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Zhang F, Hou W, Yang Z, Wang Z, Chen R, Drioli E, Wang X, Cui Z. Treatment of Aniline Wastewater by Membrane Distillation and Crystallization. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:561. [PMID: 37367765 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Aniline is a highly toxic organic pollutant with "carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenesis" characteristics. In the present paper, a membrane distillation and crystallization (MDCr) process was proposed to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) of aniline wastewater. Hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were used in the membrane distillation (MD) process. The effects of the feed solution temperature and flow rate on the MD performance were investigated. The results showed that the flux of the MD process was up to 20 L·m-2·h-1 and the salt rejection was above 99% under the feeding condition of 60 °C and 500 mL/min. The effect of Fenton oxidation pretreatment on the removal rate of aniline in aniline wastewater was also investigated, and the possibility of realizing the ZLD of aniline wastewater in the MDCr process was verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhonglin Yang
- SINOPEC Nanjing Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210048, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rizhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Enrico Drioli
- Research Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, Via Pietro Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Xiaozu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoliang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Special Separation Membrane, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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Aijaz MO, Yang SB, Karim MR, Othman MHD, Alnaser IA. Preparation and Characterization of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly (ethylene glycol)-Poly(propyl glycol)-Poly(ethylene glycol) Blended Nanofiber Membranes for Fog Collection. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:membranes13010032. [PMID: 36676839 PMCID: PMC9867471 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fog is a resource with great potential to capture fresh water from the atmosphere, regardless of the geographical and hydrological conditions. Micro-sized fog collection requires materials with hydrophilic/phobic patterns. In this study, we prepared hydrophilic poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propyl glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) blended nanofiber membranes with various PEG-PPG-PEG concentrations by electrospinning. Changes in the morphological and chemical properties, surface wettability, and thermal stability of the PLA/PEG-PPG-PEG composite nanofiber membranes were confirmed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, contact angle testing, and thermogravimetric analysis. As the PEG-PPG-PEG content of the nanofiber membranes increased, their hydrophilicity increased. Water stability, membrane porosity, and water transport rate tests were also conducted to observe the behavior of the hydrophilic PLA nanocomposite membranes in aqueous media. Finally, we applied the PLA-based membranes as fog collectors. As the PEG-PPG-PEG content of the nanofiber membranes increased, their ability to collect fog increased by over 40% compared with that collected by a pure PLA membrane. The prepared membranes not only improve the ability of fog collectors to harvest water but also broaden the use of PLA-based membranes in multiple applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, scaffolds, and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Omer Aijaz
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia
| | - Seong Baek Yang
- Department of Biofibers and Biomaterials Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Karim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdullah Alnaser
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Wae AbdulKadir WAF, Ahmad AL, Ooi BS. Hydrophobic Montmorillonite/PVDF Membrane: Experimental Investigation of Membrane Synthesis toward Wetting Characterization and Performance via DCMD. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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4
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Zare S, Kargari A. CFD simulation and optimization of an energy-efficient direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) desalination system. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Investigations on the effect of spacer in direct contact and air gap membrane distillation using computational fluid dynamics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets incorporated photocatalytic polyvinylidene fluoride mixed matrix membranes for textile wastewater treatment via vacuum-assisted distillation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Tan DY, Hashimoto T, Takizawa S. 3D modeling of PVDF membrane aging using scanning electron microscope and OpenCV image analysis. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Arjmand E, Mansourizadeh A, Ghaedi AM, Rahbari‐Sisakht M. Surface modification of porous polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane by sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) coating for membrane distillation of oily wastewater. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Arjmand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Technology Research Center (MSTRC), Gachsaran Branch Islamic Azad University Gachsaran Iran
| | - Amir Mansourizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Technology Research Center (MSTRC), Gachsaran Branch Islamic Azad University Gachsaran Iran
| | - Abdol Mohammad Ghaedi
- Department of Chemistry, Membrane Science and Technology Research Center (MSTRC), Gachsaran Branch Islamic Azad University Gachsaran Iran
| | - Masoud Rahbari‐Sisakht
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Technology Research Center (MSTRC), Gachsaran Branch Islamic Azad University Gachsaran Iran
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Patala R, Mahlangu OT, Nyoni H, Mamba BB, Kuvarega AT. In Situ Generation of Fouling Resistant Ag/Pd Modified PES Membranes for Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080762. [PMID: 36005677 PMCID: PMC9415414 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Ag and Pd bimetallic nanoparticles were generated in situ in polyethersulfone (PES) dope solutions, and membranes were fabricated through a phase inversion method. The membranes were characterized for various physical and chemical properties using techniques such as FTIR, SEM, AFM, TEM, EDS, and contact angle measurements. The membranes were then evaluated for their efficiency in rejecting EOCs and resistance to protein fouling. TEM micrographs showed uniform distribution of Ag/Pd nanoparticles within the PES matrix, while SEM images showed uniform, fingerlike structures that were not affected by the presence of embedded nanoparticles. The presence of Ag/Pd nanoparticles resulted in rougher membranes. There was an increase in membrane hydrophilicity with increasing nanoparticles loading, which resulted in improved pure water permeability (37−135 Lm2h−1bar−1). The membranes exhibited poor salt rejection (<15%), making them less susceptible to flux decline due to concentration polarization. With a mean pore radius of 2.39−4.70 nm, the membranes effectively removed carbamazepine, caffeine, sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen, and naproxen (up to 40%), with size exclusion being the major removal mechanism. Modifying the membranes with Ag/Pd nanoparticles improved their antifouling properties, making them a promising innovation for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.
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Mahlangu OT, Motsa MM, Nkambule TI, Mamba BB. Rejection of trace organic compounds by membrane processes: mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2021-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This work critically reviews the application of various membrane separation processes (MSPs) in treating water polluted with trace organic compounds (TOrCs) paying attention to nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), membrane bioreactor (MBR), forward osmosis (FO), and membrane distillation (MD). Furthermore, the focus is on loopholes that exist when investigating mechanisms through which membranes reject/retain TOrCs, with the emphasis on the characteristics of the model TOrCs which would facilitate the identification of all the potential mechanisms of rejection. An explanation is also given as to why it is important to investigate rejection using real water samples, especially when aiming for industrial application of membranes with novel materials. MSPs such as NF and RO are prone to fouling which often leads to lower permeate flux and solute rejection, presumably due to cake-enhanced concentration polarisation (CECP) effects. This review demonstrates why CECP effects are not always the reason behind the observed decline in the rejection of TOrCs by fouled membranes. To mitigate for fouling, researchers have often modified the membrane surfaces by incorporating nanoparticles. This review also attempts to explain why nano-engineered membranes have not seen a breakthrough at industrial scale. Finally, insight is provided into the possibility of harnessing solar and wind energy to drive energy intensive MSPs. Focus is also paid into how low-grade energy could be stored and applied to recover diluted draw solutions in FO mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oranso T. Mahlangu
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Machawe M. Motsa
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Thabo I. Nkambule
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
| | - Bhekie B. Mamba
- College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus , Roodepoort 1709 , South Africa
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11
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Abdelrazeq H, Khraisheh M, Hassan MK. Long-Term Treatment of Highly Saline Brine in a Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) Pilot Unit Using Polyethylene Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040424. [PMID: 35448393 PMCID: PMC9031770 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive separation process for wastewater treatment and desalination. There are continuing challenges in implementing MD technologies at a large industrial scale. This work attempts to investigate the desalination performance of a pilot-scale direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system using synthetic thermal brine mimicking industrial wastewater in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). A commercial polyethylene membrane was used in all tests in the DCMD pilot unit. Long-term performance exhibited up to 95.6% salt rejection rates using highly saline feed (75,500 ppm) and 98% using moderate saline feed (25,200 ppm). The results include the characterization of the membrane surface evolution during the tests, the fouling determination, and the assessment of the energy consumption. The fouling effect of the polyethylene membrane was studied using Humic acid (HA) as the feed for the whole DCMD pilot unit. An optimum specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) reduction of 10% was achieved with a high flux recovery ratio of 95% after 100 h of DCMD pilot operation. At fixed operating conditions for feed inlet temperature of 70 °C, a distillate inlet temperature of 20 °C, with flowrates of 70 l/h for both streams, the correlations were as high as 0.919 between the pure water flux and water contact angle, and 0.963 between the pure water flux and salt rejection, respectively. The current pilot unit study provides better insight into existing thermal desalination plants with an emphasis on specific energy consumption (SEC). The results of this study may pave the way for the commercialization of such filtration technology at a larger scale in global communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Abdelrazeq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Majeda Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammad K. Hassan
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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12
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Pollution and Cleaning of PDMS Pervaporation Membranes after Recovering Ethyl Acetate from Aqueous Saline Solutions. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040404. [PMID: 35448374 PMCID: PMC9029142 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wastewater containing nonvolatile salts has become an important and interesting case of the application of the pervaporation (PV) process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of salts on the PV removal of ethyl acetate from wastewater using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. The fouled membrane was then characterized via scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDX) to investigate salt permeation. The membrane backflushing process was carried out by periodically flushing the permeate side of the tubular membrane. The results demonstrated that salts (NaCl and CaCl2) could permeate through the PDMS membrane and were deposited on the permeate side. The presence of salts in the feed solution caused a slight increase in the membrane selectivity and a decrease in the permeate flux. The flux decreased with increasing salt concentration, and a notable effect occurred at higher feed-salt concentrations. A permeate flux of up to 98.3% of the original flux was recovered when the permeation time and backflushing duration were 30 and 5 min, respectively, indicating that the effect of salt deposition on flux reduction could be mitigated. Real, organic, saline wastewater was treated in a pilot plant, which further verified the feasibility of wastewater PV treatment.
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Agamparam H, Rahman SA. Surface Modification of PVDF Membrane Using Formic Acid for Enhance the Hydrophobicity for Desalination. MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM 2022; 1056:151-158. [DOI: 10.4028/p-huytdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven membrane separation process. In recent years, MD is considered as a key technology for desalination applications. It has been proven that it has numerous advantages compared to other desalination processes such as reverse osmosis. The thermal driving force, no osmotic pressure effect on membrane fluxes are among the advantages of this MD process. Membranes fabricated from hydrophobic polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can be a great choice for MD for the desalination process. However, MD membranes are still held back by some problems, most notably due to pore wetting effects, thereby limiting their use in treating seawater for desalination propose. This study proposes the use of carboxylic acid to modify the PVDF membrane to increase its hydrophobicity as a solution to avoid wetting in MD for water desalination. As a first step, membrane produced using PVDF pellets under the phase inversion method. Then the membrane underwent modification using 5wt%, 10wt% and 15wt% of formic acid via immersion technique. The characteristics of membrane produced observed by the contact angle, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and membrane performance test. The impact of the concentration of formic acid solution and feed temperature on the membrane was evaluated. The result showed that by modifying the membrane with formic acid resulted in the increase in contact angle from unmodified PVDF membrane, 83.03° to 100.88° when the membrane modified with formic acid with concentration was 10 wt%. It was subsequently shown through FTIR peaks that formic acid successfully modified the PVDF membranes. Highest salt rejection percentage was also obtained with 68.9% when the feed temperature is 60 °C.
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Khoerunnisa F, Nurhayati M, Annisa NAA, Fatimah S, Nashrah N, Hendrawan H, Ko YG, Ng EP, Opaprakasit P. Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride Contents on Structures, Properties, and Ultrafiltration Performances of Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030268. [PMID: 35323744 PMCID: PMC8952018 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of benzalkonium chloride (BKC) contents on the structure, properties, and ultrafiltration performance of chitosan-based nanocomposite membranes containing poly(ethylene glycol) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (chitosan/BKC/PEG/CNT) were examined. The membranes were prepared by a mixing solution method and phase inversion before being characterized with microscopic techniques, tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, water contact angle, and porosity measurements. The performance of the nanocomposite membranes in regard to permeability (flux) and permselectivity (rejection) was examined. The results show that the incorporation of BKC produced nanocomposite membranes with smaller pore structures and improved physico-chemical properties, such as an increase in porosity and surface roughness (Ra = 45.15 to 145.35 nm and Rq = 53.69 to 167.44 nm), an enhancement in the elongation at break from 45 to 109%, and an enhancement in the mechanical strength from 31.2 to 45.8 MPa. In contrast, a decrease in the membrane hydrophilicity (water contact angle increased from 56.3 to 82.8°) and a decrease in the average substructure pore size from 32.64 to 10.08 nm were observed. The membrane rejection performances toward Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) increased with the BKC composition in both dead-end and cross-flow filtration processes. The chitosan/BKC/PEG/CNT nanocomposite membranes have great potential in wastewater treatments for minimizing biofouling without reducing the water purification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitri Khoerunnisa
- Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia; (M.N.); (N.A.A.A.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (F.K.); (P.O.)
| | - Mita Nurhayati
- Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia; (M.N.); (N.A.A.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Noor Azmi Aulia Annisa
- Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia; (M.N.); (N.A.A.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Siti Fatimah
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (S.F.); (N.N.); (Y.-G.K.)
| | - Nisa Nashrah
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (S.F.); (N.N.); (Y.-G.K.)
| | - Hendrawan Hendrawan
- Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia; (M.N.); (N.A.A.A.); (H.H.)
| | - Young-Gun Ko
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea; (S.F.); (N.N.); (Y.-G.K.)
| | - Eng-Poh Ng
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Pakorn Opaprakasit
- School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology (SIIT), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12121, Thailand
- Correspondence: (F.K.); (P.O.)
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Xia W, Peng G, Hu Y, Dou G. Desired properties and corresponding improvement measures of electrospun nanofibers for membrane distillation, reinforcement, and self‐healing applications. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihai Xia
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Guangjian Peng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Yahao Hu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Guijing Dou
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
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16
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Experimental study and numerical optimization for removal of methyl orange using polytetrafluoroethylene membranes in vacuum membrane distillation process. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Membrane Distillation of Saline Water Contaminated with Oil and Surfactants. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120988. [PMID: 34940489 PMCID: PMC8708787 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Application of the membrane distillation (MD) process for the treatment of high-salinity solutions contaminated with oil and surfactants represents an interesting area of research. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of low-concentration surfactants in oil-contaminated high-salinity solutions on the MD process efficiency. For this purpose, hydrophobic capillary polypropylene (PP) membranes were tested during the long-term MD studies. Baltic Sea water and concentrated NaCl solutions were used as a feed. The feed water was contaminated with oil collected from bilge water and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). It has been demonstrated that PP membranes were non-wetted during the separation of pure NaCl solutions over 960 h of the module exploitation. The presence of oil (100–150 mg/L) in concentrated NaCl solutions caused the adsorption of oil on the membranes surface and a decrease in the permeate flux of 30%. In turn, the presence of SDS (1.5–2.5 mg/L) in the oil-contaminated high-salinity solutions slightly accelerated the phenomenon of membrane wetting. The partial pores’ wetting accelerated the internal scaling and affected degradation of the membrane’s structure. Undoubtedly, the results obtained in the present study may have important implications for understanding the effect of low-concentration SDS on MD process efficiency.
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Bora U, Purkait MK. Promising integrated technique for the treatment of highly saline nanofiltration rejected stream of steel industry. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113781. [PMID: 34560466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a novel concept for the integration of closed-circuit reverse osmosis (CCRO) technology and solvent-based precipitation as a means of producing an exceptional quality of water by separating the salts especially chlorides and sulphates from highly saline nanofiltration (NF) rejected stream of the steel industry. The NF rejected stream was extremely concentrated with salts like chloride (1560 mg/L), sulphate (4212 mg/L), manganese (28 mg/L), sodium (418 mg/L) and total dissolved solids (TDS), as high as 8100 mg/L, which are well above the permissible limit for surface discharge. The outcome of this work showed that reverse osmosis (RO) with continuous brine recycling achieved excellent desalination performance. Miscible organic solvents such as diisopropylamine (DIIPA), isopropylamine (IPA), and ethylamine (EA) were found to be effective in precipitating chloride and sulphate ions from highly concentrated RO brine. The overall removal efficiency of sulphate and chloride was found to be 99.88% and 91%, respectively. Preliminary treatment cost was estimated and found to be around 7.35 $/m3. The treated water can either be recycled in the system or safely released into the environment. The readers of this research article will be benefitted by gaining a thorough understanding of the treatment of concentrated brine from nanofiltration using an integrated RO-precipitation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bora
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - M K Purkait
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Oviroh PO, Jen TC, Ren J, Mohlala LM, Warmbier R, Karimzadeh S. Nanoporous MoS 2 Membrane for Water Desalination: A Molecular Dynamics Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7127-7137. [PMID: 34048656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a two-dimensional (2D) material, promises better desalination efficiency, benefiting from the small diffusion length. While the monolayer nanoporous MoS2 membrane has great potential in the reverse osmosis (RO) desalination membrane, multilayer MoS2 membranes are more feasible to synthesize and economical than the monolayer MoS2 membrane. Building on the monolayer MoS2 membrane knowledge, the effects of the multilayer MoS2 membrane in water desalination were explored, and the results showed that increasing the pore size from 3 to 6 Å resulted in higher permeability but with lower salt rejection. The salt rejection increases from 85% in a monolayer MoS2 membrane to about 98% in a trilayer MoS2 membrane. When averaged over all three types of membranes studied, the ions rejection follows the trend of trilayer > bilayer > monolayer. Besides, a narrow layer separation was found to play an important role in the successful rejection of salt ions in bilayer and trilayer membranes. This study aims to provide a collective understanding of this high permiselective MoS2 membrane's realization for water desalination, and the findings showed that the water permeability of the MoS2 monolayer membrane was in the order of magnitude greater than that of the conventional RO membrane and the nanoporous MoS2 membrane can have an important place in the purification of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ozaveshe Oviroh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Corner Kingsway and University Road, Auckland Park, 2092, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tien-Chien Jen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Corner Kingsway and University Road, Auckland Park, 2092, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jianwei Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Corner Kingsway and University Road, Auckland Park, 2092, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lesego M Mohlala
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robert Warmbier
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Corner Kingsway and University Road, Auckland Park, 2092, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sina Karimzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Corner Kingsway and University Road, Auckland Park, 2092, Johannesburg, South Africa
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AbdulKadir WAFW, Ahmad AL, Boon Seng O. Carnauba Wax/Halloysite Nanotube with Improved Anti-Wetting and Permeability of Hydrophobic PVDF Membrane via DCMD. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11030228. [PMID: 33807017 PMCID: PMC8005014 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophobic membranes have been widely explored to meet the membrane characteristics for the membrane distillation (MD) process. Inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles have been used to improve the membrane hydrophobicity, but limited studies have used nano clay particles. This study introduces halloysite nanotube (HNT) as an alternative material to synthesis a hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-HNT membrane. The PVDF membranes were fabricated using functionalized HNTs (e.g., carnauba wax and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane (FOTS)). The results were determined by Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection, scanning electron microscope, goniometer and porometer to determine the desired hydrophobic membrane for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). The addition of FOTS-HNT (fs-HNT) and carnauba wax-HNT (fw-HNT) in the PVDF membrane enhanced the water contact angle (CA) to 127° and 137°, respectively. The presence of fw-HNT in the PVDF membrane exhibited higher liquid entry pressure (LEP) (2.64 bar) compared to fs-HNT in the membrane matrix (1.44 bar). The PVDF/fw-HNT membrane (Pfw-HNT) obtained the highest flux of 7.24 L/m2h with 99.9% salt removal. A stable permeability in the Pfw-HNT membrane was obtained throughout 16 h of DCMD. The incorporation of fw-HNT in the PVDF membrane had improved the anti-wetting properties and the membrane performance with the anti-fouling effect.
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