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Taha HM, Rozek LS, Chen X, Li Z, Zarins KR, Slade AN, Wolf GT, Arthur AE. Risk of Disease Recurrence and Mortality Varies by Type of Fat Consumed before Cancer Treatment in a Longitudinal Cohort of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. J Nutr 2022; 152:1298-1305. [PMID: 35170737 PMCID: PMC9071333 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between specific types of fat and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) recurrence and mortality rates have not yet been examined. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine how intakes of various fat subtypes before cancer treatment are associated with recurrence and mortality in adults diagnosed with HNSCC. METHODS This was a secondary analysis longitudinal cohort study of data collected from 476 newly diagnosed patients with HNSCC. Patients completed baseline FFQs and epidemiologic health surveys. Recurrence and mortality events were collected annually. Fat intakes examined included long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), unsaturated fatty acids (FAs), PUFAs, ω-3 (n-3) PUFAs, ω-6 (n-6) PUFAs, MUFAs, animal fats, vegetable fats, saturated FAs, and trans fats. Associations between fat intake (categorized into tertiles) and time to event were tested using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, human papillomavirus status, tumor site, cancer stage, and total caloric intake. Intake of fats was compared with the lowest tertile. RESULTS During the study period, there were 115 recurrent and 211 death events. High LCFA intake was associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02). High unsaturated FA intake was associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.97; P-trend = 0.04) and HNSCC-specific mortality risk (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.90; P-trend = 0.02). High intakes of ω-3 PUFAs (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02) and ω-6 PUFAs (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.94; P-trend = 0.02) were significantly associated with a reduced all-cause mortality risk. There were no significant associations between other fat types and recurrence or mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective survival cohort of 476 newly diagnosed patients with HNSCC, our data suggest that HNSCC prognosis may vary depending on the fat types consumed before cancer treatment. Clinical intervention trials should test these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hania M Taha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA,Augusta Victoria Hospital, The Lutheran World Federation, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Laura S Rozek
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Zonggui Li
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Katie R Zarins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexander N Slade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Katz L, Tata A, Woolman M, Zarrine-Afsar A. Lipid Profiling in Cancer Diagnosis with Hand-Held Ambient Mass Spectrometry Probes: Addressing the Late-Stage Performance Concerns. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100660. [PMID: 34677375 PMCID: PMC8537725 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Untargeted lipid fingerprinting with hand-held ambient mass spectrometry (MS) probes without chromatographic separation has shown promise in the rapid characterization of cancers. As human cancers present significant molecular heterogeneities, careful molecular modeling and data validation strategies are required to minimize late-stage performance variations of these models across a large population. This review utilizes parallels from the pitfalls of conventional protein biomarkers in reaching bedside utility and provides recommendations for robust modeling as well as validation strategies that could enable the next logical steps in large scale assessment of the utility of ambient MS profiling for cancer diagnosis. Six recommendations are provided that range from careful initial determination of clinical added value to moving beyond just statistical associations to validate lipid involvements in disease processes mechanistically. Further guidelines for careful selection of suitable samples to capture expected and unexpected intragroup variance are provided and discussed in the context of demographic heterogeneities in the lipidome, further influenced by lifestyle factors, diet, and potential intersect with cancer lipid pathways probed in ambient mass spectrometry profiling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Katz
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (L.K.); (M.W.)
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1P5, Canada
| | - Alessandra Tata
- Laboratorio di Chimica Sperimentale, Istituto Zooprofilattico delle Venezie, Viale Fiume 78, 36100 Vicenza, Italy;
| | - Michael Woolman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (L.K.); (M.W.)
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1P5, Canada
| | - Arash Zarrine-Afsar
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (L.K.); (M.W.)
- Techna Institute for the Advancement of Technology for Health, University Health Network, 100 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1P5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science & the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-581-8473
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Rodrigues LA, Pereira CV, Partidário AMC, Gouveia LF, Simões P, Paiva A, Matias AA. Supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactive lipids from canned sardine waste streams. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Oczkowicz M, Szmatoła T, Świątkiewicz M, Koseniuk A, Smołucha G, Witarski W, Wierzbicka A. 3'quant mRNA-Seq of Porcine Liver Reveals Alterations in UPR, Acute Phase Response, and Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in Response to Different Dietary Fats. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091087. [PMID: 32961898 PMCID: PMC7565913 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal fats are considered to be unhealthy, in contrast to vegetable fats, which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. However, the use of some fats, such as coconut oil, is still controversial. In our experiment, we divided experimental animals (domestic pigs) into three groups differing only in the type of fat used in the diet: group R: rapeseed oil (n = 5); group B: beef tallow (n = 5); group C: coconut oil (n = 6). After transcriptomic analysis of liver samples, we identified 188, 93, and 53 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) in R vs. B, R vs. C, and B vs. C comparisons, respectively. Next, we performed a functional analysis of identified DEGs with String and IPA software. We observed the enrichment of genes engaged in the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the acute phase response among genes upregulated in B compared to R. In contrast, cholesterol biosynthesis and cholesterol efflux enrichments were observed among genes downregulated in B when compared to R. Moreover, activation of the UPR and inhibition of the sirtuin signaling pathway were noted in C when compared to R. The most striking difference in liver transcriptomic response between C and B was the activation of the acute phase response and inhibition of bile acid synthesis in the latest group. Our results suggest that excessive consumption of animal fats leads to the activation of a cascade of mutually propelling processes harmful to the liver: inflammation, UPR, and imbalances in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and bile acids via altered organelle membrane composition. Nevertheless, these studies should be extended with analysis at the level of proteins and their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oczkowicz
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48666081109
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
- Centre of Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Świątkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland;
| | - Anna Koseniuk
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
| | - Grzegorz Smołucha
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
| | - Wojciech Witarski
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
| | - Alicja Wierzbicka
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (T.S.); (A.K.); (G.S.); (W.W.); (A.W.)
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Dietary nutrient patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas: a case-control study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2020; 30:46-52. [PMID: 32039932 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the association between food patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal adenomas (CRA) has been explored previously, a distinct paucity of studies has evaluated the association of nutrient pattern and the risk of CRC and CRA as precursors of CRC. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate nutrient patterns and their relationship with CRC and CRA in Iran. Two hundred forty hospital control, 129 newly diagnosed CRC and 130 newly diagnosed CRA patients were asked about their dietary intakes using validated questionnaires. To define the major nutrient patterns, principal component analysis was applied based on preselected nutrients, and four explainable nutrient patterns were obtained: Factor 1 (mixed), factor 2 (the antioxidant), factor 3 (dairy) and factor 4 (the high fat). Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of CRC and CRA according to categories of nutrient patterns. After adjusting for confounders, factor 2 was significantly associated with lower risk for the CRC and CRA in the second category compared with the first, respectively (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.12-0.34, OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.56). Participants in the highest category of factor 4 showed an increase in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively, than those in the low category, in both crude and multivariate analysis (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.57-2.95, OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.13-3.02). Among derived nutrient patterns, 'the antioxidant pattern' was inversely associated with CRC/CRA, whilst 'high fat pattern' showed a direct association with these diseases.
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Makiuchi T, Sobue T, Kitamura T, Ishihara J, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, Shimazu T, Tsugane S. Relationship between Meat/Fish Consumption and Biliary Tract Cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 29:95-102. [PMID: 31641013 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of meat and fish consumption on cancer risk has been well studied in humans. However, studies related to biliary tract cancer (BTC) are scarce. METHODS We examined the association between meat and fish consumption and the risk of BTC in a population-based prospective cohort study in Japan. HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS During 1995 and 1999, 43,177 men and 49,323 women ages 45 to 74 years were enrolled and followed up for 607,757.0 person-years (men) and 728,820.3 person-years (women) until 2012, during which time 217 male and 162 female BTC cases were identified. Higher total meat consumption was significantly associated with a decreased BTC risk in men (HR for the highest vs. lowest quartiles = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44-0.98; P trend = 0.011) but not in women. Similar association was observed with red meat, but no association was observed with poultry. Fish was not associated with BTC risk. We further analyzed each BTC subtype to confirm the observed association with BTC. However, significant association with each BTC subtype was not observed, although a trend of decreased extrahepatic bile duct cancer risk was observed. CONCLUSIONS BTC risk was lower among men who consumed more meat, particularly red meat, in Japan. IMPACT This is the first prospective study that evaluated the relationship between meat and BTC. This may provide important suggestions to elucidate the etiology of BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Makiuchi
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Sobue
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita Osaka, Japan.
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita Osaka, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, Azabu University, Sagamihara Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku Tokyo, Japan
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