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Wang Z, Geng Z, Zhou H, Chen P, Qian J, Guo A. Genetic Characterization, Pathogenicity, and Epidemiology Analysis of Three Sub-Genotype Pigeon Newcastle Disease Virus Strains in China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:738. [PMID: 38674682 PMCID: PMC11051795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigeon Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious infectious illness caused by the pigeon Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or Paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1). Genotype VI NDV is a primary factor in ND among Columbiformes (such as pigeons and doves). In a recent study, eight pigeon NDV strains were discovered in various provinces in China. These viruses exhibited mesogenic characteristics based on their MDT and ICPI values. The complete genome sequences of these eight strains showed a 90.40% to 99.19% identity match with reference strains of genotype VI, and a 77.86% to 80.45% identity match with the genotype II vaccine strain. Additionally, analysis of the F gene sequence revealed that these NDV strains were closely associated with sub-genotypes VI.2.2.2, VI.2.1.1.2.1, and VI.2.1.1.2.2. The amino acid sequence at the cleavage site of the F protein indicated virulent characteristics, with the sequences 112KRQKRF117 and 112RRQKRF117 observed. Pigeons infected with these sub-genotype strains had a low survival rate of only 20% to 30%, along with lesions in multiple tissues, highlighting the strong spread and high pathogenicity of these pigeon NDV strains. Molecular epidemiology data from the GenBank database revealed that sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 strains have been prevalent since 2011. In summary, the findings demonstrate that the prevalence of genotype VI NDV is due to strains from diverse sub-genotypes, with the sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 strain emerging as the current epidemic strain, highlighting the significance of monitoring pigeon NDV in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
- Zhoukou Animal and Plant Disease Prevention and Control Center, Zhoukou 466000, China
| | - Zhengyang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
| | - Pengju Chen
- Henan Institute of Modern Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.W.)
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2
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Cui S, Xiong H, Feng Z, Chu Y, Que C, Qin J, Pan Y, Yu K, Jia L, Yao X, Liao J, Huo D, Guo C, Zhao H, Xu M, Tian Y, Peng Q, Li F, Xu H, Hong R, Zhang D, Wang G, Yang P, Gao GF, Wang Q. Severe pigeon paramyxovirus 1 infection in a human case with probable post-COVID-19 condition. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2251600. [PMID: 37606967 PMCID: PMC10469423 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2251600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic host variant of avian paramyxovirus 1. Sporadic outbreaks of PPMV-1 infection have occurred in pigeons in China; however, few cases of human PPMV-1 infection have been reported. The purpose of this article is to report a case of severe human PPMV-1 infection in an individual with probable post-COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID) who presented with rapidly progressing pulmonary infection. The patient was a 66-year-old man who was admitted to the intensive care unit 11 days after onset of pneumonia and recovered 64 days after onset. PPMV-1 was isolated from the patient's sputum and in cloacal smear samples from domesticated pigeons belonging to the patient's neighbour. Residual severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was detected in respiratory and anal swab samples from the patient. Sequencing analyses revealed that the PPMV-1 genome belonged to genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 and had the 112RRQKRF117 motif in the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is indicative of high virulence. This case of cross-species transmission of PPMV-1 from a pigeon to a human highlights the risk of severe PPMV-1 infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with long COVID. Enhanced surveillance for increased risk of severe viral infection is warranted in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Cui
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Feng
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengli Que
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingning Qin
- Xicheng District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Pan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunyao Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Jia
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yao
- Department of infection control, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Huo
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiyan Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Emergency, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runsheng Hong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daitao Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Li Y, Liu J, Wang W, Bai J, Yang Z, Liu H, Xiao S. A pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolated from racing pigeon as an inactivated vaccine candidate provides effective protection. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102097. [PMID: 36055029 PMCID: PMC9449850 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1), a variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), causes severe Newcastle disease (ND) in pigeons. However, there is no PPMV-1 vaccine available worldwide. In this study, a strain of PPMV-1 was isolated from outbreaks in a vaccinated racing pigeon (Columbia livia) loft in China, namely, PPMV-1/pigeon/Gansu/China/02/2020 (GS02). Experimental infection with GS02 showed mortality rates of 100% and 87.50% in 4- and 12-week-old pigeons, respectively, suggesting that GS02 is virulent and more sensitive to young pigeons. The whole genome of GS02 determined the fusion (F) protein possessing virulence cleavage site 112RRQKRF117. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GS02 was a subgenotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 (VIk) of Class II NDV and more closely related to the JS/06/20/Pi (MW271791) strain, but it was far from the genetic distance from the commercial vaccine chicken-origin La Sota strain. Using inactivated GS02 as a vaccine candidate and inactivated vaccine La Sota to immunize the pigeons, both of them provided complete protection against GS02 challenge. The GS02 vaccine candidate induced higher antibody titers than the La Sota vaccine, and cross-reactivity testing showed antigenically slight differences between GS02 and La Sota. These results indicated that the GS02 candidate could be a potential pigeon-derived vaccine for the prevention and control of PPMV-1 in pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weifan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongkun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zengqi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Yu X, Luo Y, Wang J, Shu B, Jiang W, Liu S, Li Y, Li J, Hou G, Peng C, Wang S, Yuan L, Yu J, Liu H, Wang Z. A molecular, epidemiological and pathogenicity analysis of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 viruses isolated from live bird markets in China in 2014-2021. Virus Res 2022; 318:198846. [PMID: 35691423 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To expand our understanding of the epidemiology of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) in China, risk-based active surveillance was undertaken with pigeon swabs collected from live bird markets in 2014-2021. Seventy-six PPMV-1 strains were isolated from 12 provinces (60%) of the 20 provinces surveyed, and the positive rates of PPMV-1 varied from 0.50% to 3.19% annually. The complete genomic sequences of 18 representative viruses were analyzed, revealing a genome of 15,192 nucleotides, with the gene order 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. All isolates contained the 112RRQKRF117 cleavage site in the fusion (F) protein, a characteristic generally associated with virulent Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs), and the intracerebral pathogenicity index values (1.05-1.41) of four isolates indicated their virulence. A challenge experiment also demonstrated that all four isolates are pathogenic to pigeons, with morbidity rates of 60-100% and mortality rates of 0-30%. A further analysis of the functional domains of the F and HN proteins revealed several mutations in the fusion peptide, signal peptide, neutralizing epitopes, heptad repeat region, and transmembrane domains, and the substitution of cysteine residue 25 (C25Y) and substitutions in the HRb region (V287I) of the F protein and the transmembrane domain (V45A) of the HN protein may play important roles in PPMV-1 virulence. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the complete sequences of the F gene, all eighteen isolates all clustered into sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 (VIb) in class II, and shared high nucleotide sequence identity, indicating that the PPMV-1 strains in sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 are the predominant PPMV-1 viruses in pigeons in China and that the variations in these viruses have been relatively stable over the past 8 years. This study identifies the genetic and pathogenicity characteristics of the PPMV-1 strains prevalent in China and extends our understanding of the prevalence of this virus in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
| | - Yaoyao Luo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Bo Shu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jinping Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Guangyu Hou
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Suchun Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Liping Yuan
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Jianmin Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
| | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China.
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5
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Zhan T, He D, Lu X, Liao T, Wang W, Chen Q, Liu X, Gu M, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Biological Characterization and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type 1 in China. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:721102. [PMID: 34722696 PMCID: PMC8548471 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is considered as an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which has an obvious host preference for pigeons and has caused significant economic losses to the global poultry industry. The evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 in China, however, are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized seven PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons collected in Jiangsu, Anhui, and Henan provinces during 2020. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that seven isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. Biological characterization indicated that seven isolates were mesogenic based on the mean death time (69.6-91.2 h) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.19-1.40) and had similar growth kinetics in chicken embryos and CEFs. Furthermore, the four representative viruses (AH/01/20/Pi, JS/06/20/Pi, HN/01/20/Pi, and HN/02/20/Pi) could result in marked cytopathic effects (CPE) in CEFs and induced syncytium formation in Vero cells. Our Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that PPMV-1 might first emerge in East China in 1974 and East China had the highest genotypic diversity of PPMV-1. Besides, phylogeographic analysis indicated that East China and South China were probably the major epicenters of dissemination of PPMV-1 in China. Selection pressure analysis and amino acid substitutions analysis revealed that the viral replication complex (NP, P, and L proteins) was likely related with the host preference of PPMV-1. Collectively, this study uncovered the epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of PPMV-1 circulating in China, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the monitoring of PPMV-1 in East China and South China and providing significant clues for further studies on the molecular mechanism underlying host preference of PPMV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Liao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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6
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Zhan T, Lu X, He D, Gao X, Chen Y, Hu Z, Wang X, Hu S, Liu X. Phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity assessment of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 circulating in China during 2007-2019. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:2076-2088. [PMID: 34213072 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) is an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) which is mainly associated with infections of pigeons and has the potential to result in disease in chickens. In this study, we characterised 21 PPMV-1 isolates from diseased pigeons in China during 2007-2019. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to genotype VI. Among them, most isolates belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2, suggesting that VI.2.1.1.2.2 has become a prevalent genotype in pigeons in China. The results showed that all PPMV-1 isolates were mesogenic in nature according to the mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI). In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that two genetically closely related isolates (Pi-11 and Pi-10) both of which belonged to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2 had similar replication kinetics in cells derived from pigeons, while the replication titre of Pi-11 was significantly higher than that of Pi-10 in cells derived from chickens. Pi-11 and Pi-10 could contribute to morbidity and mortality in pigeons. Remarkably, although the two viruses resulted in no apparent disease symptom in chickens, Pi-11 could cause more severe histopathological lesions and had a stronger replication ability in chickens compared to Pi-10. Moreover, chickens infected with Pi-11 had higher shedding efficiency than chickens infected with Pi-10. Additionally, several mutations within important functional regions of the fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins might be associated with different pathogenicity of the two viruses in chickens. Collectively, these results indicated that the Pi-11-like virus of pigeon origin has the potential to induce severe outbreaks in chicken flocks. These findings will help us better understand the epidemiology and evolution of PPMV-1 in China and serve as a foundation for the further investigation of the mechanism underlying the pathogenic difference of PPMV-1 isolates in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Zhan
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Lu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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7
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Insights into Genomic Epidemiology, Evolution, and Transmission Dynamics of Genotype VII of Class II Newcastle Disease Virus in China. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9100837. [PMID: 33066232 PMCID: PMC7602024 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is distributed worldwide and has caused significant losses to the poultry industry. Almost all virulent NDV strains belong to class II, among which genotype VII is the predominant genotype in China. However, the molecular evolution and phylodynamics of class II genotype VII NDV strains in China remained largely unknown. In this study, we identified 13 virulent NDV including 11 genotype VII strains and 2 genotype IX strains, from clinical samples during 1997 to 2019. Combined NDV sequences submitted to GenBank, we investigate evolution, and transmission dynamics of class II NDVs in China, especially genotype VII strains. Our results revealed that East and South China have the most genotypic diversity of class II NDV, and East China might be the origin of genotype VII NDVs in China. In addition, genotype VII NDVs in China are presumably transmitted by chickens, as the virus was most prevalent in chickens. Furthermore, codon usage analysis revealed that the F genes of genotype VII NDVs have stronger adaptation in chickens, and six amino acids in this gene are found under positive selection via selection model analysis. Collectively, our results revealed the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of genotype VII NDVs in China, providing important insights into the epidemiology of these viruses in China.
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8
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Chen L, Song J, Liu H, Cai J, Lin Q, Xu C, Ding C, Liao M, Ren T, Xiang B. Phylodynamic analyses of class I Newcastle disease virus isolated in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1294-1304. [PMID: 32786140 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the pathogen of Newcastle disease, has caused significant losses to the poultry industry worldwide. However, owing to its avirulence, class I NDVs have not been studied as much as class II NDVs. We aimed to epidemiologically monitor the spread of class I NDVs in China. We isolated 104 class I NDV strains from poultry in live poultry markets (LPMs) of Guangdong Province, south China, between January 2016 and December 2018. Genetic analysis revealed that all 104 isolates and most of the strains isolated from China were clustered into genotype 1.1.2 of class I NDVs. Bayesian analysis revealed that, although the United States may be the source, east and south China may be the epicentres of class I NDVs in China. In addition, in China, class I NDVs are presumably transmitted by chickens and domestic ducks as the virus is mostly prevalent in these birds. These novel findings demonstrated that class I NDVs are prevalent in south China, and it is important to perform routine surveillance and limit the numbers of different birds in different areas of LPMs to decrease the risk of intra- and interspecies transmission of NDVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juncheng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute (SHVRI), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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