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Reza A, Chen L, Mao X. Response surface methodology for process optimization in livestock wastewater treatment: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30326. [PMID: 38726140 PMCID: PMC11078649 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With increasing demand for meat and dairy products, the volume of wastewater generated from the livestock industry has become a significant environmental concern. The treatment of livestock wastewater (LWW) is a challenging process that involves removing nutrients, organic matter, pathogens, and other pollutants from livestock manure and urine. In response to this challenge, researchers have developed and investigated different biological, physical, and chemical treatment technologies that perform better upon optimization. Optimization of LWW handling processes can help improve the efficacy and sustainability of treatment systems as well as minimize environmental impacts and associated costs. Response surface methodology (RSM) as an optimization approach can effectively optimize operational parameters that affect process performance. This review article summarizes the main steps of RSM, recent applications of RSM in LWW treatment, highlights the advantages and limitations of this technique, and provides recommendations for future research and practice, including its cost-effectiveness, accuracy, and ability to improve treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Reza
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, Twin Falls, ID, 83303-1827, USA
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794-5000, USA
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
| | - Lide Chen
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, Twin Falls, ID, 83303-1827, USA
| | - Xinwei Mao
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, 11794-5000, USA
- Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-4424, USA
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Hua H, Zahmatkesh S, Osman H, Tariq A, Zhou JL. WITHDRAWN: Effects of hydraulic retention time and cultivation on nutrients removal and biomass production in wastewater by membrane photobioreactor: Modeling and optimization by machine learning and response surface methodology. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:141394. [PMID: 38325614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Hua
- Information Construction and Management Center, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Sasan Zahmatkesh
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieríay Ciencias, Puebla, Mexico; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Haitham Osman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqil Tariq
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forest Resources, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762-9690, USA
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Athikaphan P, Wongsanga K, Klanghiran S, Lertna N, Neramittagapong A, Rood SC, Nijpanich S, Neramittagapong S. Degradation of formaldehyde by photo-Fenton process over n-ZVI/TiO 2 catalyst. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90397-90409. [PMID: 36787078 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of formaldehyde in a photo-Fenton reaction was studied using n-ZVI/TiO2 as the catalyst. The effects of %n-ZVI loading, catalyst dosage, H2O2, and pH on formaldehyde degradation were studied. The n-ZVI/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnation with chemical reduction, and their catalytic activity was evaluated in a batch reactor under UVC light. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine that the n-ZVI nanoparticle size was 39.41 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the oxidation states of 2%n‑ZVI/TiO2, and the Fe 2p spectrum of 2%n-ZVI/TiO2 indicated the presence of Fe0. The optimal conditions for the complete removal of formaldehyde within 30 min were an n-ZVI loading of 2 wt.%, a catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L, 30 mM H2O2, and an initial pH of 3. After the reaction, the C-H functional group of formaldehyde was not observed due to the •OH radicals generated by Fe0 and H2O2 attacking the formaldehyde molecule. Moreover, no Fe leaching was observed, presenting an advantage compared with homogeneous Fe catalysts. Therefore, 2%n‑ZVI/TiO2 shows excellent potential as a photo-Fenton catalyst for the environmentally friendly degradation of formaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakpoom Athikaphan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kunlanut Wongsanga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Klanghiran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Natthaphong Lertna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Arthit Neramittagapong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Shawn C Rood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supinya Nijpanich
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Sutasinee Neramittagapong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Etz BD, Mifkovic M, Vyas S, Shukla MK. High-temperature decomposition chemistry of trimethylsiloxane surfactants, a potential Fluorine-Free replacement for fire suppression. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136351. [PMID: 36084830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become global environmental contaminants due to being notoriously difficult to degrade, and it has become increasingly important to employ suitable PFAS alternatives, especially in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF). Trimethylsiloxane (TriSil) surfactants are potential fluorine-free replacements for PFAS in fire suppression technologies. Yet because these compounds may be more susceptible to high-temperature decomposition, it is necessary to assess the potential environmental impact of their thermal degradation products. Our study analyzes the high-temperature degradation of a truncated trimethylsiloxane (TriSil-1n) surfactant based on quantum mechanical methods. The degradation chemistry of TriSil-1n was studied through radical formation and propagation initiated from two prominent pathways (unimolecular and bimolecular reactions) at both 298 K and 1200 K, a relevant temperature in flames and thermal incinerators. Regardless of the pathway taken and temperature, all radical intermediates stemmed from the polyethylene glycol chain and primarily formed stable polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) and small organics such as ethylene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde, among other products. The major degradation products of TriSil-1n resulting from high-temperature thermal degradation as predicted by this study would be relatively less harmful to the environment compared to PFAS incineration/combustion products from previous research, supporting the replacement of PFAS with TriSil surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Etz
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA; Simetri, Inc., 7005 University Blvd, Winter Park, FL, 32792, USA
| | | | - Shubham Vyas
- Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Manoj K Shukla
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS, 39180, USA.
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Raji M, Tahroudi MN, Ye F, Dutta J. Prediction of heterogeneous Fenton process in treatment of melanoidin-containing wastewater using data-based models. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114518. [PMID: 35078065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Predictive capability of response surface methodology (RSM) and ant colony optimization combined with support vector regression (ACO-SVR) models are applied for determining optimal parameters in the process of heterogeneous Fenton oxidation of melanoidin, a high molecular weight polymer widely produced during fermentation processes generating large quantities of wastewater with intense brown color and extremely high chemical oxygen demand (COD). Prediction of the performance of nano zero-valent iron supported on activated carbon cloth-chitosan (ACC-CH-nZVI) catalysts was carried out using Box-Behnken design (BBD) and analysis of variance to evaluate the interaction of independent variables involved in heterogeneous Fenton reaction. The optimized condition with minimal consumption of H2O2 (173 mM) resulted in 77.1% decolorization of melanoidin-contaminated water corresponding to 74.4% COD removal at pH 3 (600 mg/l Fe dosage) for 90 min reaction time. The corresponding weight ratio of H2O2 to COD was 0.98, much lower than the stoichiometric value 2.125, indicating the effectiveness of ACC-CH-nZVI as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst. In comparison to previously published experimental results, ACO-SVR model shows higher coefficient of determination (R2; 0.9983) but lower root mean squared error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) than those of RSM model, indicating relative superiority in prediction capability. Besides, ACO algorithm appears to be a promising tool for improving forecasting accuracy of SVR model. This work demonstrates the applicability of ACO-SVR model in predicting the performance of wastewater treatment using Fenton process with limited number of experiment and exhibits satisfactory prediction results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Raji
- Functional Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Faculty of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fei Ye
- Functional Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Functional Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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