiana negative-strand RNA virus 1" (BbNSRV1), and a dsRNA virus, which we have named "Beauveria bassiana orthocurvulavirus 1" (BbOCuV1). The genome of BbNSRV1 consists of a single segment of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA with a length of 6169 nt, containing a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with 1949 aa (220.1 kDa). BLASTx analysis showed that the RdRp had the highest sequence similarity (59.79%) to that of Plasmopara viticola lesion associated mononegaambi virus 2, a member of the family Mymonaviridae. This is the first report of a -ssRNA mycovirus infecting B. bassiana. The genome of BbOCuV1 consists of two dsRNA segments, 2164 bp and 1765 bp in length, respectively, with dsRNA1 encoding a protein with conserved RdRp motifs and 70.75% sequence identity to the putative RdRp of the taxonomically unassigned mycovirus Fusarium graminearum virus 5 (FgV5), and the dsRNA2 encoding a putative coat protein with sequence identity 64.26% to the corresponding protein of the FgV5. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that BbOCuV1 belongs to a taxonomically unassigned group of dsRNA mycoviruses related to members of the families Curvulaviridae and Partitiviridae. Hence, it might be the member of a new family that remains to be named and formally recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Xu
- Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xue Jia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaowei Zou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Yizhuo Lu
- Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Li Sui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qiyun Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Zhengkun Zhang
- Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China.
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, Changchun, 130033, China.
- Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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3
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Hwang DY, Kim S, Woo SD, Shin TY, Coutts RHA, Kotta-Loizou I. Incidence of putative RNA mycoviruses in entomopathogenic fungi in Korea. Arch Virol 2023; 168:145. [PMID: 37076649 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi have potential as biocontrol agents against insect pests, and mycovirus-mediated hypervirulence may enhance their efficacy. Before initiating research on hypervirulence, the presence or absence of double-stranded (ds) RNA elements was determined in 94 Korean entomopathogenic fungi. dsRNA elements varying in size from ca. 0.8 to 7 kbp were found in 14.9% (14/94) of the strains examined, including Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium pemphigi, M. pinghaense, M. rileyi, and Cordyceps fumosorosea. This study provides information on the incidence and electrophoretic banding patterns of dsRNA elements and is the first report of mycoviruses entomopathogenic fungi in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Young Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Seulki Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Soo Dong Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture, Life & Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, 28644, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Tae Young Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonju, Korea.
| | - Robert H A Coutts
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, Hatfield, UK
| | - Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, Hatfield, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
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4
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Villan Larios DC, Diaz Reyes BM, Pirovani CP, Loguercio LL, Santos VC, Góes-Neto A, Fonseca PLC, Aguiar ERGR. Exploring the Mycovirus Universe: Identification, Diversity, and Biotechnological Applications. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030361. [PMID: 36983529 PMCID: PMC10052124 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses that infect fungi are known as mycoviruses and are characterized by the lack of an extracellular phase. In recent years, the advances on nucleic acids sequencing technologies have led to a considerable increase in the number of fungi-infecting viral species described in the literature, with a special interest in assessing potential applications as fungal biocontrol agents. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive review using Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases to mine mycoviruses data to explore their molecular features and their use in biotechnology. Our results showed the existence of 267 mycovirus species, of which 189 are recognized by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). The majority of the mycoviruses identified have a dsRNA genome (38.6%), whereas the Botourmiaviridae (ssRNA+) alone represents 14% of all mycoviruses diversity. Regarding fungal hosts, members from the Sclerotinicaeae appeared as the most common species described to be infected by mycoviruses, with 16 different viral families identified so far. It is noteworthy that such results are directly associated with the high number of studies and strategies used to investigate the presence of viruses in members of the Sclerotinicaeae family. The knowledge about replication strategy and possible impact on fungi biology is available for only a small fraction of the mycoviruses studied, which is the main limitation for considering these elements potential targets for biotechnological applications. Altogether, our investigation allowed us to summarize the general characteristics of mycoviruses and their hosts, the consequences, and the implications of this knowledge on mycovirus–fungi interactions, providing an important source of information for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Carolina Villan Larios
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Brayan Maudiel Diaz Reyes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Leandro Lopes Loguercio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Vinícius Castro Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
| | - Paula Luize Camargos Fonseca
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Correspondence: (P.L.C.F.); (E.R.G.R.A.)
| | - Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha Aguiar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Genetics, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (D.C.V.L.); (B.M.D.R.); (C.P.P.); (L.L.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.L.C.F.); (E.R.G.R.A.)
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5
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da Silva Camargo M, Geremia F, Sbaraini N, Staats CC, Filho MS, Schrank A. Molecular characterization of a novel victorivirus (order Ghabrivirales, family Totiviridae) infecting Metarhizium anisopliae. Arch Virol 2023; 168:83. [PMID: 36757570 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the occurrence and complete genome sequence of a novel victorivirus infecting Metarhizium anisopliae, named "Metarhizium anisopliae victorivirus 1" (MaVV1). The genome is 5353 bp in length and contains two open reading frames (ORFs), encoding a coat protein and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), that overlap at the octanucleotide sequence AUGAGUAA. These ORFs showed sequence similarity to the corresponding ORFs of Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus L (68.23%) and Ustilaginoidea virens RNA virus 13 (58.11%), respectively, both of which belong to the family Totiviridae. Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp sequences revealed that MaVV1 clustered with members of the genus Victorivirus. This is the first genome sequence reported for a virus belonging to the genus Victorivirus infecting the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus da Silva Camargo
- Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Deparment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Geremia
- Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Deparment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicolau Sbaraini
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Charley Christian Staats
- Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Deparment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcio Silva Filho
- Department of Genetics, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schrank
- Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Deparment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Cellular and Molecular Biology of Filamentous Fungi Laboratory, Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 9500 Bento Gonçalves AveLab 217, Campus Box 43421, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil.
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6
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Li L, Kang Q, Zhang S, Hai D, Lu Y, Sui L, Zhang Z, Li Q. The complete genome sequence of a novel chrysovirus from the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin. Arch Virol 2021; 166:3443-3447. [PMID: 34553285 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fungus, is used for arthropod pest control worldwide. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of a novel double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycovirus, Beauveria bassiana chrysovirus 2 (BbCV-2), isolated from a Chinese B. bassiana strain. The genome sequence of the virus was determined by metagenomic sequencing, RT-PCR, and RACE cloning and was found to consist of four dsRNA segments that are 3441 bp, 2779 bp, 2925 bp, and 2688 bp long, respectively. Each dsRNA segment contains a single ORF. The ORF of dsRNA1 encodes a 1114-amino-acid (aa) protein (123.4 kDa) with a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) motif, the sequence of which showed the highest identity of only 16.13% to that of Beauveria bassiana chrysovirus-1 (BbCV-1). The ORF of dsRNA2 encodes an 805-aa coat protein (CP) (84.7 kDa). The ORFs of dsRNAs 3 and 4 encodes proteins of undetermined function. The virus is a new member of the family Chrysoviridae from B. bassiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Kang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Du Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sui
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkun Zhang
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiyun Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China. .,College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Mizutani Y, Uesaka K, Ota A, Calassanzio M, Ratti C, Suzuki T, Fujimori F, Chiba S. De novo Sequencing of Novel Mycoviruses From Fusarium sambucinum: An Attempt on Direct RNA Sequencing of Viral dsRNAs. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:641484. [PMID: 33927702 PMCID: PMC8076516 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.641484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of viruses are continuously being found in a wide range of organisms, including fungi. Recent studies have revealed a wide viral diversity in microbes and a potential importance of these viruses in the natural environment. Although virus exploration has been accelerated by short-read, high-throughput sequencing (HTS), and viral de novo sequencing is still challenging because of several biological/molecular features such as micro-diversity and secondary structure of RNA genomes. This study conducted de novo sequencing of multiple double-stranded (ds) RNA (dsRNA) elements that were obtained from fungal viruses infecting two Fusarium sambucinum strains, FA1837 and FA2242, using conventional HTS and long-read direct RNA sequencing (DRS). De novo assembly of the read data from both technologies generated near-entire genomic sequence of the viruses, and the sequence homology search and phylogenetic analysis suggested that these represented novel species of the Hypoviridae, Totiviridae, and Mitoviridae families. However, the DRS-based consensus sequences contained numerous indel errors that differed from the HTS consensus sequences, and these errors hampered accurate open reading frame (ORF) prediction. Although with its present performance, the use of DRS is premature to determine viral genome sequences, the DRS-mediated sequencing shows great potential as a user-friendly platform for a one-shot, whole-genome sequencing of RNA viruses due to its long-reading ability and relative structure-tolerant nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiyoshi Mizutani
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuma Uesaka
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayane Ota
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Matteo Calassanzio
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Ratti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Fujimori
- Graduate School of Humanities and Life Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University, Itabashi, Japan
| | - Sotaro Chiba
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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8
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Filippou C, Diss RM, Daudu JO, Coutts RHA, Kotta-Loizou I. The Polymycovirus-Mediated Growth Enhancement of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana Is Dependent on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:606366. [PMID: 33603722 PMCID: PMC7884332 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.606366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymycoviridae is a growing family of mycoviruses whose members typically have non-conventional capsids and multi-segmented, double-stranded (ds) RNA genomes. Beauveria bassiana polymycovirus (BbPmV) 1 is known to enhance the growth and virulence of its fungal host, the entomopathogenic ascomycete and popular biological control agent B. bassiana. Here we report the complete sequence of BbPmV-3, which has six genomic dsRNA segments. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein sequences revealed that BbPmV-3 is closely related to the partially sequenced BbPmV-2 but not BbPmV-1. Nevertheless, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 have similar effects on their respective host isolates ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm, affecting pigmentation, sporulation, and radial growth. Production of conidia and radial growth are significantly enhanced in virus-infected isolates as compared to virus-free isogenic lines on Czapek-Dox complete and minimal media that contain sucrose and sodium nitrate. However, this polymycovirus-mediated effect on growth is dependent on the carbon and nitrogen sources available to the host fungus. Both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 increase growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sucrose is replaced by lactose, trehalose, glucose, or glycerol, while the effect is reversed on maltose and fructose. Similarly, both BbPmV-3 and BbPmV-1 decrease growth of ATHUM 4946 and EABb 92/11-Dm when sodium nitrate is replaced by sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate, or ammonium nitrate. In conclusion, the effects of polymycoviruses on B. bassiana are at least partially mediated via its metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Filippou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca M Diss
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John O Daudu
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H A Coutts
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Cross ST, Maertens BL, Dunham TJ, Rodgers CP, Brehm AL, Miller MR, Williams AM, Foy BD, Stenglein MD. Partitiviruses Infecting Drosophila melanogaster and Aedes aegypti Exhibit Efficient Biparental Vertical Transmission. J Virol 2020; 94:e01070-20. [PMID: 32759315 PMCID: PMC7527066 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01070-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Partitiviruses are segmented, multipartite double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses that until recently were only known to infect fungi, plants, and protozoans. Metagenomic surveys have revealed that partitivirus-like sequences are also commonly associated with arthropods. One arthropod-associated partitivirus, galbut virus, is common in wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster To begin to understand the processes that underlie this virus's high global prevalence, we established colonies of wild-caught infected flies. Infection remained at stably high levels over 3 years, with between 63 and 100% of individual flies infected. Galbut virus infects fly cells and replicates in tissues throughout infected adults, including reproductive tissues and the gut epithelium. We detected no evidence of horizontal transmission via ingestion, but vertical transmission from either infected females or infected males was ∼100% efficient. Vertical transmission of a related partitivirus, verdadero virus, that we discovered in a laboratory colony of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes was similarly efficient. This suggests that efficient biparental vertical transmission may be a feature of at least a subset of insect-infecting partitiviruses. To study the impact of galbut virus infection free from the confounding effect of other viruses, we generated an inbred line of flies with galbut virus as the only detectable virus infection. We were able to transmit infection experimentally via microinjection of homogenate from these galbut-only flies. This sets the stage for experiments to understand the biological impact and possible utility of partitiviruses infecting model organisms and disease vectors.IMPORTANCE Galbut virus is a recently discovered partitivirus that is extraordinarily common in wild populations of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster Like for most viruses discovered through metagenomics, most of the basic biological questions about this virus remain unanswered. We found that galbut virus, along with a closely related partitivirus found in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, is transmitted from infected females or males to offspring with ∼100% efficiency and can be maintained in laboratory colonies over years. This efficient transmission mechanism likely underlies the successful spread of these viruses through insect populations. We created Drosophila lines that contained galbut virus as the only virus infection and showed that these flies can be used as a source for experimental infections. This provides insight into how arthropod-infecting partitiviruses may be maintained in nature and sets the stage for exploration of their biology and potential utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun T Cross
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Bernadette L Maertens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Tillie J Dunham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Case P Rodgers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Ali L Brehm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Megan R Miller
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Alissa M Williams
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian D Foy
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark D Stenglein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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10
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Kotta-Loizou I. Mycoviruses: Past, Present, and Future. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040361. [PMID: 31010228 PMCID: PMC6520932 DOI: 10.3390/v11040361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ioly Kotta-Loizou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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