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Li Z, Cao G, Qiu L, Chen X, Zhong L, Wang X, Xu H, Wang C, Fan L, Meng S, Chen J, Song C. Aquaculture activities influencing the generation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol: a case study in the aquaculture regions of Hongze Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:4196-4208. [PMID: 38100023 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Contamination by odor substances such as geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) was examined in the cultured water from aquaculture farming in the region of the Hongze Lake in 2022, and some factors influencing residual levels of them in the water were analyzed. Geographically, high concentrations of GSM were located mainly in the north and northeast culture areas of the lake, while those of 2-MIB were found in the northeast and southwest. Analysis of the water in the enclosure culture revealed significant differences in the concentrations of GSM and 2-MIB among the cultured species. The mean concentrations of GSM in culture water were ranked in the order: crab > the four major Chinese carps > silver and bighead carp, and silver and bighead carp > crab > the four major Chinese carps for 2-MIB. The concentration of GSM was significantly higher at 38.99 ± 18.93 ng/L in crab culture water compared to other fish culture water. Significant differences were observed in GSM concentrations between crab enclosure culture and pond culture, while 2-MIB levels were comparable. These findings suggest that cultural management practices significantly affect the generation of odor substances. The taste and odor (T&O) assessment revealed that the residual levels of GSM and 2-MIB in most samples were below the odor threshold concentrations (OTCs), although high levels of GSM and 2-MIB in all water bodies were at 30.9% and 27.5%, respectively. Compared with the corresponding data from other places and the regulation guidelines of Japan, USA, and China, the region in the Hongze Lake is generally classified as a slightly T&O area, capable of supporting the aquaculture production scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Li
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Qiu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Zhong
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, 210017, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchi Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbo Wang
- Kunshan Fisheries Technology Extension Center, 215300, Kunshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Fan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunlong Meng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.
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Mahmoud MAA, Magdy M, Tybussek T, Barth J, Buettner A. Comparative Evaluation of Wild and Farmed Rainbow Trout Fish Based on Representative Chemosensory and Microbial Indicators of Their Habitats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2094-2104. [PMID: 36688586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wild and farmed rainbow trout were compared with chemical profiling, chemosensory properties, carbon concentration and isotope analyses, 1- and 2-GC/O-MS, GC-FID, and aroma profile analyses. Results were linked with the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiological profile of the fish sources using multivariate statistical analysis. Fish from natural environments proved to have better sensory properties in terms of fruity, sweet, and citrusy attributes, compared to farmed fish. However, the farmed fish were found to have higher nutritional value based on their lipid contents. These differences might relate to the introduction of feed extrudates, which could influence the overall quality of fish products. Thereby, malodor episodes linked to musty/earthy off-odor notes related to odorants including geosmin, β-caryophyllene, (E,Z)-2,4-nonadienal, and (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal. These compounds, in turn, correlated with Asticcacaulis benevestitus, Curvibacter sp., Albidiferax sp., Aquabacterium commune, and Aquabacterium citratiphilum abundance and were further affected by oxygen levels in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A A Mahmoud
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Straße 35, 85354Freising, Germany
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shobra, 11241Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Magdy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 68 Hadayek Shobra, Cairo11241, Egypt
| | - Thorsten Tybussek
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Straße 35, 85354Freising, Germany
| | - Johannes Barth
- Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Buettner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Straße 35, 85354Freising, Germany
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9, 91054Erlangen, Germany
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Shudirman S, Abang Kassim A, Shamsol Anuar NS, Utsumi M, Shimizu K, Muhammad Yuzir MA, Megat Mohd Noor MJ, Md Akhir FN, Othman N, Zakaria Z, Sugiura N, Hara H. Limitation of nutrients stimulates musty odor production by Streptomyces sp. isolated from a tropical environment. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2021; 67:92-99. [PMID: 33642451 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Musty odor production by actinomycetes is usually related to the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), which are synthesized by enzymes encoded by the geoA and tpc genes, respectively. Streptomyces spp. strain S10, which was isolated from a water reservoir in Malaysia, has the ability to produce geosmin when cultivated in a basal salt (BS) solid medium, but no 2-MIB production occurred during growth in BS medium. Strain S10 could produce higher levels of geosmin when the phosphate concentration was limited to 0.05 mg/L, with a yield of 17.53 ± 3.12 ✕ 105 ng/L, compared with growth in BS medium. Interestingly, 2-MIB production was suddenly detected when the nitrate concentration was limited to 1.0 mg/L, with a yield of 1.4 ± 0.11 ✕ 105 ng/L. Therefore, it was concluded that phosphate- and nitrate-limiting conditions could induce the initial production of geosmin and 2-MIB by strain S10. Furthermore, a positive amplicon of geoA was detected in strain S10, but no tpc amplicon was detected by PCR analysis. Draft genome sequence analysis showed that one open reading frame (ORF) contained a conserved motif of geosmin synthase with 95% identity with geoA in Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2). In the case of the tpc genes, it was found that one ORF showed 23% identity to the known tpc gene in S. coelicolor A3(2), but strain S10 lacked one motif in the N-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahirah Shudirman
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Aeyshah Abang Kassim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | | | - Motoo Utsumi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba
| | - Kazuya Shimizu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba
| | - Muhamad Ali Muhammad Yuzir
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Nor'azizi Othman
- Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Zuriati Zakaria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
| | - Norio Sugiura
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM).,Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba
| | - Hirofumi Hara
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM)
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Mustapha S, Tijani JO, Ndamitso MM, Abdulkareem AS, Shuaib DT, Mohammed AK. A critical review on geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in water: sources, effects, detection, and removal techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:204. [PMID: 33751262 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) in water has caused a negative impact on product reputation and customer distrust. The occurrence of these compounds and their metabolites during drinking water treatment processes has caused different health challenges. Conventional treatment techniques such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and chlorination employed in removing these two commonest taste and odor compounds (GSM and 2-MIB) were found to be ineffective and inherent shortcomings. The removal of GSM and MIB were found to be effective using combination of activated carbon and ozonation; however, high treatment cost associated with ozonation technique and poor regeneration efficiency of activated carbon constitute serious setback to the combined system. Other shortcoming of the activated carbon adsorption and ozonation include low adsorption efficiency due to the presence of natural organic matter and humic acid. In light of this background, the review is focused on the sources, effects, environmental pathways, detection, and removal techniques of 2-MIB and GSM from aqueous media. Although advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were found to be promising to remove the two compounds from water but accompanied with different challenges. Herein, to fill the knowledge gap analysis on these algal metabolites (GSM and 2-MIB), the integration of treatment processes vis-a-viz combination of one or more AOPs with other conventional methods are considered logical to remove these odorous compounds and hence could improve overall water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mustapha
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria.
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
| | - J O Tijani
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - M M Ndamitso
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Bosso Campus, PMB 65, Minna, Nigeria
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - A S Abdulkareem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Gidan Kwano Campus, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety, Federal University of Technology, PMB 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - D T Shuaib
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - A K Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, 1801 Fayetteville Street, NC, 27707, Durham, USA
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Zhou W, Wang J, Zhang J, Peng C, Li G, Li D. Environmentally relevant concentrations of geosmin affect the development, oxidative stress, apoptosis and endocrine disruption of embryo-larval zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 735:139373. [PMID: 32473435 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Geosmin (trans-1, 10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol), a volatile organic compound, has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems. However, the ecological effects of geosmin are not clear. Here, using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo as a model, we investigated biological activity effects of environmentally relevant concentrations (50, 500, 5000 ng/L) of geosmin on the developing zebrafish starting from 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 96 hpf. Results showed geosmin had no effect on hatchability, malformations and mortality. However, we observed that geosmin exposure significantly increased zebrafish body length in a concentration dependent manner. This effect was possibly due to up-regulation of expression of genes along the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and catalase (CAT) activities significantly increased at 96 hpf when the embryos were exposed to 500 and 5000 ng/L of geosmin. The malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities decreased significantly after the exposure to 5000 ng/L geosmin. Simultaneously, exposure to geosmin resulted in significant increase in cell apoptosis, mainly in the heart area. The mRNA levels of the genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis were also altered significantly after geosmin exposure. These findings indicated that geosmin can simultaneously induce multiple responses during zebrafish embryonic development, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; College of Chemistry, Biology and Environmental Engineering, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, PR China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chengrong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Genbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Dunhai Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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A novel cyanobacterial geosmin producer, revising GeoA distribution and dispersion patterns in Bacteria. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8679. [PMID: 32457360 PMCID: PMC7251104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous organisms with a relevant contribution to primary production in all range of habitats. Cyanobacteria are well known for their part in worldwide occurrence of aquatic blooms while producing a myriad of natural compounds, some with toxic potential, but others of high economical impact, as geosmin. We performed an environmental survey of cyanobacterial soil colonies to identify interesting metabolic pathways and adaptation strategies used by these microorganisms and isolated, sequenced and assembled the genome of a cyanobacterium that displayed a distinctive earthy/musty smell, typical of geosmin, confirmed by GC-MS analysis of the culture's volatile extract. Morphological studies pointed to a new Oscillatoriales soil ecotype confirmed by phylogenetic analysis, which we named Microcoleus asticus sp. nov. Our studies of geosmin gene presence in Bacteria, revealed a scattered distribution among Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Delta and Gammaproteobacteria, covering different niches. Careful analysis of the bacterial geosmin gene and gene tree suggests an ancient bacterial origin of the gene, that was probably successively lost in different time frames. The high sequence similarities in the cyanobacterial geosmin gene amidst freshwater and soil strains, reinforce the idea of an evolutionary history of geosmin, that is intimately connected to niche adaptation.
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Wang Z, Song G, Li Y, Yu G, Hou X, Gan Z, Li R. The diversity, origin, and evolutionary analysis of geosmin synthase gene in cyanobacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:789-796. [PMID: 31280161 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The sesquiterpene geosmin, mainly originating from cyanobacteria, is considered one of the problematic odor compounds responsible for unpleasant-tasting and -smelling water episodes in freshwater supplies. The biochemistry and genetics of geosmin synthesis in cyanobacteria is well-elucidated and the geosmin synthase gene (geo) has been cloned and characterized in recent years. However, understanding the diversity, origin, and evolution of geo has been hindered by the limited availability of geo sequences to date. On the basis of the cloned geo sequences from16 filamentous geosmin-producing cyanobacterial species, representing 11 genera in Nostocales and Oscillatoriales, the diversity and evolution of geo in cyanobacteria was systematically analyzed in this study. Homologous alignment revealed that geo is highly conserved among the examined cyanobacterial species, with DNA sequence identities >0.72. Phylogenetic reconstruction and codon bias analysis based on geo suggest that cyanobacterial geo form a monophyletic branch with a common origin and ancestor for cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, and myxobacteria. The global ratio of nonsynonymous/synonymous nucleotide substitutions (dN/dS) was 0.125, which is substantially <1 and indicates strong purifying selection in the evolution of cyanobacterial geo. To add to further interest, horizontal gene transfer of cyanobacterial geo in evolutionary history was confirmed by the discovery of an incongruent coevolutionary relationship between geo and housekeeping genes 16S rDNA and rpoC. The present study enhances the fundamental understanding of cyanobacterial geo in diversity and evolution, and sheds light on the development of molecular assays for detection and molecular ecology research of geosmin-producing cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Gaofei Song
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yeguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Gongliang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zixuan Gan
- Wuhan Foreign Language School Meiga Academy, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Renhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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8
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Predicting Taste and Odor Compounds in a Shallow Reservoir Using a Three–Dimensional Hydrodynamic Ecological Model. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish a technique to predict the occurrence of algal bloom and the algal-derived taste and odor compounds 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin using a three-dimensional (3D) model that could reflect the complex physical properties of a shallow reservoir. Water quality, phytoplankton, and taste and odor compounds monitoring was conducted at the Jinyang Reservoir in 2016. In June, there was a potential for a high concentration of 2-MIB (maximum 80 ng/L) to occur owing to the appearance of Pseudanabaena sp.; additionally, from July to August, there was potential for a high concentration of geosmin (maximum 108 ng/L) to occur, because of the presence of Anabaena sp. A 3D hydrodynamic model was coupled with an ecological model to predict cyanobacteria bloom and the presence of taste and odor compounds. Cyanobacteria producing either 2-MIB or geosmin were distinguished to enhance the accuracy of the modeled predictions. The results showed that the simulations of taste and odor compounds spatial distribution and occurrence time were realistic; however, the concentration of geosmin was overestimated when Microcystis sp. was blooming. The model can be used as a management tool to predict the occurrence of algal taste and odor compounds in reservoir systems and to inform decision-making processes concerning dam operation and water treatment.
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John N, Koehler AV, Ansell BRE, Baker L, Crosbie ND, Jex AR. An improved method for PCR-based detection and routine monitoring of geosmin-producing cyanobacterial blooms. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 136:34-40. [PMID: 29494895 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Production of taste and odour (T/O) compounds, principally geosmin, by complex cyanobacterial blooms is a major water quality issue globally. Control of these cyanobacteria imposes a significant cost on water producing and dependent industries, and requires routine monitoring and management. Classic monitoring methods, including microscopy and direct chemical analysis, lack sensitivity, are laborious, expensive or cannot reliably identify the source of geosmin production. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based tools targeting the geosmin synthase gene (geoA) provide a novel tool for routine monitoring. However, geoA is variable at the nucleotide level and potential geosmin producers represent a broad taxonomic distribution, such that multiple PCR primers with distinct amplification protocols are needed to target all potential sources of this important T/O compound. Development of novel primers is hindered by a lack of sequence data and limited field and laboratory data on geosmin producers prevents prioritizing taxa for PCR testing. Here we performed a genetic screen of 253 bloom samples from Victoria, Australia using each existing PCR protocol targeting geoA. We detected Dolichospermum ucrainicum as the major geosmin producer (87% of sequenced samples) along with 3 unknown geoA sequence types. Using these data, we designed a novel, short amplicon, PCR protocol utilising a single standardised primer pair, capable of amplifying all geoA positive samples in our study, as well as a Nostoc punctiforme positive control. This single protocol geoA PCR can further be tested on other geosmin producers and will simplify routine monitoring of T/O producing cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijoy John
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Anson V Koehler
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brendan R E Ansell
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Louise Baker
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | | | - Aaron R Jex
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Weiwei LI, Kangning GUO, Liwen LIU, Ying YANG, Jiying LI, Hengsheng XU, Jianhong LI. Relationship of odor compounds to some algal strains associated with bloom in Lake Taihu. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.18307/2018.0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Lee J, Rai PK, Jeon YJ, Kim KH, Kwon EE. The role of algae and cyanobacteria in the production and release of odorants in water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 227:252-262. [PMID: 28475978 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review covers literatures pertaining to algal and cyanobacterial odor problems that have been published over the last five decades. Proper evaluation of algal and cyanobacterial odors may help establish removal strategies for hazardous metabolites while enhancing the recyclability of water. A bloom of microalgae is a sign of an anthropogenic disturbance in aquatic systems and can lead to diverse changes in ecosystems along with increased production of odorants. In general, because algal and cyanobacterial odors vary in chemistry and intensity according to blooming pattern, it is necessary to learn more about the related factors and processes (e.g., changes due to differences in taxa). This necessitates systematic and transdisciplinary approaches that require the cooperation of chemists, biologists, engineers, and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jechan Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Prabhat Kumar Rai
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India
| | - Young Jae Jeon
- Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Li X, Dreher TW, Li R. An overview of diversity, occurrence, genetics and toxin production of bloom-forming Dolichospermum (Anabaena) species. HARMFUL ALGAE 2016; 54:54-68. [PMID: 28073482 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The new genus name Dolichospermum, for most of the planktonic former members of the genus Anabaena, is one of the most ubiquitous bloom-forming cyanobacterial genera. Its dominance and persistence have increased in recent years, due to eutrophication from anthropogenic activities and global climate change. Blooms of Dolichospermum species, with their production of secondary metabolites that commonly include toxins, present a worldwide threat to environmental and public health. In this review, recent advances of the genus Dolichospermum are summarized, including taxonomy, genetics, bloom occurrence, and production of toxin and taste-and-odor compounds. The recent and continuing acquisition of genome sequences is ushering in new methods for monitoring and understanding the factors regulating bloom dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Theo W Dreher
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Renhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Wang Z, Xiao P, Song G, Li Y, Li R. Isolation and characterization of a new reported cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya bijugata coproducing odorous geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12133-12140. [PMID: 25893620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The earthy-musty compounds geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) produced by cyanobacteria are considered as the main biological causes of off-flavor events, especially in aquatic ecosystems. More than 50 filamentous cyanobacteria species have been documented as geosmin or MIB producers; however, little is known about the species coproducing these two metabolites. In this study, an epiphytic sample was collected from a river in Hubei, China. Three isolated strains (A2, B2, and B4) producing earthy odors were successfully isolated and identified as the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya bijugata Anagnostidis et Komárek 1988 based on morphology and 16S rDNA sequences. Gas chromatography analysis confirmed that the isolated L. bijugata strains were geosmin and MIB coproducers, with accumulation ranging from 13.6 to 22.4 and 12.3 to 57.5 μg L(-1), respectively. The partial fragments of geosmin and MIB synthesis genes in the L. bijugata strains were cloned and sequenced. Further sequences and phylogenetic analysis indicated the high conservation and a common origin of these genes in cyanobacteria. This study is the first to report and characterize the coproduction of geosmin and MIB by L. bijugata, representing a new source for potential risk of off-flavor events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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