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Aksu S, Soyata AZ, Şeker S, Akkaya G, Yılmaz Y, Kafalı T, Evren C, Umut G. Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training improves decision making and executive functions in opioid use disorder: a triple-blind sham-controlled pilot study. J Addict Dis 2024; 42:154-165. [PMID: 36861945 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2023.2168991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic disorder with a considerable amount of morbidity and mortality. Despite remarkable improvement achieved by maintenance programs, an array of treatment goals were still unmet. Mounting evidence suggests that transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) improves decision making and cognitive functions in addictive disorders. tDCS paired with a decision making task was depicted to diminish impulsivity as well. The present study aimed to assess the effect of tDCS combined with cognitive training (CT) in OUD for the first time. In this triple-blind randomized sham-controlled pilot study, 38 individuals with OUD from the Buprenorphine-Naloxone Maintenance Therapy program were administered 20-minutes of 2 mA active/sham tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with concomitant cognitive training. A selected test battery evaluating decision making under risk and ambiguity as well as executive functions, verbal fluency and working memory was utilized before and after the intervention. Greater improvements were observed in decision making under ambiguity (p = 0.016), set shifting ability and alternating fluency while no improvements were observed in decision making under risk in the active group, compared to sham. Deficits of decision making and executive functions have a pivotal role in the perpetuation and the relapse of the OUD. Alleviation of these impairments brought tDCS/CT forth as an expedient neuroscientifically-grounded treatment option that merits further exploration in OUD, Trial registration: NCT05568251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Aksu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Zihni Soyata
- Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Başakşehir State Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sercan Şeker
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gözde Akkaya
- Department of Child Development, Istanbul Topkapı University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Yılmaz
- Department of Psychology, İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Kafalı
- Department of Psychology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Evren
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Umut
- Research, Treatment and Training Center for Alcohol and Substance Dependence (AMATEM), Bakirkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry Neurology and Neurosurgery, Turkey, Istanbul
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Rosa PJ, Ribeiro R, Nogueira SI. Is Negative Affect that Bad? The Effect of Affective States on Conventional and Unconventional Creative Thinking in University Students. Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) 2023; 16:14-23. [PMID: 38106955 PMCID: PMC10723743 DOI: 10.21500/20112084.6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of affective states on the creative process has been receiving the attention of researchers and has led to contradictory results. Most research in creativity has emphasized the role of affective states, mainly positive ones, on creativity levels, namely those resulting from divergent thinking tasks that reveal the unconventional way of thinking in the creative process. However, there are no studies to date that focus on the impact of affective states on conventional and unconventional thinking, during the same creative process, which consider a single creative assessment task. The aim of this experimental study was to analyze the effect of induced affective states on both conventional and unconventional thinking of creativity in adults by using the TCT-DP (Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production). Method Seventy-five university students, mostly female, with a mean age of 26.95 years, were randomly assigned into three affect elicitation conditions (pleasant vs. unpleasant vs. neutral). Results Results indicated that the negative affective state led to higher levels of conventional thinking when compared to positive and neutral affective states. However, no significant differences were found on unconventional thinking across the three conditions. Conclusions Our results do not support the assumption that the negative affect has a hindering effect on creativity nor the positive affect increases creativity. Negative affect seems to promote conventional thinking, perhaps due to its cognitive correlates, which can be manifested in focusing attention and analytic thinking. Practical and theoretical implications for future research on the role of affective states on creativity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Joel Rosa
- Lusófona University, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab (HEI-lab), Lisbon, Portugal.Universidade Lusófona do PortoLusófona UniversityLisbonPortugal
- Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes (ISMAT), Portimão, Portugal.Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira GomesInstituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes (ISMAT)PortimãoPortugal
| | - Roberto Ribeiro
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences (EPCV), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.Universidade Lusófona do PortoSchool of Psychology and Life Sciences (EPCV)Lusófona UniversityPortugal
| | - Sara Ibérico Nogueira
- Lusófona University, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab (HEI-lab), Lisbon, Portugal.Universidade Lusófona do PortoLusófona UniversityLisbonPortugal
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Cammisuli DM, Pagni C, Palermo G, Frosini D, Bonaccorsi J, Radicchi C, Cintoli S, Tommasini L, Tognoni G, Ceravolo R, Bonuccelli U. Mild Cognitive Impairment in de novo Parkinson's Disease: Selective Attention Deficit as Early Sign of Neurocognitive Decay. Front Psychol 2021; 12:546476. [PMID: 33859587 PMCID: PMC8042228 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.546476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present study, we aimed to better investigate attention system profile of Parkinson's disease-Mild Cognitive Impairment (PD-MCI) patients and to determine if specific attentional deficits are associated with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT. Methods: A total of 44 de novo drug-naïve PD patients [(27) with normal cognition (PD-NC) and 17 with MCI (PD-MCI)], 23 MCI patients and 23 individuals with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) were recruited at the Clinical Neurology Unit of Santa Chiara hospital (Pisa University Medical School, Italy). They were assessed by a wide neuropsychological battery, including Visual Search Test (VST) measuring selective attention. Performances among groups were compared by non-parametric tests (i.e., Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney, Bonferroni corrected). Further, Spearman's rank correlations were performed to explore the association between neuropsychological variables and 123I-FP-CIT SPECT data in PD subgroup. Results: PD-MCI patients performed worse on VST than patients with PD-NC (p = 0.002), patients with MCI and individuals with SCI (p < 0.001). The performance of PD-MCI patients on VST significantly correlated with caudate nucleus 123I-FP-CIT SPECT uptake (rho = 0.582, p < 0.05), whereas a negative correlation between such test and 123I-FP-CIT SPECT uptake in the left putamen (rho = -0.529, p < 0.05) was found in PD-NC patients. Conclusions: We suggest that selective attention deficit might be a trigger of cognitive decay in de novo PD-MCI patients. The VST should be routinely used to detect attentional deficits in hospital clinical practice, in the light of its closely association with dopamine depletion of basal ganglia in mildly impaired PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Pagni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Frosini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joyce Bonaccorsi
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Radicchi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Cintoli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drugs and Child Health Area, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Tommasini
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Tognoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (USL) Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
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Carreiro S, Chai PR, Carey J, Lai J, Smelson D, Boyer EW. mHealth for the Detection and Intervention in Adolescent and Young Adult Substance Use Disorder. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2018; 5:110-119. [PMID: 30148037 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-018-0192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review The goal of this review is to highlight recent research in mHealth based approaches to the detection and treatment of substance use disorders in adolescents and young adults. Recent findings The main methods for mHealth based detection include mobile phone based self-report tools, GPS tracking, and wearable sensors. Wearables can be used to detect physiologic changes (e.g., heart rate, electrodermal activity) or biochemical contents of analytes (i.e. alcohol in sweat) with reasonable accuracy, but larger studies are needed. Detection methods have been combined with interventions based on mindfulness, education, incentives/goals and motivation. Few studies have focused specifically on the young adult population, although those that did indicate high rates of utilization and acceptance. Summary Research that explores the pairing of advanced detection methods such as wearables with real time intervention strategies is crucial to realizing the full potential of mHealth in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Carreiro
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Worcester, MA
| | - Peter R Chai
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Carey
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Worcester, MA
| | - Jeffrey Lai
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Worcester, MA
| | - David Smelson
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Worcester, MA
| | - Edward W Boyer
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Boston, MA
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Gamito P, Oliveira J, Alghazzawi D, Fardoun H, Rosa P, Sousa T, Maia I, Morais D, Lopes P, Brito R. The Art Gallery Test: A Preliminary Comparison between Traditional Neuropsychological and Ecological VR-Based Tests. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1911. [PMID: 29204128 PMCID: PMC5698281 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological validity should be the cornerstone of any assessment of cognitive functioning. For this purpose, we have developed a preliminary study to test the Art Gallery Test (AGT) as an alternative to traditional neuropsychological testing. The AGT involves three visual search subtests displayed in a virtual reality (VR) art gallery, designed to assess visual attention within an ecologically valid setting. To evaluate the relation between AGT and standard neuropsychological assessment scales, data were collected on a normative sample of healthy adults (n = 30). The measures consisted of concurrent paper-and-pencil neuropsychological measures [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Color Trails Test (CTT)] along with the outcomes from the three subtests of the AGT. The results showed significant correlations between the AGT subtests describing different visual search exercises strategies with global and specific cognitive measures. Comparative visual search was associated with attention and cognitive flexibility (CTT); whereas visual searches involving pictograms correlated with global cognitive function (MoCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Gamito
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniyal Alghazzawi
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habib Fardoun
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedro Rosa
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Sousa
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ines Maia
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Morais
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Lopes
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Brito
- Escola de Psicologia e Ciências da Vida, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal.,COPELABS-Cognition and People-Centric Computing Laboratories, Lisbon, Portugal
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Fardoun HM, Mashat AS. Technologies Solutions Schemes for Patients' Rehabilitation. Methodologies, Models and Algorithms. Methods Inf Med 2017; 56:83-87. [PMID: 28244544 DOI: 10.3414/me17-14-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present editorial is part of the focus theme of Methods of Information in Medicine entitled "Technologies solutions schemes for Patients' Rehabilitation: Methodologies, Models and Algorithms". The focus theme aims to present nowadays most innovative solutions to improve patients' rehabilitation by applying and using sophisticated and pioneering Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and human factors. METHODS The focus theme explores the different existent research works and tools used, applied and developed for incapable people in terms of rehabilitation and health care, as to look into the extent methodologies, models and algorithms by means of ICT in this process. RESULTS The focus theme lists a group of research works, which are presenting various solutions using ICT systems to improve the rehabilitation process of people with physical incapacities and to help them in carrying out their daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib M Fardoun
- Habib M. Fardoun, Information Systems Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, E-mail:
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