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Wei T, Shan T, Wang H, Chen J, Yang T, Zhou L, Zhao D, Sun J, Wang S, Gu L, Du C, Jiang Q, Sun R, Wang Q, Kong X, Lu X, Sun H, Xu Y, Xie L, Gu A, Chen F, Ji Y, Guo X, Wang L. Checkpoint Kinase 1 Stimulates Endogenous Cardiomyocyte Renewal and Cardiac Repair by Binding to Pyruvate Kinase Isoform M2 C-Domain and Activating Cardiac Metabolic Reprogramming in a Porcine Model of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034805. [PMID: 38934866 PMCID: PMC11255682 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.034805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian hearts is limited. Numerous studies have explored mechanisms of adult cardiomyocyte cell-cycle withdrawal. This translational study evaluated the effects and underlying mechanism of rhCHK1 (recombinant human checkpoint kinase 1) on the survival and proliferation of cardiomyocyte and myocardial repair after ischemia/reperfusion injury in swine. METHODS AND RESULTS Intramyocardial injection of rhCHK1 protein (1 mg/kg) encapsulated in hydrogel stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation and reduced cardiac inflammation response at 3 days after ischemia/reperfusion injury, improved cardiac function and attenuated ventricular remodeling, and reduced the infarct area at 28 days after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, multiomics sequencing analysis demonstrated enrichment of glycolysis and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathways after rhCHK1 treatment. Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments and protein docking prediction showed that CHK1 (checkpoint kinase 1) directly bound to and activated the Serine 37 (S37) and Tyrosine 105 (Y105) sites of PKM2 (pyruvate kinase isoform M2) to promote metabolic reprogramming. We further constructed plasmids that knocked out different CHK1 and PKM2 amino acid domains and transfected them into Human Embryonic Kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells for CO-IP experiments. Results showed that the 1-265 domain of CHK1 directly binds to the 157-400 amino acids of PKM2. Furthermore, hiPSC-CM (human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocyte) in vitro and in vivo experiments both demonstrated that CHK1 stimulated cardiomyocytes renewal and cardiac repair by activating PKM2 C-domain-mediated cardiac metabolic reprogramming. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the 1-265 amino acid domain of CHK1 binds to the 157-400 domain of PKM2 and activates PKM2-mediated metabolic reprogramming to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial repair after ischemia/reperfusion injury in adult pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐Wen Wei
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian‐Kai Shan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jia‐Wen Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tong‐Tong Yang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liu‐Hua Zhou
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jia‐Teng Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Si‐Bo Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ling‐Feng Gu
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chong Du
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi‐Qi Jiang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi‐Ming Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang‐Qing Kong
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao‐Hu Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hao‐Liang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Li‐Ping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular MedicineKey Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular DiseaseCollaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ai‐Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthChina International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular MedicineKey Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular DiseaseCollaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xue‐Jiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lian‐Sheng Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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Liang DG, Guo YK, Zhao SB, Yang GY, Han YQ, Chu BB, Ming SL. Pseudorabies virus hijacks the Rab6 protein to promote viral assembly and egress. Vet Res 2024; 55:68. [PMID: 38807225 PMCID: PMC11134627 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is recognized as the aetiological agent responsible for Aujeszky's disease, or pseudorabies, in swine populations. Rab6, a member of the small GTPase family, is implicated in various membrane trafficking processes, particularly exocytosis regulation. Its involvement in PRV infection, however, has not been documented previously. In our study, we observed a significant increase in the Rab6 mRNA and protein levels in both PK-15 porcine kidney epithelial cells and porcine alveolar macrophages, as well as in the lungs and spleens of mice infected with PRV. The overexpression of wild-type Rab6 and its GTP-bound mutant facilitated PRV proliferation, whereas the GDP-bound mutant form of Rab6 had no effect on viral propagation. These findings indicated that the GTPase activity of Rab6 was crucial for the successful spread of PRV. Further investigations revealed that the reduction in Rab6 levels through knockdown significantly hampered PRV proliferation and disrupted virus assembly and egress. At the molecular level, Rab6 was found to interact with the PRV glycoproteins gB and gE, both of which are essential for viral assembly and egress. Our results collectively suggest that PRV exploits Rab6 to expedite its assembly and egress and identify Rab6 as a promising novel target for therapeutic treatment for PRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ge Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Kun Guo
- Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Center of Henan Province, College of Food and Drugs, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luoyang, 471023, Henan, China
| | - Shi-Bo Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Guo-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Qian Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Bei-Bei Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Longhu Advanced Immunization Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Sheng-Li Ming
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development of Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
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Hao K, Wang Y, Xu JH, Nie C, Song S, Yu F, Zhao Z. Kaempferol is a novel antiviral agent against channel catfish virus infection through blocking viral attachment and penetration in vitro. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1323646. [PMID: 38111732 PMCID: PMC10725991 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1323646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Channel catfish virus (CCV, Ictalurid herpesvirus 1) is the causative pathogen of channel catfish virus disease, which has caused high mortality and substantial economic losses in the catfish aquaculture industry. Due to the lack of licensed prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic drugs, the prevention and control of CCV infection seem to remain stagnant. Active compounds from medicinal plants offer eligible sources of pharmaceuticals and lead drugs to fight against endemic and pandemic diseases and exhibit excellent effect against viral infection. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral ability of 12 natural compounds against CCV with cell models in vitro and found kaempferol exhibited the strongest inhibitory compound against CCV infection among all the tested compounds. Correspondingly, kaempferol decreased transcription levels of viral genes and the synthesis of viral proteins, as well as reduced proliferation and release of viral progeny, the severity of the CPE induced by CCV in a dose-dependent manner, based on quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), western blotting, viral cytopathic effects (CPE) and viral titer assessment. Moreover, time-of-drug-addition assays, virus attachment, and penetration assays revealed that kaempferol exerted anti-CCV activity probably by blocking attachment and internalization of the viral entry process. Altogether, the present results indicated that kaempferol may be a promising candidate antiviral agent against CCV infection, which shed light on the development of a novel and potent treatment for fish herpesvirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Yang Y, Zhu X, Liu Y, Xu N, Kong W, Ai X, Zhang H. Effect of Agaricus bisporus Polysaccharides (ABPs) on anti-CCV immune response of channel catfish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109051. [PMID: 37689228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the effects of Agaricus bisporus Polysaccharides (ABPs) on anti-channel catfish virus (CCV) infections to promote their application in channel catfish culture were explored. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were conducted on the spleen of a CCV-infected channel catfish model fed with or without ABPs. CCV infections upregulated many immune and apoptosis-related genes, such as IL-6, IFN-α3, IFN-γ1, IL-26, Casp3, Casp8, and IL-10, and activated specific immunity mediated by B cells. However, after adding ABPs, the expression of inflammation-related genes decreased in CCV-infected channel catfish, and the inflammatory inhibitors NLRC3 were upregulated. Meanwhile, the expression of apoptosis-related genes was reduced, indicating that ABPs can more rapidly and strongly enhance the immunity of channel catfish to resist viral infection. Moreover, the metabonomic analysis showed that channel catfish had a high energy requirement during CCV infection, and ABPs could enhance the immune function of channel catfish. In conclusion, ABPs can enhance the antiviral ability of channel catfish by enhancing immune response and regulating inflammation. Thus, these findings provided new insights into the antiviral response effects of ABPs, which might support their application in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
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Yu F, Chen H, Xu J, Wang Y, Nie C, Song S, Meng L, Hao K, Zhao Z. Heparan sulfate is the attachment factor associated with channel catfish virus infection on host cells. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1260002. [PMID: 37745212 PMCID: PMC10514354 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1260002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Channel catfish virus (CCV; family Alloherpesviridae) infects channel catfish, causing great harm to aquaculture fisheries and economic development. Attachment is the first step in viral infection and relies on the interaction of virions with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The present study aimed to explored the role of the main three ECM components in CCV attachment. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that neither collagen nor hyaluronic acid treatments had significant effects on CCV attachment. When exogenous heparin was used as a competitive inhibitor, the adhesion of heparin sodium salt to CCV was dose-dependent. When the concentration of heparin sodium salt was 10 mg/mL, the inhibitory effect on CCV infection of channel catfish ovary (CCO/BB) cells was more than 90%. Heparinase I could significantly prevent CCV attachment by digesting heparan sulfate on the cell surface, and both heparin sodium salt and heparinase I could dose-dependently reduce CCV titers, suggesting that heparin plays an important role in CCV attachment. In addition, the binding experiments between heparin-agarose beads and virions showed that CCV virions could specifically bind to heparin in a dose-dependent manner. The above results suggested that heparan sulfate might be an attachment factor involved in CCV infection of CCO/BB cells. These results increase our understand of the attachment mechanism of CCV and lay the foundation for further research on antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhe Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Yang Y, Zhu X, Liu Y, Xu N, Ai X, Zhang H. Effects of diets rich in Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides on the growth, antioxidant, immunity, and resistance to Yersinia ruckeri in channel catfish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108941. [PMID: 37463648 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
To promote the application of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides (ABPs) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) culture, we evaluated the effects of ABPs on the growth, immunity, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of channel catfish. When the amount of ABPs was 250 mg/kg, channel catfish's weight gain and specific growth rates increased significantly while the feed coefficient decreased. We also found that adding ABPs in the feed effectively increased the activities of ACP, MDA, T-SOD, AKP, T-AOC, GSH, and CAT enzymes and immune-related genes such as IL-1β, Hsp70, and IgM in the head kidney of channel catfish. Besides, long-term addition will not cause pathological damage to the head kidney. When the amount of ABPs was over 125 mg/kg, the protection rate of channel catfish was more than 60%. According to the intestinal transcriptome analysis, the addition of ABPs promoted the expression of intestinal immunity genes and growth metabolism-related genes and enriched multiple related KEEG pathways. When challenged by Yersinia ruckeri infection, the immune response of channel catfish fed with ABPs was intenser and quicker. Additionally, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that the composition of the intestinal microbial community of channel catfish treated with ABPs significantly changed, and the abundance of microorganisms beneficial to channel catfish growth, such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidota increased. In conclusion, feeding channel catfish with ABPs promoted growth, enhanced immunity and antioxidant, and improved resistance to bacterial infections. Our current results might promote the use of ABPs in channel catfish and even other aquacultured fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Yang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Xia Zhu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, 100141, China.
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Meng LH, Ke F, Zhang QY, Zhao Z. Functional Analysis of the Endopeptidase and Holin From Planktothrix agardhii Cyanophage PaV-LD. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:849492. [PMID: 35572663 PMCID: PMC9096620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.849492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A cyanophage PaV-LD, previously isolated from harmful filamentous cyanobacterium Planktothrix agardhii, was sequenced, and co-expression of its two ORFs in tandem, ORF123 and ORF124, inhibited growth on the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 cells. However, the mechanism of action of ORF123 and ORF124 alone remains to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to study the individual function of ORF123 or ORF124 from PaV-LD. Our data showed that the ORF123 encoded an endopeptidase, which harbored an M23 family peptidase domain and a transmembrane region. The expression of the endopeptidase in Escherichia coli alone revealed that the protein exhibited remarkable bacteriostatic activity, as evidenced by observation of growth inhibition, membrane damage, and leakage of the intracellular enzyme. Similarly, the holin, a membrane-associated protein encoded by the ORF124, showed weak bacteriostatic activity on E. coli. Moreover, deletion mutations indicated that the transmembrane domains of endopeptidase and holin were indispensable for their bacteriostatic activity. Meanwhile, the bacteriostatic functions of endopeptidase and holin on cyanobacteria cells were confirmed by expressing them in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Collectively, our study revealed the individual role of endopeptidase or holin and their synergistic bacteriolytic effect, which would contribute to a better understanding of the lytic mechanism of cyanophage PaV-LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hui Meng
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Channel catfish virus entry into host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Virus Res 2022; 315:198794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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