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Zhu Z, Wang Y, Ning W, Liu C, Chen C. Torquetenovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a biomarker for lung infection among immunocompromised hosts. Biomark Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38982729 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Torquetenovirus (TTV) was a promising biomarker for immunity, while lung regional TTV for evaluating the opportunistic infection among immunocompromised hosts (ICH) was unclear. Materials & methods: In the ICH and non-ICH populations, we compared the susceptibility to opportunistic infections, clinical severity and the prognosis between subgroups, respectively. Results: ICH with detectable bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-TTV were more susceptible to lung aspergillosis and Mycobacterium infections. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that the ICH cohort with detectable BALF-TTV represented a higher clinical severity and a worse prognosis, while the above findings were not found in the non-ICH population. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the BALF-TTV could act as an effective predictor for opportunistic infection for ICH that complemented the CD4+ T cell counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Weiwei Ning
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou 215006, China
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Eibensteiner F, Messner I, Uhl P, Bond G, Puchhammer-Stoeckl E, Mueller-Sacherer T, Aufricht C, Rusai K. The association of Torque Teno viral load with CMV and BKV infection in pediatric and adolescent kidney transplant patients. J Clin Virol 2024; 172:105673. [PMID: 38564881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term allograft and patient survival after kidney transplantation (KTX) depends on the balance between over- and under-immunosuppression (IS). High levels of IS predispose to opportunistic infections. Plasma load of Torque Teno Virus (TTV), a non-pathogenic highly prevalent Annellovirus, is associated with its hosts immune status, especially after solid organ transplantation. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of plasma TTV load and opportunistic viral infections after pediatric KTX. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective study includes all pediatric KTX patients followed at the Medical University of Vienna 2014-2020. PCR for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), BK virus (BKV), and TTV was performed every 4-8 weeks at routine follow-up visits. RESULTS 71 pediatric KTX patients were followed with TTV measurements for a median of 2.7 years. TTV plasma load was associated with CMV DNAemia at the next visit with an OR of 2.37 (95 % CI 1.15-4.87; p = 0.03) after adjustment for time after KTX and recipient age. For a cut-off of 7.68 log10 c/mL TTV a sensitivity of 100 %, a specificity of 61 %, a NPV 100 %, and a PPV of 46 % to detect CMV DNAemia at the next visit was calculated. TTV plasma loads were also associated with BKV DNAuria and BKV DNAemia at the next visit, but not with EBV DNAemia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to analyse associations between TTV plasma loads and opportunistic viral infections in pediatric KTX. We were able to present a TTV cut-off for the prediction of clinically relevant CMV DNAemia that might be useful in clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eibensteiner
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ines Messner
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Phoebe Uhl
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Bond
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Mueller-Sacherer
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Aufricht
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krisztina Rusai
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
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Cabezas L, Truffot A, Germi R, Bugnazet M, Malvezzi P, Gnesotto M, Rostaing L, Jouve T, Noble J. Evaluation of Torque Teno Virus DNA Load as a Predictive Biomarker in Kidney Transplant Recipients Converted from Calcineurin Inhibitors to Belatacept. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1718-1729. [PMID: 38899180 PMCID: PMC11184384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Belatacept is a relevant alternative to calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) after kidney transplantation (KT). Circulating Torque Teno virus (TTV) DNA load is correlated to infections and rejection risks post-KT in patients treated with CNIs. The aim of this study was to assess the TTV DNA load profile in kidney transplant recipients converted from CNIs to belatacept and explore its use as a predictive biomarker. Methods Sixty-eight single-center kidney transplanted recipients who were converted from CNIs to belatacept between June, 2015 and December, 2020 were included in this study. Whole blood TTV DNA load was measured before, at 3, 6, and 12 months post-belatacept conversion. Our primary end point was to assess the TTV DNA load profile and correlate the results with rejection and opportunistic infection (OPI). Results TTV DNA load remained stable after belatacept conversion, that is, 3.8 (3.1-4.9), 4.4 (3.2-5.4), 4.0 (3.0-5.7) and 4.2 (3.0-5.2) log10 copies/ml at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. No correlation was found between TTV DNA load and post-KT complications. Chronic allograft dysfunction at 1 year postconversion was associated with a lower TTV DNA load after 6 and 12-months (P = 0.014 and P = 0.021, respectively). A higher TTV DNA load was found in older patients and in those with higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.023 and P = 0.005, respectively). Conclusion Conversion from CNIs to belatacept did not affect TTV DNA load. OPIs or acute rejection occurrences were not associated with TTV DNA load. However, low TTV (lTTV) DNA load after 6 months postconversion may be a promising tool to predict graft dysfunction risk at 1-year postconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cabezas
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Aurelie Truffot
- UMR 5075 CEA/CNRS/UGA IRIG IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, Grenoble, France
| | - Raphaele Germi
- UMR 5075 CEA/CNRS/UGA IRIG IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Bugnazet
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Paolo Malvezzi
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Manon Gnesotto
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, CS 10217, Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Rostaing
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Jouve
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Johan Noble
- Nephrology, Hemodialysis, Apheresis and Kidney Transplantation Department, Université Grenoble Alpes, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team Epigenetics, Immunity, Metabolism, Cell Signaling and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Kuczaj A, Przybyłowski P, Hrapkowicz T. Torque Teno Virus (TTV)-A Potential Marker of Immunocompetence in Solid Organ Recipients. Viruses 2023; 16:17. [PMID: 38275952 PMCID: PMC10818937 DOI: 10.3390/v16010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Torque Teno Virus (TTV), first discovered in 1997, is a non-pathogenic, highly prevalent virus with a notable presence in the human virome. TTV has garnered attention as a potential indicator of immunocompetence in recipients of solid organ transplants. In this review, we discuss the role of TTV as a potential marker for immunosuppression optimization, prediction of graft rejection, and as an indicator of opportunistic infections. We discuss TTV's behavior over the course of time after transplantation, TTV's implications in different immunosuppressive regimens, and potential utility in vaccinations. The review synthetizes findings from various studies depicting its potential clinical utility for future personalized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kuczaj
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (P.P.); (T.H.)
- Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Przybyłowski
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (P.P.); (T.H.)
- Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Tomasz Hrapkowicz
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (P.P.); (T.H.)
- Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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