1
|
Kim SW, Lee SH, Kim HH, Shin SH, Park SH, Park JH, Kim J, Park CK. Evaluation of Swine Protection with Three Commercial Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccines against Heterologous Challenge with Type A ASIA/G-VII Lineage Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:476. [PMID: 38793727 PMCID: PMC11125601 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks caused by foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) A/ASIA/G-VII lineage viruses have often occurred in Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian countries since 2015. Because A/ASIA/G-VII lineage viruses are reported to have distinct antigenic relatedness with available commercial FMD vaccine strains, it is necessary to investigate whether inoculation with vaccines used in Korea could confer cross-protection against A/ASIA/G-VII lineage viruses. In the present study, we conducted two vaccination challenge trials to evaluate the efficacy of three commercial FMD vaccines (O/Manisa + O/3039 + A/Iraq, O/Campos + A/Cruzeiro + A/2001, and O/Primorsky + A/Zabaikalsky) against heterologous challenge with ASIA/G-VII lineage viruses (A/TUR/13/2017 or A/BHU/3/2017 strains) in pigs. In each trial, clinical signs, viremia, and salivary shedding of virus were measured for 7 days after challenge. In summary, the O/Campos + A/Cruzeiro + A/2001 vaccine provided full protection against two A/ASIA/G-VII lineage viruses in vaccinated pigs, where significant protection was observed. Although unprotected animals were observed in groups vaccinated with O/Manisa + O/3039 + A/Iraq or O/Primorsky + A/Zabaikalsky vaccines, the clinical scores and viral RNA levels in the sera and oral swabs of vaccinated animals were significantly lower than those of unvaccinated controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Woo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Seung Heon Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ha-Hyun Kim
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Ho Shin
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jaejo Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon City 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea; (S.W.K.); (S.H.L.); (S.-H.S.); (S.-H.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80, Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin JS, Lee G, Kim JY, Lee S, Park JH, Park SY, Ko YJ. Calcium Chloride as a Novel Stabilizer for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus and Its Application in the Vaccine Formulation. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:367. [PMID: 38675749 PMCID: PMC11054701 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The thermal stability of the in-house-developed foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) type O and A viruses was evaluated, and the O Jincheon virus was found to exhibit the lowest thermal stability. To overcome this instability, we proposed a novel stabilizer, calcium chloride. The thermal stability of FMDVs increased up to a CaCl2 concentration of 10 mM, and it had a decreasing trend at >30 mM. The O Jincheon virus showed a significant decrease in the amount of antigen over time at 4 °C. In contrast, the samples treated with CaCl2 showed stable preservation of the virus without significant antigen loss. After the CaCl2-formulated vaccine was administered twice to pigs, the virus neutralization titer reached approximately 1:1000, suggesting that the vaccine could protect pigs against the FMDV challenge. In summary, the O Jincheon virus is difficult to utilize as a vaccine given its low stability during storage after antigen production. However, following its treatment with CaCl2, it can be easily utilized as a vaccine. This study evaluated CaCl2 as a novel stabilizer in FMD vaccines and may contribute to the development of stable vaccine formulations, especially for inherently unstable FMDV strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sun Young Park
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.S.J.); (G.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeoksin-8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (J.S.J.); (G.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim JY, Park SY, Park SH, Lee G, Jin JS, Kim D, Park JH, Jeong SY, Ko YJ. Evaluation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) Virus Asia1 Genotype-V as an FMD Vaccine Candidate: Study on Vaccine Antigen Production Yield and Inactivation Kinetics. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:185. [PMID: 38400168 PMCID: PMC10892639 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
South Korea has experienced outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) of serotypes O and A, leading to nationwide vaccination with a bivalent vaccine. Since the FMD virus (FMDV) Asia1 group-V genotype occurred in North Korea in 2007, an Asia1/MOG/05 vaccine strain belonging to the Asia1 group-V genotype was developed using a genetic recombination method (Asia1/MOG/05-R). This study aimed to evaluate the antigen productivity and viral inactivation kinetics of Asia1/MOG/05-R to assess its commercial viability. The antigen yield of Asia1/MOG/05-R produced in flasks and bioreactors was approximately 4.0 μg/mL. Binary ethylenimine (BEI) inactivation kinetics of Asia1/MOG/05-R showed that 2 mM and 1.0 mM BEI treatment at 26 °C and 37 °C, respectively, resulted in a virus titer <10-7 TCID50/mL within 24 h, meeting the inactivation kinetics criteria. During incubation at 26 °C and 37 °C, 10% antigen loss occurred, but not due to BEI treatment. When pigs were inoculated twice with the Asia1/MOG/05-R antigen, the virus neutralization titer increased to approximately 1:1000; therefore, it can sufficiently protect against Asia1/MOG/05-R and Asia1 Shamir viruses. The Asia1/MOG/05-R will be useful as a vaccine strain for domestic antigen banks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 38430, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sun Young Park
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Gyeongmin Lee
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Sook Jin
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 38430, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Center for FMD Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 177, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.Y.P.); (S.H.P.); (G.L.); (J.-S.J.); (D.K.); (J.-H.P.)
| |
Collapse
|