1
|
Park KH, Kim TU, Park HW, Lee SW, Baek SM, Noh D, Yim JH, Lee YJ, Kim YG, Son DJ, Park SJ, Choi SK, Lee K, Park LC, Park JK. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the oral cavity metastasising to both kidneys in a dog. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:1053-1061. [PMID: 36748292 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most extramedullary plasmacytomas (EMPs) aresolitary and located in the head and neck region. They may also occur in the visceral parts of the body. OBJECTIVES Here, we report a case of oral EMP followed by neoplastic plasma cell metastasis to both kidneys in a neutered male Pomeranian. METHODS Oral plasmacytoma recurred 11 months aftersurgical removal of an oral mass and partial maxillectomy was performed. Eighteen months after partial maxillectomy, neoplastic masses were detected in both kidneys on computed tomography. The dog died 12 months after detection of bilateral kidney neoplasms. The resected neoplastic masses were routinely processed for histopathological observation and immunohistochemistry against pan-cytokeratin, desmin, CD3, and MUM-1. RESULTS The recurred mass mainly consisted of well-differentiated plasma cells and contained a small portion of aggressive cells with malignant features. Monoclonal gammopathy was not observed on serumelectrophoresis performed to exclude multiple myeloma. The mass was composed of plasma cells with high nuclear pleomorphism and abundant mitotic figures. The neoplasm stained positive for MUM-1 with a more aggressive morphology than in oral EMP. CONCLUSION Based on serum biomarker and pathological observations, a diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis of oral-to-renal EMP was established. To the best of our knowledge, metastasis of oral EMP into the bilateral kidneys, as described in the current case, has not been previously reported in dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ho Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Naason Science, Inc., Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Un Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seoung-Woo Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Baek
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Daji Noh
- 24 Africa Animal Medical Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Yim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dong-Ju Son
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center (CPRC), Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kija Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jin-Kyu Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee S, Jang Y, Lee G, Jeon S, Kim D, Choi J. CT features of malignant and benign oral tumors in 28 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2021; 62:549-556. [PMID: 34236121 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved understanding of the computed tomographic (CT) features for malignant versus benign oral tumors would be helpful for guiding prognosis and treatment planning decisions in dogs. This retrospective, multi-center, observational study compared the CT features of malignant and benign tumors in 28 dogs with 31 oral masses. Malignant tumors were present in 20 dogs, including malignant melanoma (n = 14), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 4), adenocarcinoma (n = 1), and fibrosarcoma (n = 1). Eight dogs had benign tumors, including giant cell granuloma (n = 2), peripheral odontogenic fibroma (n = 2), acanthomatous ameloblastoma (n = 2), plasmacytoma (n = 1), and oncocytoma (n = 1). Common CT features of malignant tumors included heterogeneous enhancement, tumor invasion into the adjacent bone, tooth loss, and ipsilateral mandibular lymphadenopathy. Malignant tumors were significantly larger than benign tumors. Bone lysis was found in benign tumors (n = 4) such as acanthomatous ameloblastoma, giant cell granuloma, and plasmacytoma. The bone lysis was a well-defined geographic area regardless of malignancy and tumor type. In periosteal reactions, amorphous patterns were seen in both malignant (n = 2) and benign tumors (n = 2); the latter subgroup also showed solid patterns. Bone expansion (n = 2) was identified in malignant melanoma and acanthomatous ameloblastoma. Findings supported a diagnosis of possible malignancy for dogs with oral tumors having the following CT characteristics: large size, heterogeneous contrast enhancement pattern, bone lysis, tooth loss, and ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. However, there was a considerable overlap of CT findings among the different types of oral tumors and between benign and malignant tumors. Histological evaluation therefore remains necessary for definitive diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Youjung Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Gahyun Lee
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Dongeun Kim
- Yong Animal Medical Center, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Jihye Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elliott J, Looper J, Keyerleber M, Turek M, Blackwood L, Henry J, Gieger T. Response and outcome following radiation therapy of macroscopic canine plasma cell tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:718-726. [PMID: 32419347 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Thirty dogs with macroscopic plasma cell tumours (PCTs) were treated with radiation therapy (RT). Twelve patients were treated with palliative-intent prescriptions (range, 4-10 Gy/fraction (median, 7 Gy/fraction) for a total dose of 20 to 35 Gy (median total dose 30 Gy). Eighteen patients received definitive-intent prescriptions (range, 3.0-4.2 Gy/fraction (median, 3 Gy/fraction) for a total dose of 42 to 54 Gy (median total dose 48 Gy). Involved sites included the oral cavity, skin, multiple myeloma (MM)-associated lytic bone lesions, bone (solitary osseous plasmacytoma; SOP), nasal cavity, larynx, retrobulbar space, lymph node and rectum. Ninety-five percent of evaluable dogs had a complete (CR; 16/22) or partial response (PR; 5/22). Patients with MM experienced significant analgesia. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 611 days (range: 36-2001 days). Events in the non-MM cases included in-field progression (5/26, 19%) and disseminated disease (5/26, 19%). The median survival time (MST) for all dogs was 697 days (range: 71-2075 days), and when only non-MM cases were considered, MST was 771 days (range: 71-2075 days). Fourteen patients were alive without disease progression or had died of unrelated causes. Achievement of a PR was associated with an inferior PFS and MST as compared with CR. Palliative-intent RT was associated with inferior MST as compared with definitive-intent RT. RT is a useful therapeutic modality for PCTs and tumour responses are often complete and durable, with protracted survivals. The optimal radiation dose and schedule are yet to be defined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Elliott
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jayme Looper
- Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Michele Keyerleber
- Tufts University, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle Turek
- University of Wisconsin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura Blackwood
- University of Liverpool, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joshua Henry
- Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Tracy Gieger
- North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|