Molecular adjuvant Ag85A enhances protection against influenza A virus in mice following DNA vaccination

DNA-based influenza vaccines as immunoprophylactic agents toward universality

Influenza is an illness of global public health concern. Influenza viruses have been responsible for several pandemics affecting humans. Current influenza vaccines have proved satisfactory safety; however, they have limitations and do not provide protection against unexpected emerging influenza virus strains. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative approaches to conventional influenza vaccines. The development of universal influenza vaccines will help alleviate the severity of influenza pandemics. Influenza DNA vaccines have been the subject of many studies over the past decades due to their ability to induce broad-based protective immune responses in various animal models. The present review highlights the recent advances in influenza DNA vaccine research and its potential as an affordable universal influenza vaccine.

IL-17A Autoantibody Induced by Recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis Expressing Ag85A-IL-17A Fusion Protein

Interleukin-17A is a newly described proinflammatory cytokine, which plays important roles in autoimmune diseases as well as asthma. In current work, we constructed a recombinant plasmid pMFA42S-Ag85a-IL-17a by inserting fusion gene Ag85a-IL-17a into shuttle vector pMFA42S, which was transformed to Mycobacterium smegmatis by electroporation to obtain recombinant M. smegmatis named rMS-Ag85a-IL-17a. The comparison of growth pattern between M. smegmatis and rMS-Ag85a-IL-17a suggested fusion gene had no significant influence on the growth of strains, and rMS-Ag85a-IL-17a expressed fusion protein Ag85A-IL-17A which had good immunogenicity revealed by Western blot. M. smegmatis and rMS-Ag85a-IL-17a were performed to intranasally immunize mice; then, antibody response in sera was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings demonstrated that rMS-Ag85a-IL-17a could induce specific IL-17A autoantibody in mice, which laid the foundation for further study.