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Wu P, Mo W, Tian T, Song K, Lyu Y, Ren H, Zhou J, Yu Y, Lu H. Transfer of disulfide bond formation modules via yeast artificial chromosomes promotes the expression of heterologous proteins in Kluyveromyces marxianus. MLIFE 2024; 3:129-142. [PMID: 38827505 PMCID: PMC11139206 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Kluyveromyces marxianus is a food-safe yeast with great potential for producing heterologous proteins. Improving the yield in K. marxianus remains a challenge and incorporating large-scale functional modules poses a technical obstacle in engineering. To address these issues, linear and circular yeast artificial chromosomes of K. marxianus (KmYACs) were constructed and loaded with disulfide bond formation modules from Pichia pastoris or K. marxianus. These modules contained up to seven genes with a maximum size of 15 kb. KmYACs carried telomeres either from K. marxianus or Tetrahymena. KmYACs were transferred successfully into K. marxianus and stably propagated without affecting the normal growth of the host, regardless of the type of telomeres and configurations of KmYACs. KmYACs increased the overall expression levels of disulfide bond formation genes and significantly enhanced the yield of various heterologous proteins. In high-density fermentation, the use of KmYACs resulted in a glucoamylase yield of 16.8 g/l, the highest reported level to date in K. marxianus. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of cells containing KmYACs suggested increased flavin adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, enhanced flux entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and a preferred demand for lysine and arginine as features of cells overexpressing heterologous proteins. Consistently, supplementing lysine or arginine further improved the yield. Therefore, KmYAC provides a powerful platform for manipulating large modules with enormous potential for industrial applications and fundamental research. Transferring the disulfide bond formation module via YACs proves to be an efficient strategy for improving the yield of heterologous proteins, and this strategy may be applied to optimize other microbial cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjuan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Kunfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Yilin Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Haiyan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Jungang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial MicroorganismsShanghaiChina
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Ai Y, Luo R, Yang D, Ma J, Yu Y, Lu H. Fluorescence lifetime imaging of NAD(P)H upon oxidative stress in Kluyveromyces marxianus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:998800. [PMID: 36118576 PMCID: PMC9479077 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.998800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
K. marxianus is a promising cell factory for producing heterologous proteins. Oxidative stresses were raised during overexpression of heterologous proteins, leading to the shift of the redox state. How to measure the redox state of live K. marxianus cells without perturbing their growth remains a big challenge. Here, a fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM)-based method was developed in live K. marxianus cells. During the early exponential growth, K. marxianus cells exhibited an increased mean fluorescence lifetime (τ-mean) of NAD(P)H compared with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, which was consistent with the preference for respiration in K. marxianus cells and that for fermentation in S. cerevisiae cells. Upon oxidative stresses induced by high temperature or H2O2, K. marxianus cells exhibited an increased τ-mean in company with decreased intracellular NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+, suggesting a correlation between an increased τ-mean and a more oxidized redox state. The relationship between τ-mean and the expression level of a heterologous protein was investigated. There was no difference between the τ-means of K. marxianus strains which were not producing a heterologous protein. The τ-mean of a strain yielding a high level of a heterologous protein was higher than that of a low-yielding strain. The results suggested the potential application of FLIM in the non-invasive screen of high-yielding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, Department of Optical Science and Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yao Yu, ; Hong Lu,
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yao Yu, ; Hong Lu,
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Trapp J, Rautenschlein S. Infectious bursal disease virus' interferences with host immune cells: What do we know? Avian Pathol 2022; 51:303-316. [PMID: 35616498 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2080641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInfectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) induces one of the most important immunosuppressive diseases in chickens leading to high economic losses due increased mortality and condemnation rates, secondary infections and the need for antibiotic treatment. Over 400 publications have been listed in PubMed.gov in the last five years pointing out the research interest in this disease and the development of improved preventive measures. While B cells are the main target cells of the virus, also other immune and non-immune cell populations are affected leading a multifaceted impact on the normally well orchestrated immune system in IBDV-infected birds. Recent studies clearly revealed the contribution of innate immune cells as well as T cells to a cytokine storm and subsequent death of affected birds in the acute phase of the disease. Transcriptomics identified differential regulation of immune related genes between different chicken genotypes as well as virus strains, which may be associated with a variable disease outcome. The recent availability of primary B cell culture systems allowed a closer look into virus-host interactions during IBDV-infection. The new emerging field of research with transgenic chickens will open up new opportunities to understand the impact of IBDV on the host also under in vivo conditions, which will help to understand the complex virus-host interactions further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Trapp
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Rautenschlein
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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