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Cui Y, Wang M, Cheng A, Zhang W, Yang Q, Tian B, Ou X, Huang J, Wu Y, Zhang S, Sun D, He Y, Zhao X, Wu Z, Zhu D, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M. The precise function of alphaherpesvirus tegument proteins and their interactions during the viral life cycle. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1431672. [PMID: 39015737 PMCID: PMC11250606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1431672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Alphaherpesvirus is a widespread pathogen that causes diverse diseases in humans and animals and can severely damage host health. Alphaherpesvirus particles comprise a DNA core, capsid, tegument and envelope; the tegument is located between the nuclear capsid and envelope. According to biochemical and proteomic analyses of alphaherpesvirus particles, the tegument contains at least 24 viral proteins and plays an important role in the alphaherpesvirus life cycle. This article reviews the important role of tegument proteins and their interactions during the viral life cycle to provide a reference and inspiration for understanding alphaherpesvirus infection pathogenesis and identifying new antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu He
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Wu L, Wang M, Cheng A, Tian B, Huang J, Wu Y, Yang Q, Ou X, Sun D, Zhang S, Zhao X, Gao Q, He Y, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Jia R. Duck plague virus tegument protein vp22 plays a key role in the secondary envelopment and cell-to-cell spread. Vet Res 2023; 54:60. [PMID: 37461115 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Duck plague virus (DPV) is one of the major infectious and fatal diseases of geese, ducks, and other wild waterfowl. The DPV UL49 gene product VP22 is one of the most abundant tegument proteins. However, the role of the DPV VP22 is enigmatic to be clarified. In this study, we found deletion of the UL49 gene resulted in reduced viral growth curve and smaller plaque size in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF) cells, confirming that DPV VP22 is required for efficient viral growth in vitro. In addition, deletion of the UL49 gene inhibited the secondary envelopment of the virus, the release of viral particles, and the spread of viruses between cells. Our study signified the importance of VP22 for DPV secondary envelopment, release, cell-to-cell spread, and accumulation of viral RNA. These findings provide a basis for further study of the function of VP22 in DPV or other herpesviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bin Tian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu He
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, 611130, Sichuan, China
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Ning Y, Huang Y, Wang M, Cheng A, Yang Q, Wu Y, Tian B, Ou X, Huang J, Mao S, Sun D, Zhao X, Zhang S, Gao Q, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Jia R. Alphaherpesvirus glycoprotein E: A review of its interactions with other proteins of the virus and its application in vaccinology. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970545. [PMID: 35992696 PMCID: PMC9386159 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The viral envelope glycoprotein E (gE) is required for cell-to-cell transmission, anterograde and retrograde neurotransmission, and immune evasion of alphaherpesviruses. gE can also interact with other proteins of the virus and perform various functions in the virus life cycle. In addition, the gE gene is often the target gene for the construction of gene-deleted attenuated marker vaccines. In recent years, new progress has been made in the research and vaccine application of gE with other proteins of the virus. This article reviews the structure of gE, the relationship between gE and other proteins of the virus, and the application of gE in vaccinology, which provides useful information for further research on gE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Ning
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yalin Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Anchun Cheng,
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Sun A, Yang S, Luo J, Teng M, Xu Y, Wang R, Zhu X, Zheng L, Wu Y, Yao Y, Nair V, Zhang G, Zhuang G. UL28 and UL33 homologs of Marek's disease virus terminase complex involved in the regulation of cleavage and packaging of viral DNA are indispensable for replication in cultured cells. Vet Res 2021; 52:20. [PMID: 33579382 PMCID: PMC7881644 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Processing and packaging of herpesvirus genomic DNA is regulated by a packaging-associated terminase complex comprising of viral proteins pUL15, pUL28 and pUL33. Marek’s disease virus (MDV) homologs UL28 and UL33 showed conserved functional features with high sequence identity with the corresponding Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) homologs. As part of the investigations into the role of the UL28 and UL33 homologs of oncogenic MDV for DNA packaging and replication in cultured cells, we generated MDV mutant clones deficient in UL28 or UL33 of full-length MDV genomes. Transfection of UL28- or UL33-deleted BAC DNA into chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) did not result either in the production of visible virus plaques, or detectable single cell infection after passaging onto fresh CEF cells. However, typical MDV plaques were detectable in CEF transfected with the DNA of revertant mutants where the deleted genes were precisely reinserted. Moreover, the replication defect of the UL28-deficient mutant was completely restored when fragment encoding the full UL28 gene was co-transfected into CEF cells. Viruses recovered from the revertant construct, as well as by the UL28 co-transfection, showed replication ability comparable with parental virus. Furthermore, the transmission electron microscopy study indicated that immature capsids were assembled without the UL28 expression, but with the loss of infectivity. Importantly, predicted three-dimensional structures of UL28 between MDV and HSV-1 suggests conserved function in virus replication. For the first time, these results revealed that both UL28 and UL33 are essential for MDV replication through regulating DNA cleavage and packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaikang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Man Teng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yijie Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford, GU24 0NF, Surrey, UK
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs & Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.,UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research On Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guoqing Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China. .,International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wu L, Cheng A, Wang M, Jia R, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhu D, Zhao X, Chen S, Liu M, Zhang S, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Wen X, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang L, Tian B, Pan L, Chen X. Alphaherpesvirus Major Tegument Protein VP22: Its Precise Function in the Viral Life Cycle. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1908. [PMID: 32849477 PMCID: PMC7427429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alphaherpesviruses are zoonotic pathogens that can cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals and severely damage health. Alphaherpesvirus infection is a slow and orderly process that can lie dormant for the lifetime of the host but may be reactivated when the immune system is compromised. All alphaherpesviruses feature a protein layer called the tegument that lies between the capsid and the envelope. Virus protein (VP) 22 is one of the most highly expressed tegument proteins; there are more than 2,000 copies of this protein in each viral particle. VP22 can interact with viral proteins, cellular proteins, and chromatin, and these interactions play important roles. This review summarizes the latest literature and discusses the roles of VP22 in viral gene transcription, protein synthesis, virion assembly, and viral cell-to-cell spread with the purpose of enhancing understanding of the life cycle of herpesviruses and other pathogens in host cells. The molecular interaction information herein provides important reference data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuming Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinjian Wen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Leichang Pan
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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6
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Mi R, Fan W, Ji J, Dong C, Jin G, Liu F. The enhanced efficacy of herpes simplex virus by lentivirus mediated VP22 and cytosine deaminase gene therapy against glioma. Brain Res 2020; 1743:146898. [PMID: 32439343 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite the comprehensive treatment of surgery following by concurrent radiochemotherapy, the prognosis of malignant glioma remains unsatisfactory with an awful median survival time of only 12-18 months. This might be improved by the development of oncolytic herpes simplex virus. However, the biggest challenge of recombinant herpes simplex virus (rHSV) lies in their limited therapeutic efficiency in clinical trials. This study aims to enhance the efficacy of rHSV against glioma by a HSV-1 tegument protein VP22 modified cytosine deaminase/5-flurocytosine (CD/5-FC) suicide gene system. Stable glioma cell lines carrying CD or VP22-CD fusion gene were successfully obtained by lentiviral infection following Fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The lethal effect of the prodrug 5-FC was significantly increased in the transduced VP22-CD glioma cells compared to the transduced CD glioma cells. Interestingly, VP22 was found to elicit the enhanced efficacy of rHSV-1 against glioma. Furthermore, we detected a synergistic efficacy of rHSV-1 combined with lentivirus mediated VP22 and CD suicide gene therapy in the orthotopic glioma xenograft models. In conclusion, we successfully established the stable cell lines carrying VP22-CD fusion genes. The incorporation of VP22 further induced an enhanced efficacy of rHSV-1 as well as CD suicide gene therapy respectively and synthetically in vitro. Also, we demonstrated an increased therapeutic benefit of rHAV-1 by VP22 modified CD gene therapy against glioma in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Mi
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Wenhua Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin Central Hospital for Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiayu Ji
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Chengyuan Dong
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Guishan Jin
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing 100070, China.
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