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Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Stimulation on People with Mild to Moderate Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105290. [PMID: 34065698 PMCID: PMC8156930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The use of ecologically oriented approaches with virtual reality (VR) depicting instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is a promising approach for interventions on acquired brain injuries. However, the results of such an approach on dementia caused by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are still lacking. This research reports on a pilot randomized controlled trial that aimed to explore the effect of a cognitive stimulation reproducing several IADL in VR on people with mild-to-moderate dementia caused by AD. Patients were recruited from residential care homes of Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Amadora (SCMA), which is a relevant nonprofit social and healthcare provider in Portugal. This intervention lasted two months, with a total of 10 sessions (two sessions/week). A neuropsychological assessment was carried out at the baseline and follow-up using established neuropsychological instruments for assessing memory, attention, and executive functions. The sample consisted of 17 patients of both genders randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The preliminary results suggested an improvement in overall cognitive function in the experimental group, with an effect size corresponding to a large effect in global cognition, which suggests that this approach is effective for neurocognitive stimulation in older adults with dementia, contributing to maintaining cognitive function in AD.
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Gamito P, Oliveira J, Matias M, Cunha E, Brito R, Lopes PF, Deus A. Virtual Reality Cognitive Training Among Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder Undergoing Residential Treatment: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e18482. [PMID: 33512329 PMCID: PMC7880813 DOI: 10.2196/18482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with diverse physical and mental morbidities. Among the main consequences of chronic and excessive alcohol use are cognitive and executive deficits. Some of these deficits may be reversed in specific cognitive and executive domains with behavioral approaches consisting of cognitive training. The advent of computer-based interventions may leverage these improvements, but randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of digital interactive-based interventions are still scarce. Objective The aim of this study is to explore whether a cognitive training approach using VR exercises based on activities of daily living is feasible for improving the cognitive function of patients with AUD undergoing residential treatment, as well as to estimate the effect size for this intervention to power future definitive RCTs. Methods This study consisted of a two-arm pilot RCT with a sample of 36 individuals recovering from AUD in a therapeutic community; experimental group participants received a therapist-guided, VR-based cognitive training intervention combined with treatment as usual, and control group participants received treatment as usual without cognitive training. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery of tests was used both at pre- and postassessments, including measurement of global cognition, executive functions, attention, visual memory, and cognitive flexibility. Results In order to control for potential effects of global cognition and executive functions at baseline, these domains were controlled for in the statistical analysis for each individual outcome. Results indicate intervention effects on attention in two out of five outcomes and on cognitive flexibility in two out of six outcomes, with effect sizes in significant comparisons being larger for attention than for cognitive flexibility. Patient retention in cognitive training was high, in line with previous studies. Conclusions Overall, the data suggest that VR-based cognitive training results in specific contributions to improving attention ability and cognitive flexibility of patients recovering from AUD. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04505345; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04505345
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gamito
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal.,Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal.,Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Matias
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elsa Cunha
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Brito
- Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Ferreira Lopes
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal.,Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alberto Deus
- Casa de Saúde do Telhal, Instituto São João de Deus, Sintra, Portugal
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Mozgai S, Hartholt A, Rizzo A“S. Systematic Representative Design and Clinical Virtual Reality. PSYCHOLOGICAL INQUIRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1047840x.2019.1693873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Mozgai
- University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies, Los Angeles, California
| | - Arno Hartholt
- University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert “Skip” Rizzo
- University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies, Los Angeles, California
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Romero-Ayuso D, Castillero-Perea Á, González P, Navarro E, Molina-Massó JP, Funes MJ, Ariza-Vega P, Toledano-González A, Triviño-Juárez JM. Assessment of cognitive instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:1342-1358. [PMID: 31549907 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1665720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cognitive instrumental activities of daily living are particularly related to executive functions, such as scheduling appointments, monthly payments, managing the household economy, shopping or taking the bus. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the available tests for the assessment of executive functions with ecological validity to predict individuals' functioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, PsyCInfo and IEEE Xplore until May 2019, in addition to a manual search. The PRISMA criteria and the Covidence platform were used to select articles and extract data. RESULTS After applying the search selection criteria, 76 studies were identified. They referred to 110 tools to assess instrumental activities of daily living. Those that have received most attention are related to menu preparation and shopping. Performance-based measures are the most widely used traditional methods. Most tests were aimed at the adult population with acquired brain damage, cognitive impairment or dementia. There was a predominance of tests based on the Multiple Errands Test paradigm. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, it has increased the number of tools that assess the instrumental activities of daily living based on technologies such as personal or environmental sensors and serious games.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAssessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living through performance-based measures is especially useful for the early detection of dysfunctions or preclinical disability.Difficulties in performing instrumental activities of daily living are closely associated with deficits in executive functions and prospective memory.Activities of Daily Living can be understood as multitasks.The use of virtual reality-based tests was shown to be sensitive to the detection of cognitive deficits in Activities of Daily Living.An advantage of using virtual reality in assessments is that it can help to predict the level of personal autonomy in patients who are in an institutional environment and could be a first approximation to the real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Romero-Ayuso
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Pascual González
- LoUISE Research Group, Computing Systems Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro
- LoUISE Research Group, Computing Systems Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - José Pascual Molina-Massó
- LoUISE Research Group, Computing Systems Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - M Jesús Funes
- Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC) and Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patrocinio Ariza-Vega
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Rehabilitation and Traumatology Service, Virgen de Las Nieves University Hospital of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Abel Toledano-González
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Occupational Therapy, Speech Therapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Oliveira J, Gamito P, Alghazzawi DM, Fardoun HM, Rosa PJ, Sousa T, Picareli LF, Morais D, Lopes P. Performance on naturalistic virtual reality tasks depends on global cognitive functioning as assessed via traditional neurocognitive tests. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2017; 25:555-561. [PMID: 28805447 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2017.1349661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Oliveira
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- CTIP, Cognition and People Centric Computing (COPELABS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Gamito
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- CTIP, Cognition and People Centric Computing (COPELABS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniyal M. Alghazzawi
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habib M. Fardoun
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedro J. Rosa
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- CTIP, Cognition and People Centric Computing (COPELABS), Lisbon, Portugal
- Cis-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Sousa
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Felipe Picareli
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Morais
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- CTIP, Cognition and People Centric Computing (COPELABS), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Lopes
- EPCV, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- CTIP, Cognition and People Centric Computing (COPELABS), Lisbon, Portugal
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Fardoun HM, Mashat AS. Methodologies, Models and Algorithms for Patients Rehabilitation. Methods Inf Med 2015; 55:60-4. [PMID: 26660533 DOI: 10.3414/me14-11-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This editorial is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on "Methodologies, Models and Algorithms for Patients Rehabilitation". OBJECTIVE The objective of this focus theme is to present current solutions by means of technologies and human factors related to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for improving patient rehabilitation. METHODS The focus theme examines distinctive measurements of strengthening methodologies, models and algorithms for disabled people in terms of rehabilitation and health care, and to explore the extent to which ICT is a useful tool in this process. RESULTS The focus theme records a set of solutions for ICT systems developed to improve the rehabilitation process of disabled people and to help them in carrying out their daily life. CONCLUSIONS The development and subsequent setting up of computers for the patients' rehabilitation process is of continuous interest and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Fardoun
- Habib M. Fardoun, Information Systems Department, Faculty of Computing and information Technology, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, E-mail:
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