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Yong C, Lei Y, Ye F, Wang N, Li Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wang D, Zhang S. Composite of carbon dots and TiNiSn thermoelectric materials: Initial investigation on the electrical and thermal transport properties. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044705. [PMID: 38265087 DOI: 10.1063/5.0188042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
TiNiCu0.025Sn0.99Sb0.01 is prepared using microwaves. However, an ultra-high electrical conductivity and electronic thermal conductivity are obtained by interstitial Cu and Sb doping, which could not effectively improve the ZT value. We introduce carbon dots (CDs) as a nano-second phase by ball milling to simultaneously optimize the thermoelectric properties. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on half-Heusler/CDs composites. Experimental results show that the introduction of nano-CDs optimizes the carrier concentration and mobility and dramatically improves the Seebeck coefficient through the energy filtering effect. The nano-CDs introduce more point defects, inhibit the grains growth, and form a specific carbon solid solution second phase in the matrix. The lattice thermal conductivity is reduced to the same level as TiNiSn at 1.96 W m-1 K-1 through the synergistic effect of point defects and phase and grain boundaries scattering, and the ZT value reaches a maximum of 0.63 at 873 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yong
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
| | - Ying Lei
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
- Advanced Copper-based Materials Industry Generic Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architechitecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
- Advanced Copper-based Materials Industry Generic Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
- Advanced Copper-based Materials Industry Generic Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
| | - Shaowu Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
- Advanced Copper-based Materials Industry Generic Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Tongling University, Tongling 244000, China
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Johari KK, Sharma DK, Verma AK, Bhardwaj R, Chauhan NS, Kumar S, Singh MN, Bathula S, Gahtori B. In Situ Evolution of Secondary Metallic Phases in Off-Stoichiometric ZrNiSn for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19579-19593. [PMID: 35442621 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The full-Heusler (FH) inclusions in the half-Heusler (HH) matrix is a well-studied approach to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity of ZrNiSn HH alloy. However, excess Ni in ZrNiSn may lead to the in situ formation of FH and/or HH alloys with interstitial Ni defects. The excess Ni develops intermediate electronic states in the band gap of ZrNiSn and also generates defects to scatter phonons, thus providing additional control to tailor electronic and phonon transport properties synergistically. In this work, we present the implication of isoelectronic Ge-doping and excess Ni on the thermoelectric transport of ZrNiSn. The synthesized ZrNi1.04Sn1-xGex (x = 0-0.04) samples were prepared by arc-melting and spark plasma sintering, and were extensively probed for microstructural analysis. The in situ evolution of minor secondary phases, i.e., FH, Ni-Sn, and Sn-Zr, primarily observed post sintering resulted in simultaneous optimization of the electrical power factor and lattice thermal conductivity. A ZT of ∼1.06 at ∼873 K was attained, which is among the highest for Hf-free ZrNiSn-based HH alloys. Additionally, ab initio calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to provide comparative insights into experimentally measured properties and understand underlying physics. Further, mechanical properties were experimentally extracted to determine the usability of synthesized alloys for device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Kumar Johari
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Sharma
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Verma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ruchi Bhardwaj
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nagendra S Chauhan
- Department of Materials Sciences & Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Applied Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly 243006, India
| | - Manvendra Narayan Singh
- Synchrotrons Utilization Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, India
| | - Sivaiah Bathula
- School of Minerals, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
| | - Bhasker Gahtori
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Liu K, Chen C, Li X, Jia J, Xia C, Mao J, Huang Q, Sui J, Cao F, Liu X, Chen Y, Zhang Q. Tuning the Carrier Scattering Mechanism by Rare-Earth Element Doping for High Average zT in Mg 3Sb 2-Based Compounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7022-7029. [PMID: 35077126 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mg3Sb2-based compounds are promising thermoelectric materials because of their excellent thermoelectric performance, low cost, and good mechanical properties. In this work, Er, Dy, Gd, and Nd are all confirmed to be effective n-type dopants for optimizing the carrier concentration, increasing the density of states effective mass, and suppressing the ionized impurity scattering of Mg3Sb2-based compounds. By increasing the sintering temperature, a larger grain size can be achieved and can effectively improve the carrier mobility in the whole measured temperature range. As a result, maximum zT values above ∼1.6 at 673 K and average zTs above ∼1.0 between 300 and 673 K were achieved for Mg3.07Er0.03Bi0.5Sb1.5, Mg3.07Dy0.03Bi0.5Sb1.5, and Mg3.07Nd0.03Bi0.5Sb1.5. In addition, a high compressive strength of ∼180 MPa was obtained in Mg3.07Dy0.03Bi0.5Sb1.5. Therefore, rare-earth element-doped Mg3Sb2-based compounds are promising for thermoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R.China
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 451191, P.R.China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jucai Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chengliang Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R.China
| | - Jun Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Quan Huang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 451191, P.R.China
| | - Jiehe Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Feng Cao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xingjun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R.China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Materials Genome & Big Data, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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Raghuvanshi PR, Bhattacharjee D, Bhattacharya A. Self-Doping for Synergistically Tuning the Electronic and Thermal Transport Coefficients in n-Type Half-Heuslers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55060-55071. [PMID: 34761910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ternary intermetallic half-Heusler (HH) compounds (XYZ) with 18 valence electron count, namely, ZrCoSb, ZrNiSn, and ZrPdSn, have revealed promising thermoelectric properties. Exemplarily, it has been experimentally observed that a slight change in the content of Y site atoms (by ∼3-12.5% i.e., m = 0.03 and 0.125 in ZrY1+mZ) leads to a drastic decrease in lattice thermal conductivity κL by more than 65-80% in many of these compounds. The present work aims at exploring the possibility of maximizing the electronic transport scenario after achieving the low κL limit in these compounds. By taking into account the full anharmonicity of the lattice dynamics, Boltzmann transport calculations are performed under the framework of density functional theory. Our results show that these excess atoms present in the vacant lattice site induce scattering either by acting as a rattling mode or by hybridizing with the acoustic modes of the host depending upon their mass and bonding chemistry, respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of these scattering centers may lead either to the formation of a defect midgap state in the electronic band structure (detrimental for electronic transport) or to light doping of the host compound. The latter is found to be particularly conducive for attaining synergy in both thermal and electronic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul R Raghuvanshi
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dipanwita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amrita Bhattacharya
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India
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5
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Bahrami A, Ying P, Wolff U, Rodríguez NP, Schierning G, Nielsch K, He R. Reduced Lattice Thermal Conductivity for Half-Heusler ZrNiSn through Cryogenic Mechanical Alloying. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38561-38568. [PMID: 34351145 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The ZrNiSn-based half-Heusler compounds are promising for thermoelectric applications in the mid-to-high temperature range. However, their thermoelectric performance was greatly limited due to the remaining high thermal conductivity, especially the lattice thermal conductivity. Herein, we report the synthesis of pristine half-Heusler ZrNiSn through direct mechanical alloying at a liquid nitrogen temperature (i.e., cryomilling) followed by spark plasma sintering. It is shown that the onset sintering temperature is greatly reduced for the cryomilled powders with a high density. A reduced thermal conductivity is subsequently realized from room temperature to 700 °C in the cryomilled samples than the one that was differently prepared (from 7.3 to 4.5 W/m K at room temperature). The pronounced reduction in thermal conductivity of ZrNiSn yields a maximum zT of ∼0.65 at 700 °C. Our study shows the possibility of cryomilling in advancing the thermoelectric performance through enhanced phonon scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Bahrami
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Pingjun Ying
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wolff
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | | | - Gabi Schierning
- Department of Physics, Experimental Physics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33501, Germany
| | - Kornelius Nielsch
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Ran He
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Dresden 01069, Germany
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Guo M, Guo F, Zhu J, Yin L, Zhang Q, Cai W, Sui J. Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance in Rare-Earth Element-Free CaMg 2Bi 2 with High Carrier Mobility and Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity. RESEARCH 2020; 2020:5016564. [PMID: 32783029 PMCID: PMC7396126 DOI: 10.34133/2020/5016564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
CaMg2Bi2-based compounds, a kind of the representative compounds of Zintl phases, have uniquely inherent layered structure and hence are considered to be potential thermoelectric materials. Generally, alloying is a traditional and effective way to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity through the mass and strain field fluctuation between host and guest atoms. The cation sites have very few contributions to the band structure around the fermi level; thus, cation substitution may have negligible influence on the electric transport properties. What is more, widespread application of thermoelectric materials not only desires high ZT value but also calls for low-cost and environmentally benign constituent elements. Here, Ba substitution on cation site achieves a sharp reduction in lattice thermal conductivity through enhanced point defects scattering without the obvious sacrifice of high carrier mobility, and thus improves thermoelectric properties. Then, by combining further enhanced phonon scattering caused by isoelectronic substitution of Zn on the Mg site, an extraordinarily low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.51 W m−1 K−1 at 873 K is achieved in (Ca0.75Ba0.25)0.995Na0.005Mg1.95Zn0.05Bi1.98 alloy, approaching the amorphous limit. Such maintenance of high mobility and realization of ultralow lattice thermal conductivity synergistically result in broadly improvement of the quality factor β. Finally, a maximum ZT of 1.25 at 873 K and the corresponding ZTave up to 0.85 from 300 K to 873 K have been obtained for the same composition, meanwhile possessing temperature independent compatibility factor. To our knowledge, the current ZTave exceeds all the reported values in AMg2Bi2-based compounds so far. Furthermore, the low-cost and environment-friendly characteristic plus excellent thermoelectric performance also make the present Zintl phase CaMg2Bi2 more competitive in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchun Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fengkai Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Wei Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiehe Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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