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Meschi S, Colavita F, Carletti F, Mazzotta V, Matusali G, Specchiarello E, Ascoli Bartoli T, Mondi A, Minosse C, Giancola ML, Pinnetti C, Valli MB, Lapa D, Mizzoni K, Sullivan DJ, Ou J, Focosi D, Girardi E, Nicastri E, Antinori A, Maggi F. MPXV DNA kinetics in bloodstream and other body fluids samples. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13487. [PMID: 38866796 PMCID: PMC11169222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63044-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since spring 2022, the global epidemiology of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) has changed. The unprecedented increase of human clade II MPXV cases worldwide heightened concerns about this emerging zoonotic disease. We analysed the positivity rates, viral loads, infectiousness, and persistence of MPXV DNA for up to 4 months in several biological samples from 89 MPXV-confirmed cases. Our data showed that viral loads and positivity rates were higher during the first two weeks of symptoms for all sample types. Amongst no-skin-samples, respiratory specimens showed higher MPXV DNA levels and median time until viral clearance, suggesting their usefulness in supporting MPXV diagnosis, investigating asymptomatic patients, and monitoring viral shedding. Infectious virus was cultured from respiratory samples, semen, and stools, with high viral loads and collected within the first 10 days. Notably, only one saliva and one semen were found positive for viral DNA after 71 and 31 days from symptoms, respectively. The focus on bloodstream samples showed the best testing sensitivity in plasma, reporting the overall highest MPXV DNA detection rate and viral loads during the 3-week follow-up as compared to serum and whole-blood. The data here presented can be useful for MPXV diagnostics and a better understanding of the potential alternative routes of its onward transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Meschi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Colavita
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carletti
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Mazzotta
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Matusali
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eliana Specchiarello
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ascoli Bartoli
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mondi
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Minosse
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Giancola
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Pinnetti
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Valli
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lapa
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Klizia Mizzoni
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - David J Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jiangda Ou
- Brain Injury Outcomes, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Girardi
- Scientific Direction, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Antinori
- Clinical and Research Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, 00149, Rome, Italy
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Yue Y, Jiang M, Zhang X, Xu J, Ye H, Zhang F, Li Z, Li Y. Mpox-AISM: AI-mediated super monitoring for mpox and like-mpox. iScience 2024; 27:109766. [PMID: 38711448 PMCID: PMC11070687 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Swift and accurate diagnosis for earlier-stage monkeypox (mpox) patients is crucial to avoiding its spread. However, the similarities between common skin disorders and mpox and the need for professional diagnosis unavoidably impaired the diagnosis of earlier-stage mpox patients and contributed to mpox outbreak. To address the challenge, we proposed "Super Monitoring", a real-time visualization technique employing artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet technology to diagnose earlier-stage mpox cheaply, conveniently, and quickly. Concretely, AI-mediated "Super Monitoring" (mpox-AISM) integrates deep learning models, data augmentation, self-supervised learning, and cloud services. According to publicly accessible datasets, mpox-AISM's Precision, Recall, Specificity, and F1-score in diagnosing mpox reach 99.3%, 94.1%, 99.9%, and 96.6%, respectively, and it achieves 94.51% accuracy in diagnosing mpox, six like-mpox skin disorders, and normal skin. With the Internet and communication terminal, mpox-AISM has the potential to perform real-time and accurate diagnosis for earlier-stage mpox in real-world scenarios, thereby preventing mpox outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubiao Yue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Minghua Jiang
- Department of science and education, Dermatological department, Foshan Sanshui District People’s Hospital, Foshan 528199, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jialong Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Huacong Ye
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of science and education, Dermatological department, Foshan Sanshui District People’s Hospital, Foshan 528199, China
| | - Zhenzhang Li
- School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510665, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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Chen J, Han J. A study on the recognition of monkeypox infection based on deep convolutional neural networks. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1225557. [PMID: 38130718 PMCID: PMC10733491 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1225557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) has assessed the global public risk of monkeypox as moderate, and 71 WHO member countries have reported more than 14,000 cases of monkeypox infection. At present, the identification of clinical symptoms of monkeypox mainly depends on traditional medical means, which has the problems of low detection efficiency and high detection cost. The deep learning algorithm is excellent in image recognition and can extract and recognize image features quickly and reliably. Methods Therefore, this paper proposes a residual convolutional neural network based on the λ function and contextual transformer (LaCTResNet) for the image recognition of monkeypox cases. Results The average recognition accuracy of the neural network model is 91.85%, which is 15.82% higher than that of the baseline model ResNet50 and better than the classical convolutional neural networks models such as AlexNet, VGG16, Inception-V3, and EfficientNet-B5. Discussion This method realizes high-precision identification of skin symptoms of the monkeypox virus to provide a fast and reliable auxiliary diagnosis method for monkeypox cases for front-line medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junying Han
- College of Information Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Malick H, Youssef R, Altman K. A Case of Mistaken Identity: Varicella Zoster and Monkeypox. Cureus 2023; 15:e41775. [PMID: 37575831 PMCID: PMC10416746 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mpox, previously referred to as monkeypox, is a zoonotic virus originally endemic to West Africa which has recently garnered significant attention due to a global outbreak. It remains a challenging diagnosis due to varying clinical presentations and similarities with other infectious pathogens. While diligent monitoring of its prevalence remains crucial, clinicians should combat recency bias when forming differentials for viral illnesses with similar presentations. Here, we discuss the case of an immigrant child with self-reported vaccination history of Varicella Zoster who was diagnosed with Mpox in the emergency department but was subsequently found to have Varicella Zoster after further testing. To effectively manage outbreaks and provide optimal care, healthcare professionals should stay up to date on the latest advancements in diagnostic techniques and available interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Malick
- Medical School, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Dallas, USA
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