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Vukovic D, Gostimirovic S, Cvetanovic J, Gavric D, Aleksic Sabo V, Todorovic D, Medic D, Knezevic P. Antibacterial Potential of Non-Tailed Icosahedral Phages Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:215. [PMID: 38849666 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-tailed icosahedral phages belonging to families Fiersviridae (phages MS2 and Qbeta), Tectiviridae (PRD1) and Microviridae (phiX174) have not been considered in detail so far as potential antibacterial agents. The aim of the study was to examine various aspects of the applicability of these phages as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial potential of four phages was investigated via bacterial growth and biofilm formation inhibition, lytic spectra determination, and phage safety examination. The phage phiX174 was combined with different classes of antibiotics to evaluate potential synergistic interactions. In addition, the incidence of phiX174-insensitive mutants was analyzed. The results showed that only phiX174 out of four phages tested against their corresponding hosts inhibited bacterial growth for > 90% at different multiplicity of infection and that only this phage considerably prevented biofilm formation. Although all phages show the absence of potentially undesirable genes, they also have extremely narrow lytic spectra. The synergism was determined between phage phiX174 and ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, macrolides, and chloramphenicol. It was shown that the simultaneous application of agents is more effective than successive treatment, where one agent is applied first. The analysis of the appearance of phiX174 bacteriophage-insensitive mutants showed that mutations occur with a frequency of 10-3. The examined non-tailed phages have a limited potential for use as antibacterial agents, primarily due to a very narrow lytic spectrum and the high frequency of resistant mutants appearance, but Microviridae can be considered in the future as biocontrol agents against susceptible strains of E. coli in combinations with conventional antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Vukovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sonja Gostimirovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Cvetanovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Damir Gavric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Verica Aleksic Sabo
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Deana Medic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Petar Knezevic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Rafiei S, Bouzari M. Genomic analysis of vB_PaS-HSN4 bacteriophage and its antibacterial activity (in vivo and in vitro) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2007. [PMID: 38263187 PMCID: PMC10805781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The most frequent infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are local infections in soft tissues, including burns. Today, phage use is considered a suitable alternative to cure infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria. We investigated the potential of a novel phage (vB_PaS-HSN4) belonging to Caudoviricetes class, against XDR and MDR P. aeruginosa strains in vivo and in vitro. Its biological and genetic characteristics were investigated. The phage burst size and latent were 119 and 20 min, respectively. It could tolerate a broad range of salt concentrations, pH values, and temperatures. The combination with ciprofloxacin significantly enhanced biofilm removal after 24 h. The genome was dsDNA with a size of 44,534 bp and encoded 61 ORFs with 3 tRNA and 5 promoters. No virulence factor was observed in the phage genome. In the in vivo infection model, treatment with vB_PaS-HSN4 increased Galleria mellonella larvae survival (80%, 66%, and 60%) (MOI 100) and (60%, 40%, and 26%) (MOI 1) in the pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment experiments, respectively. Based on these characteristics, it can be considered for the cure of infections of burns caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Rafiei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Majid Bouzari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran.
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De Soir S, Parée H, Kamarudin NHN, Wagemans J, Lavigne R, Braem A, Merabishvili M, De Vos D, Pirnay JP, Van Bambeke F. Exploiting phage-antibiotic synergies to disrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms in the context of orthopedic infections. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0321923. [PMID: 38084971 PMCID: PMC10783084 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03219-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Biofilm-related infections are among the most difficult-to-treat infections in all fields of medicine due to their antibiotic tolerance and persistent character. In the field of orthopedics, these biofilms often lead to therapeutic failure of medical implantable devices and urgently need novel treatment strategies. This forthcoming article aims to explore the dynamic interplay between newly isolated bacteriophages and routinely used antibiotics and clearly indicates synergetic patterns when used as a dual treatment modality. Biofilms were drastically more reduced when both active agents were combined, thereby providing additional evidence that phage-antibiotic combinations lead to synergism and could potentially improve clinical outcome for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven De Soir
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology (LabMCT), Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Hortence Parée
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nur Hidayatul Nazirah Kamarudin
- Department of Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annabel Braem
- Department of Materials Engineering, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maya Merabishvili
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology (LabMCT), Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Daniel De Vos
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology (LabMCT), Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Pirnay
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology (LabMCT), Queen Astrid Military Hospital, Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Françoise Van Bambeke
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Liu Z, Jiang W, Kim C, Peng X, Fan C, Wu Y, Xie Z, Peng F. A Pseudomonas Lysogenic Bacteriophage Crossing the Antarctic and Arctic, Representing a New Genus of Autographiviridae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087662. [PMID: 37108829 PMCID: PMC10142737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polar regions tend to support simple food webs, which are vulnerable to phage-induced gene transfer or microbial death. To further investigate phage-host interactions in polar regions and the potential linkage of phage communities between the two poles, we induced the release of a lysogenic phage, vB_PaeM-G11, from Pseudomonas sp. D3 isolated from the Antarctic, which formed clear phage plaques on the lawn of Pseudomonas sp. G11 isolated from the Arctic. From permafrost metagenomic data of the Arctic tundra, we found the genome with high-similarity to that of vB_PaeM-G11, demonstrating that vB_PaeM-G11 may have a distribution in both the Antarctic and Arctic. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that vB_PaeM-G11 is homologous to five uncultured viruses, and that they may represent a new genus in the Autographiviridae family, named Fildesvirus here. vB_PaeM-G11 was stable in a temperature range (4-40 °C) and pH (4-11), with latent and rise periods of about 40 and 10 min, respectively. This study is the first isolation and characterization study of a Pseudomonas phage distributed in both the Antarctic and Arctic, identifying its lysogenic host and lysis host, and thus provides essential information for further understanding the interaction between polar phages and their hosts and the ecological functions of phages in polar regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cholsong Kim
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoya Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhixiong Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fang Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Cesta N, Pini M, Mulas T, Materazzi A, Ippolito E, Wagemans J, Kutateladze M, Fontana C, Sarmati L, Tavanti A, Lavigne R, Andreoni M, Di Luca M. Application of Phage Therapy in a Case of a Chronic Hip-Prosthetic Joint Infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Italian Real-Life Experience and In Vitro Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad051. [PMID: 36861092 PMCID: PMC9969736 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa represents a severe complication in orthopedic surgery. We report the case of a patient with chronic PJI from P. aeruginosa successfully treated with personalized phage therapy (PT) in combination with meropenem. Methods A 62-year-old woman was affected by a chronic right hip prosthesis infection caused by P. aeruginosa since 2016 . The patient was treated with phage Pa53 (I day 10 mL q8h, then 5 mL q8h via joint drainage for 2 weeks) in association with meropenem (2gr q12h iv) after a surgical procedure. A 2-year clinical follow up was performed. An in vitro bactericidal assay of the phage alone and in combination with meropenem against a 24-hour-old biofilm of bacterial isolate was also carried out. Results No severe adverse events were observed during PT. Two years after suspension, there were no clinical signs of infection relapse, and a marked leukocyte scan showed no pathological uptake areas. In vitro studies showed that the minimum biofilm eradicating concentration of meropenem was 8 µg/mL. No biofilm eradication was observed at 24 hours incubation with phages alone (108 plaque-forming units [PFU]/mL). However, the addition of meropenem at suberadicating concentration (1 µg/mL) to phages at lower titer (103 PFU/mL) resulted in a synergistic eradication after 24 hours of incubation. Conclusions Personalized PT, in combination with meropenem, was found to be safe and effective in eradicating P. aeruginosa infection. These data encourage the development of personalized clinical studies aimed at evaluating the efficacy of PT as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy for chronic persistent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novella Cesta
- Correspondence: Novella Cesta, MD, Rome, Italy (); or Mariagrazia Di Luca, PhD, Pisa, Italy ()
| | - Marco Pini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mulas
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ernesto Ippolito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeroen Wagemans
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mzia Kutateladze
- Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Loredana Sarmati
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimo Andreoni
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Policlinic of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Di Luca
- Correspondence: Novella Cesta, MD, Rome, Italy (); or Mariagrazia Di Luca, PhD, Pisa, Italy ()
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