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Huang X, Li Y, Li J, Jiang Y, Cui W, Zhou H, Tang L. The long noncoding RNA loc107053557 acts as a gga-miR-3530-5p sponge to suppress the replication of vvIBDV through regulating STAT1 expression. Virulence 2024; 15:2333237. [PMID: 38528779 PMCID: PMC10984138 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2333237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression and high mortality in young chickens. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators during viral infection. However, detailed the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA have not yet been described in IBDV infection. Here, we analysed the role of lncRNA53557/gga-miR-3530-5p/STAT1 axis in very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection. Evidently upregulated expression of lncRNA53557 was observed in bursa of Fabricius and DT40 cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of lncRNA53557 promoted STAT1 expression and inhibited vvIBDV replication and vice versa, indicating that the upregulation of lncRNA53557 was part of the host antiviral defence. The subcellular fractionation assay confirmed that lncRNA53557 can be localized in the cytoplasm. Further, dual-luciferase reporter, RNA pulldown, FISH and RT-qPCR assays revealed that lncRNA53557 were directly bound to gga-miR-3530-5p and had a negative regulatory relationship between them. Subsequent mechanistic analysis showed that lncRNA53557 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of gga-miR-3530-5p to relieve the repressive effect of gga-miR-3530-5p on its target STAT1, as well as Mx1, OASL, and ISG15, thereby suppressing vvIBDV replication. The study reveals that a network of enriched lncRNAs and lncRNA-associated ceRNA is involved in the regulation of IBDV infection, offering new insight into the mechanisms underlying IBDV-host interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, P.R. China
| | - Wen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, P.R. China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, P.R. China
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2
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Xu J, Yin P, Liu X, Hou X. Forsythoside A inhibits apoptosis and autophagy induced by infectious bronchitis virus through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0192123. [PMID: 37971265 PMCID: PMC10715169 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01921-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an acute and highly infectious viral disease that seriously endangered the development of the chicken industry. However, due to the limited effectiveness of commercial vaccines, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective anti-IBV drugs. Forsythoside A (FTA) is a natural ingredient with wide pharmacological and biological activities, and it has been shown to have antiviral effects against IBV. However, the antiviral mechanism of FTA is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that FTA can inhibit cell apoptosis and autophagy induced by IBV infection by regulating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. This finding is important for exploring the role and mechanism of FTA in anti-IBV infection, indicating that FTA can be further studied as an anti-IBV drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuewei Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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3
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Torabi S, Soleimani S, Mahravani H, Ebrahimi MM, Shahsavandi S. Mouse Fibroblast L929 Cell Line as a Useful Tool for Replication and Adaptation of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2023; 78:863-871. [PMID: 38028862 PMCID: PMC10657944 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2023.361584.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious disease associated with immunosuppression in young chickens. Production of either egg-based or primary cell-based high-quality vaccines requires time-consuming and costly procedures. To determine a suitable cell line for IBDV replication, L929 cell line was a candidate for the growth kinetics processing of the virus. The L929 cells were proliferated in monolayer, and doubling time was calculated. Replication kinetics an IBDV isolate at the multiplicity of infection 0.1 PFU/cell were determined using virus titration. To adapt IBDV on L929 cells, seven consecutive passages were performed. Virus titer and levels of apoptosis were quantitatively analyzed at each passage. The viral VP2 gene was amplified and sequenced in three passages. An average doubling time of 21 h was estimated for monolayers of L929 cells. Although during early passages, virus growth did not produce a clear cytopathic effect (CPE), an increase in IBDV titers was observed. Serial passages led to the evidence of marked CPEs and an increase in the virus titer in the third passage. During the fourth to seventh passages, consistent CPEs characterized by the formation of granulated and round cells were evident within 24 to 48 hours post-inoculation. The titer of the virus was increased in the third passage onwards to peak in the fourth and constant at 5.9 TCID50 until the end passage. The IBDV replication in connection with DNA fragmentation and FITC, revealed the characteristic picture of apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. We found that the IBDV could easily be adapted to L929 cells, increasing virus yields by about two orders of magnitude. These results indicated that the cell line may be useful in the production of efficient virus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Torabi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - S Soleimani
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - H Mahravani
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - M M Ebrahimi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - S Shahsavandi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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4
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Xu T, Xiong T, Xie W, Wu J, Liu X, Li G, Lv Y, Li L, Yang Z, Wang H, Liu D, Chen R. Construction and Evaluation of the Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Recombinant Replication-Deficient Human Adenovirus-5 Expressing Genotype VII Newcastle Disease Virus F Protein and Infectious Bursal Disease Virus VP2 Protein. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1051. [PMID: 37376440 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) are two key infectious diseases that significantly threaten the health of the poultry industry. Although existing vaccinations can effectively prevent and treat these two diseases through multiple immunizations, frequent immunization stresses significantly impact chicken growth. In this study, three recombinant adenoviruses, rAd5-F expressing the NDV (genotype VII) F protein, rAd5-VP2 expressing the IBDV VP2 protein, and rAd5-VP2-F2A-F co-expressing F and VP2 proteins, were constructed using the AdEasy system. The F and VP2 genes of the recombinant adenoviruses could be transcribed and expressed normally in HEK293A cells as verified by RT-PCR and Western blot. The three recombinant viruses were shown to have similar growth kinetics as rAd5-EGFP. Compared with the PBS and rAd5-EGFP groups, SPF chickens immunized with recombinant adenoviruses produced higher antibody levels, more significant lymphocyte proliferation, and significantly higher CD4+/CD3+ and CD8+/CD3+ cells in peripheral blood. The survival rate of SPF chickens immunized with rAd5-F and rAd5-VP2-F2A-F after the challenge with DHN3 was 100%, and 86% of SPF chickens showed no viral shedding at 7 dpc. The survival rate of SPF chickens immunized with rAd5-VP2 and rAd5-VP2-F2A-F after the challenge with BC6/85 was 86%. rAd5-VP2 and rAd5-VP2-F2A-F significantly inhibited bursal atrophy and pathological changes compared to the rAd5-EGFP and PBS groups. This study provides evidence that these recombinant adenoviruses have the potential to be developed into safe and effective vaccine candidates for the prevention and control of ND and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Zhaoqing Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Zhaoqing Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenting Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guimin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yadi Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Linyu Li
- Zhaoqing Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
| | - Zekun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dingxiang Liu
- Zhaoqing Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ruiai Chen
- Zhaoqing Branch of Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioproducts Development for Animal Epidemic Prevention, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Biotechnology R&D of Veterinary Biologics, Zhaoqing 526238, China
- Zhaoqing Dahuanong Biology Medicine Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China
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5
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Gao H, Wang Y, Gao L, Zheng SJ. Genetic Insight into the Interaction of IBDV with Host-A Clue to the Development of Novel IBDV Vaccines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098255. [PMID: 37175960 PMCID: PMC10179583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is an immunosuppressive pathogen causing enormous economic losses to the poultry industry across the globe. As a double-stranded RNA virus, IBDV undergoes genetic mutation or recombination in replication during circulation among flocks, leading to the generation and spread of variant or recombinant strains. In particular, the recent emergence of variant IBDV causes severe immunosuppression in chickens, affecting the efficacy of other vaccines. It seems that the genetic mutation of IBDV during the battle against host response is an effective strategy to help itself to survive. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the viral genome diversity will definitely help to develop effective measures for prevention and control of infectious bursal disease (IBD). In recent years, considerable progress has been made in understanding the relation of genetic mutation and genomic recombination of IBDV to its pathogenesis using the reverse genetic technique. Therefore, this review focuses on our current genetic insight into the IBDV's genetic typing and viral genomic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shijun J Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhang S, Zheng S. Host Combats IBDV Infection at Both Protein and RNA Levels. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102309. [PMID: 36298864 PMCID: PMC9607458 DOI: 10.3390/v14102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive avian disease caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). In recent years, with the emergence of IBDV variants and recombinant strains, IBDV still threatens the poultry industry worldwide. It seems that the battle between host and IBDV will never end. Thus, it is urgent to develop a more comprehensive and effective strategy for the control of this disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying virus-host interactions would be of help in the development of novel vaccines. Recently, much progress has been made in the understanding of the host response against IBDV infection. If the battle between host and IBDV at the protein level is considered the front line, at the RNA level, it can be taken as a hidden line. The host combats IBDV infection at both the front and hidden lines. Therefore, this review focuses on our current understanding of the host response to IBDV infection at both the protein and RNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shijun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(10)-6273-4681
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7
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Genome-wide identification of chicken bursae of Fabricius miRNAs in response to very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1855-1864. [PMID: 35752686 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) can cause a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease in young chickens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and are involved in the pathogenesis of IBDV infection. To investigate the roles of miRNA in chicken bursae of Fabricius in response to very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection, RNA sequencing was performed to compare the small RNA libraries from uninfected and vvIBDV-infected group which was infected for 3 days. A total of 77 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in BF, of which 42 DE miRNAs were upregulated and 35 DE miRNAs were downregulated. A gene ontology analysis showed that genes associated with cellular processes, cells, and binding were enriched. Moreover, pathway analyses suggested that apoptosis, T cell receptor signaling pathways, and chemokine signaling pathways may be activated following vvIBDV infection. In addition, we predicted the target genes of DE miRNAs and constructed an miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. In total, 189 pairs of miRNA-target genes were identified, comprising 67 DE miRNAs and 73 mRNAs. In this network, gga-miR-1684b-3p was identified with the highest fold change, as well as gga-miR-1788-3p and gga-miR-3530-5p showed a high degree of change. The above three miRNAs were considered to play vital roles in vvIBDV-host interactions. This study was the first to perform a comprehensive analysis of DE miRNAs in the bursa of Fabricius in response to vvIBDV infection, and it provided new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying vvIBDV infection and pathogenesis.
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8
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Trapp J, Rautenschlein S. Infectious bursal disease virus' interferences with host immune cells: What do we know? Avian Pathol 2022; 51:303-316. [PMID: 35616498 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2080641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInfectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) induces one of the most important immunosuppressive diseases in chickens leading to high economic losses due increased mortality and condemnation rates, secondary infections and the need for antibiotic treatment. Over 400 publications have been listed in PubMed.gov in the last five years pointing out the research interest in this disease and the development of improved preventive measures. While B cells are the main target cells of the virus, also other immune and non-immune cell populations are affected leading a multifaceted impact on the normally well orchestrated immune system in IBDV-infected birds. Recent studies clearly revealed the contribution of innate immune cells as well as T cells to a cytokine storm and subsequent death of affected birds in the acute phase of the disease. Transcriptomics identified differential regulation of immune related genes between different chicken genotypes as well as virus strains, which may be associated with a variable disease outcome. The recent availability of primary B cell culture systems allowed a closer look into virus-host interactions during IBDV-infection. The new emerging field of research with transgenic chickens will open up new opportunities to understand the impact of IBDV on the host also under in vivo conditions, which will help to understand the complex virus-host interactions further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Trapp
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Rautenschlein
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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9
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Jiang H, Kan X, Ding C, Sun Y. The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:858953. [PMID: 35402295 PMCID: PMC8990858 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.858953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a process of degradation to maintain cellular homeostatic by lysosomes, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, including nutrient deficiency, hypoxia, high temperature, and pathogenic infection. Xenophagy, a form of selective autophagy, serves as a defense mechanism against multiple intracellular pathogen types, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Recent years have seen a growing list of animal viruses with autophagy machinery. Although the relationship between autophagy and human viruses has been widely summarized, little attention has been paid to the role of this cellular function in the veterinary field, especially today, with the growth of serious zoonotic diseases. The mechanisms of the same virus inducing autophagy in different species, or different viruses inducing autophagy in the same species have not been clarified. In this review, we examine the role of autophagy in important animal viral infectious diseases and discuss the regulation mechanisms of different animal viruses to provide a potential theoretical basis for therapeutic strategies, such as targets of new vaccine development or drugs, to improve industrial production in farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjin Kan
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yingjie Sun, ; Chan Ding,
| | - Yingjie Sun
- Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yingjie Sun, ; Chan Ding,
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10
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Abstract
Recognition of viral RNAs by melanoma differentiation associated gene-5 (MDA5) initiates chicken antiviral response by producing type I interferons. Our previous studies showed that chicken microRNA-155-5p (gga-miR-155-5p) enhanced IFN-β expression and suppressed the replication of infectious burse disease virus (IBDV), a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus causing infectious burse disease in chickens. However, the mechanism underlying IBDV-induced gga-miR-155-5p expression in host cells remains elusive. Here, we show that IBDV infection or poly(I:C) treatment of DF-1 cells markedly increased the expression of GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3), a master regulator for TH2 cell differentiation, and that GATA3 promoted gga-miR-155-5p expression in IBDV-infected or poly(I:C)-treated cells by directly binding to its promoter. Surprisingly, ectopic expression of GATA3 significantly reduced IBDV replication in DF-1 cells, and this reduction could be completely abolished by treatment with gga-miR-155-5p inhibitors, whereas knockdown of GATA3 by RNA interference enhanced IBDV growth, and this enhancement could be blocked with gga-miR-155-5p mimics, indicating that GATA3 suppressed IBDV replication by gga-miR-155-5p. Furthermore, our data show that MDA5 is required for GATA3 expression in host cells with poly(I:C) treatment, so are the adaptor protein TBK1 and transcription factor IRF7, suggesting that induction of GATA3 expression in IBDV-infected cells relies on MDA5-TBK1-IRF7 signaling pathway. These results uncover a novel role for GATA3 as an antivirus transcription factor in innate immune response by promoting miR-155 expression, further our understandings of host response against pathogenic infection, and provide valuable clues to the development of antiviral reagents for public health. IMPORTANCE Gga-miR-155-5p acts as an important antivirus factor against IBDV infection, which causes a severe immunosuppressive disease in chicken. Elucidation of the mechanism regulating gga-miR-155-5p expression in IBDV-infected cells is essential to our understandings of the host response against pathogenic infection. This study shows that transcription factor GATA3 initiated gga-miR-155-5p expression in IBDV-infected cells by directly binding to its promoter, suppressing viral replication. Furthermore, induction of GATA3 expression was attributable to the recognition of dsRNA by MDA5, which initiates signal transduction via TBK1 and IRF7. Thus, it is clear that IBDV induces GATA3 expression via MDA5-TBK1-IRF7 signaling pathway, thereby suppressing IBDV replication by GATA3-mediated gga-miR-155-5p expression. This information remarkably expands our knowledge of the roles for GATA3 as an antivirus transcription factor in host innate immune response particularly at an RNA level and may prove valuable in the development of antiviral drugs for public health.
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Jafarzadeh A, Naseri A, Shojaie L, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Bannazadeh Baghi H, Hamblin MR, Akhlagh SA, Mirzaei H. MicroRNA-155 and antiviral immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108188. [PMID: 34626873 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA, miR-155 regulates both adaptive and innate immune responses. In viral infections, miR-155 can affect both innate immunity (interferon response, natural killer cell activity, and macrophage polarization) and adaptive immunity (including generation of anti-viral antibodies, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Th17, Th2, Th1, Tfh and Treg cells). In many viral infections, the proper and timely regulation of miR-155 expression is critical for the induction of an effective anti-virus immune response and viral clearance without any harmful immunopathologic consequences. MiR-155 may also exert pro-viral effects, mainly through the inhibition of the anti-viral interferon response. Thus, dysregulated expression of miR-155 can result in virus persistence and disruption of the normal response to viral infections. This review provides a thorough discussion of the role of miR-155 in immune responses and immunopathologic reactions during viral infections, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Alma Naseri
- Department of Immunology, Islamic Azadi university of Zahedan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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12
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Li D, Yang J, Yang Y, Liu J, Li H, Li R, Cao C, Shi L, Wu W, He K. A Timely Review of Cross-Kingdom Regulation of Plant-Derived MicroRNAs. Front Genet 2021; 12:613197. [PMID: 34012461 PMCID: PMC8126714 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.613197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of non-coding RNAs that suppress gene expression by complementary oligonucleotide binding to the sites in target messenger RNAs. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play crucial role in virtually all cellular processes of both plants and animals, such as cell growth, cell division, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. The study of rice MIR168a has demonstrated for the first time that exogenous plant MIR168a influences cholesterol transport in mice by inhibiting low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 expression. Inspired by this finding, the cross-kingdom regulation of plant-derived miRNAs has drawn a lot of attention because of its capability to provide novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of miRNA deregulation-related diseases. Notably, unlike mRNA, some plant miRNAs are robust because of their 3′ end modification, high G, C content, and the protection by microvesicles, miRNAs protein cofactors or plant ingredients. The stability of these small molecules guarantees the reliability of plant miRNAs in clinical application. Although the function of endogenous miRNAs has been widely investigated, the cross-kingdom regulation of plant-derived miRNAs is still in its infancy. Herein, this review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the anti-virus, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, immune modulation, and intestinal function regulation effects of plant-derived miRNAs in mammals. It is expected that exploring the versatile role of plant-derived miRNAs may lay the foundation for further study and application of these newly recognized, non-toxic, and inexpensive plant active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jianhui Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Rongfei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Chunya Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Liping Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Huaihua, China
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Special Issue "Emerging Viruses 2020: Surveillance, Prevention, Evolution and Control". Viruses 2021; 13:v13020251. [PMID: 33562062 PMCID: PMC7915717 DOI: 10.3390/v13020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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