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Apinda N, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Muenthaisong A, Sangkakam K, Nambooppha B, Rittipornlertrak A, Koonyosying P, Nair V, Sthitmatee N. Efficiency of NHEJ-CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre-LoxP Engineered Recombinant Turkey Herpesvirus Expressing Pasteurella multocida OmpH Protein for Fowl Cholera Prevention in Ducks. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1498. [PMID: 37766174 PMCID: PMC10535566 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fowl cholera is caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida, a highly transmissible avian ailment with significant global implications, leading to substantial economic repercussions. The control of fowl cholera outbreaks primarily relies on vaccination using traditional vaccines that are still in use today despite their many limitations. In this research, we describe the development of a genetically engineered herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) that carries the OmpH gene from P. multocida integrated into UL 45/46 intergenic region using CRISPR/Cas9-NHEJ and Cre-Lox system editing. The integration and expression of the foreign cassettes were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), indirect immunofluorescence assays, and Western blot assays. The novel recombinant virus (rHVT-OmpH) demonstrated stable integration of the OmpH gene even after 15 consecutive in vitro passages, along with similar in vitro growth kinetics as the parent HVT virus. The protective efficacy of the rHVT-OmpH vaccine was evaluated in vaccinated ducks by examining the levels of P. multocida OmpH-specific antibodies in serum samples using ELISA. Groups of ducks that received the rHVT-OmpH vaccine or the rOmpH protein with Montanide™ (SEPPIC, Paris, France) adjuvant exhibited high levels of antibodies, in contrast to the negative control groups that received the parental HVT or PBS. The recombinant rHVT-OmpH vaccine also provided complete protection against exposure to virulent P. multocida X-73 seven days post-vaccination. This outcome not only demonstrates that the HVT vector possesses many characteristics of an ideal recombinant viral vaccine vector for protecting non-chicken hosts, such as ducks, but also represents significant research progress in identifying a modern, effective vaccine candidate for combatting ancient infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Apinda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.N.)
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.N.)
| | - Anucha Muenthaisong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sangkakam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Boondarika Nambooppha
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Amarin Rittipornlertrak
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Pongpisid Koonyosying
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking GU24 0NF, UK; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (V.N.)
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine and Biological Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (N.A.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (B.N.); (A.R.); (P.K.)
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Abstract
The different technology platforms used to make poultry vaccines are reviewed. Vaccines based on classical technologies are either live attenuated or inactivated vaccines. Genetic engineering is applied to design by deletion, mutation, insertion, or chimerization, genetically modified target microorganisms that are used either as live or inactivated vaccines. Other vaccine platforms are based on one or a few genes of the target pathogen agent coding for proteins that can induce a protective immune response ("protective genes"). These genes can be expressed in vitro to produce subunit vaccines. Alternatively, vectors carrying these genes in their genome or nucleic acid-based vaccines will induce protection by in vivo expression of these genes in the vaccinated host. Properties of these different types of vaccines, including advantages and limitations, are reviewed, focusing mainly on vaccines targeting viral diseases and on technologies that succeeded in market authorization.
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Apinda N, Muenthaisong A, Chomjit P, Sangkakam K, Nambooppha B, Rittipornlertrak A, Koonyosying P, Yao Y, Nair V, Sthitmatee N. Simultaneous Protective Immune Responses of Ducks against Duck Plague and Fowl Cholera by Recombinant Duck Enteritis Virus Vector Expressing Pasteurella multocida OmpH Gene. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081358. [PMID: 36016245 PMCID: PMC9415155 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck enteritis virus and Pasteurella multocida are major duck pathogens that induce duck plague and fowl cholera, respectively, in ducks and other waterfowl populations, leading to high levels of morbidity and mortality. Immunization with live attenuated DEV vaccine containing P. multocida outer membrane protein H (OmpH) can provide the most effective protection against these two infectious diseases in ducks. We have recently reported the construction of recombinant DEV expressing P. multocida ompH gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing strategy with the goal of using it as a bivalent vaccine that can simultaneously protect against both infections. Here we describe the findings of our investigation into the systemic immune responses, potency and clinical protection induced by the two recombinant DEV-ompH vaccine constructs, where one copy each of the ompH gene was inserted into the DEV genome at the UL55-LORF11 and UL44-44.5 intergenic regions, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the insertion of the ompH gene exerted no adverse effect on the DEV parental virus. Moreover, ducklings immunized with the rDEV-ompH-UL55 and rDEV-ompH-UL44 vaccines induced promising levels of P. multocida OmpH-specific as well as DEV-specific antibodies and were completely protected from both diseases. Analysis of the humoral and cellular immunity confirmed the immunogenicity of both recombinant vaccines, which provided strong immune responses against DEV and P. multocida. This study not only provides insights into understanding the immune responses of ducks to recombinant DEV-ompH vaccines but also demonstrates the potential for simultaneous prevention of viral and bacterial infections using viral vectors expressing bacterial immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Apinda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Anucha Muenthaisong
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Paweena Chomjit
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kanokwan Sangkakam
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Boondarika Nambooppha
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Amarin Rittipornlertrak
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Pongpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Venugopal Nair
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Nattawooti Sthitmatee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Excellence Center in Veterinary Bioscience, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-53-948-017; Fax: +66-53-948-041
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