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Makanya A, Djonov V. Anatomical and Functional Study of the Ostrich ( Struthio camelus) Lung through Macroscopic Analysis in Combination with Optical and Electron Microscopy Techniques. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:316. [PMID: 38275776 PMCID: PMC10812698 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ostrich occupies a unique position as the largest bird on the planet. Like other ratites, it has been reputed to have a phylogenetically primitive lung. We used macroscopy, light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy as well as silicon rubber casting to elucidate the functional design of its lung and compare it with what is already documented for the avian species. The neopulmonic region was very small and poorly developed. The categories of the secondary bronchi (SB) present and their respective numbers included laterodorsal (8-10), lateroventral (4-5), medioventral (4-6) and posterior (16-24). The lateral aspects of the laterodorsals were covered with a transparent collapsible membrane internally lined with a squamous to cuboidal epithelium. The bulk of these SB were in close proximity to intercostal spaces and the intercostal muscles and were thought to be important in the propulsion of gases. The lung parenchyma was rigid, with the atria well supported by septa containing smooth muscles, connective tissue interparabronchial septa were absent, and blood capillaries were supported by epithelial bridges. There were two categories of epithelia bridges: the homogenous squamous type comprising two leaflets of type I cells and the heterogeneous type consisting of a type I pneumocyte and type II cell. Additional type two cells were found at the atrial openings as well as the walls of the infundibulae and the air capillaries. The atria were shallow and opened either directly into several air capillaries or into a few infundibulae. The presence of numerous type II cells and the absence of interparabronchial connective tissue septa may imply that the ostrich lung could be capable of some degree of compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Makanya
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Riverside Drive, Chiromo Campus, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3000 Berne, Switzerland;
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Wang L, Yan J, XinyuWang, Xu Y, Pan D, Chen C, Shao Y, Song X, Qi K, Yang M, Tu J. Evaluation of chicken chorioallantoic membrane model for tumor imaging and drug development: Promising findings. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38230452 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model is a potential alternative to the mouse model based on the 3R principles. However, its value for determination of the in vivo behaviors of radiolabeled peptides through positron emission tomography (PET) imaging needed investigation. Herein, the chicken CAM tumor models were established, and their feasibility was evaluated for evaluating the imaging properties of radiolabeled peptides using a 68 Ga-labeled HER2 affibody. METHODS Two human breast cancer cell lines were inoculated into chicken CAM and mice, respectively. The tumor-targeting potential and pharmacokinetic profile of a 68 Ga-labeled affibody, 68 Ga-MZHER, in both tumor models were also determined. RESULTS The tumor-formation time in chicken CAM model was shorter than that of mouse model. The uptake values of human epithelial growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive Bcap37 tumors in chicken CAM and mouse models were 5.36 ± 0.26% ID/g and 5.26 ± 0.43% ID/g at 30 min postinjection of 68 Ga-MZHER, respectively. At the same time points, the uptake values of HER2-negative MDA-MB-231 tumors in the chicken CAM models and mouse models were 1.57 ± 0.15% ID/g and 1.67 ± 0.25% ID/g, respectively. Ex vivo biodistribution confirmed that more radioactivity accumulated in Bcap37 tumors than in MDA-MD-231 tumors in both CAM and mouse models. CONCLUSION In this study, the CAM tumor model was successfully prepared. The chicken CAM model is a novel tool for quickly determining the in vivo properties of radiolabeled peptides targeting biomarkers. It may be beneficial for early monitoring of the therapeutic effect of a new drug through PET imaging with specific peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - XinyuWang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangjun Song
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Mesas C, Chico MA, Doello K, Lara P, Moreno J, Melguizo C, Perazzoli G, Prados J. Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:837. [PMID: 38255911 PMCID: PMC10815318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, generated during avian development, can be used in cancer research as an alternative in vivo model to perform tumorigenesis in ovo due to advantages such as simplicity, low cost, rapid growth, and being naturally immunodeficient. The aim of this systematic review has been to compile and analyze all studies that use the CAM assay as a tumor induction model. For that, a systematic search was carried out in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and WOS. After eliminating duplicates and following the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 74 articles were included. Of these, 62% use the in ovo technique, 13% use the ex ovo technique, 9% study the formation of metastasis, and 16% induce tumors from patient biopsies. Regarding the methodology followed, the main species used is chicken (95%), although some studies use quail eggs (4%), and one article uses ostrich eggs. Therefore, the CAM assay is a revolutionary technique that allows a simple and effective way to induce tumors, test the effectiveness of treatments, carry out metastasis studies, perform biopsy grafts of patients, and carry out personalized medicine. However, unification of the methodology used is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Maria Angeles Chico
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Kevin Doello
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Service of Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Lara
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Moreno
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), 18100 Granada, Spain; (C.M.); (P.L.); (J.M.); (J.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain; (M.A.C.); (K.D.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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