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Emilian Adrian D, Genoni S, Morrison S, Whitelock R. Use of Locking Plates Fixed with Cortical Screws for Pelvic Fracture Repair in 20 Cats. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2024; 37:50-56. [PMID: 37696299 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe the use of String of Pearls (SOP) plates for the surgical management of feline pelvic fractures, including surgical technique, proposed indications, complications, and outcomes in a cohort of cats. STUDY DESIGN This study is a single-center retrospective clinical case series. METHODS Medical records (2015-2019) of cats presenting for pelvic fractures (n = 33) were reviewed. Type of fracture, preoperative and postoperative imaging, and complications were retrospectively retrieved. Owners were contacted via questionnaire for medium- and long-term follow-up. RESULTS A total of 20 cats met the inclusion criteria. Minor intraoperative complications were encountered in three patients. One patient suffered a major intraoperative complication. Five major complications were encountered postoperatively. These included two greater trochanter osteotomy fixation implant removal and three SOP plate removal. Full function was recovered in all patients according to the owners' assessment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of SOP plates in feline pelvic fractures appears to yield a consistently good outcome with a very low incidence of canal narrowing and screw loosening. SOP plates are easy to contour and to apply along the entire pelvic length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano Genoni
- The Ralph Veterinary Referral Centre, Marlow, United Kingdom
| | - Shane Morrison
- Advanced Practitioner in Small Animal Surgery - Christchurch Veterinary Referrals, Ipswich, United Kingdom
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Moi TSM, Minto BW, Macedo AP, Lucena DVF, Malta CAS, Dias LGGG. Preliminary study on a novel dedicated plate for iliac fractures in dogs. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269313. [PMID: 36018880 PMCID: PMC9416997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate a novel plate designed specifically for the canine ilium using finite element methods. The cranial portion of the plate had an elliptical shape and contained nine screw holes. The caudal portion of the plate was triangular with three screw holes. Four and three screws were used at the cranial (screw 1 to 4) and caudal (screw 5 to 7) segment of the plate. Finite element models of the plate and canine pelvis were created. A load of 300 N was applied on the femur-hip joint contact area. Values of Von Mises Stress on the plate, screws and the maximum and minimum main stresses in the bone were used to capture the mechanical factors in this study. Results The novel implant had a plate stress of 51.9 megapascals (MPa) with higher stress in the dorsal part of the plate. Screws 2 and 4 showed similar stress values of 17.3 MPa. Screws 1 and 3 were the most loaded (51.9 MPa and 75 MPa, respectively). Screws 5, 6, and 7 showed similar dissipation and stress values (21.55 MPa). There was traction force in the dorsal region of the pubis and compression in the ventral part, with dissipation and values of 15.4 MPa and 23.9 MPa, respectively, acquiring balance between them. Conclusion The novel plate is potentially applicable and specifically suitable for iliac fractures in dogs. The screws distribution modeled proved itself strategical since the simulated stresses were evenly distributed throughout the implant construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tryssia S. M. Moi
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Bruno W. Minto
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Macedo
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dayvid V. F. Lucena
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio A. S. Malta
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis G. G. G. Dias
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Petrovsky B, Knuth T, Aponte-Colón C, Hoefle W, Kraus K, Naiman J, Yuan L, Mochel JP, Zellner E. Short-term outcomes of 59 dogs treated for ilial body fractures with locking or non-locking plates. Vet Surg 2021; 50:1076-1086. [PMID: 33955036 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of plating systems on the clinical outcomes in dogs treated for ilial fractures. DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS Fifty-nine dogs (63 hemipelves). METHODS Radiographs and medical records of dogs with ilial fractures presented to Iowa State University between 2003 and 2019 were reviewed. After fracture reduction, fractures were fixed with a locking plate system (LPS) or non-locking plate system (NLS). Perioperative, long-term complications, and follow-up data were recorded. The frequency of implant failure and pelvic collapse were compared using a logistic and linear regression analysis, respectively. Where the univariate test was statistically significant, a multivariate analysis across categories was performed to identify statistically different categories. RESULTS LPS and NLS implants were used in 25/63 and 38/63 hemipelves, respectively. Median follow-up time was 8 weeks (3-624 weeks). Implant failure occurred in 18/63 (29%) of fracture repairs, consisting of 17 with NLS and 1 with LPS. Revision surgery was recommended in five cases of implant failure, all with NLS. The probability of implant failure was higher when fractures were fixed with NLS (p = .0056). All other variables evaluated did not seem to influence outcome measures. CONCLUSION The variable with the most influence on the outcomes of dogs treated for ilial fractures consisted of the fixation method (NLS vs. LPS). Fractures repaired with NLS were nearly 20 times more likely to fail than those repaired with LPS. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Surgeons should consider repairing ilial body fractures in dogs with LPS to reduce the risk of short-term implant failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Petrovsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Taylor Knuth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Cristina Aponte-Colón
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - William Hoefle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Karl Kraus
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jaron Naiman
- Surgery Department, VCA Animal Specialty and Emergency Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lingnan Yuan
- Smart Pharmacology Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jonathan P Mochel
- Smart Pharmacology Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric Zellner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Prada T, Shimano A, Chung D, Karcher D, Minto B. Mechanical analysis of transversal iliac fracture stabilization using dynamic compression plate or screws and PMM in polyurethane bone model. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pelvic fractures correspond to 20 to 30 % of the fractures observed in dogs. Complete fractures, especially with bone axis deviation should be surgically treated. The mechanical study of surgical techniques is of utmost importance to assess the best way of treating these injuries. This study compared, biomechanically, the use of a dynamic compression plate (DCP) and screws (group 1) or screws and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (group 2) to stabilize an iliac fracture using a static test. Sixteen canine synthetic hemi-pelvises (test specimens) with a transverse iliac osteotomy were used. After fixation with implants, a load was applied to the acetabulum until failure. Group 1 maximal compressive load was 133.9±18.60 N, displacement at yield 21.10±3.59mm and stiffness 125.22±12.25N/mm. Group 2 maximal compressive load was 183.50±27.38N, displacement at yield 16.66±5.42mm and stiffness 215.68±33.34N/mm. The stabilization with polymethylmethacrylate was stronger than dynamic compression plate since it resisted a greater load in all test specimens.
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Kenzig AR, Butler JR, Priddy LB, Lacy KR, Elder SH. A biomechanical comparison of conventional dynamic compression plates and string-of-pearls™ locking plates using cantilever bending in a canine Ilial fracture model. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:222. [PMID: 28705189 PMCID: PMC5508706 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fracture of the ilium is common orthopedic injury that often requires surgical stabilization in canine patients. Of the various methods of surgical stabilization available, application of a lateral bone plate to the ilium is the most common method of fixation. Many plating options are available, each having its own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of a 3.5 mm String-of-Pearls™ plate and a 3.5 mm dynamic compression plate in a cadaveric canine ilial fracture model. Hemipelves were tested in cantilever bending to failure and construct stiffness, yield load, displacement at yield, ultimate load, and mode of failure were compared. Results The mean stiffness of dynamic compression plate (116 ± 47 N/mm) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (107 ± 18 N/mm) constructs, mean yield load of dynamic compression plate (793 ± 333 N) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (860 ± 207 N) constructs, mean displacement at yield of dynamic compression plate (8.6 ± 3.0 mm) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (10.2 ± 2.8 mm) constructs, and ultimate load at failure of dynamic compression plate (936 ± 320 N) and String-of-Pearls™ plate (939 ± 191 N) constructs were not significantly different. No differences were found between constructs with respect to mode of failure. Conclusions No significant biomechanical differences were found between String-of-Pearls™ plate and dynamic compression plate constructs in this simplified cadaveric canine ilial fracture model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Kenzig
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - James R Butler
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Lauren B Priddy
- Mississippi State University College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Box 9632, 130 Creelman Street, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Kristen R Lacy
- Mississippi State University College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Box 9632, 130 Creelman Street, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Steven H Elder
- Mississippi State University College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Box 9632, 130 Creelman Street, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
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Grubor P, Mitković M, Grubor M, Mitković M, Meccariello L, Falzarano G. Biomechanical Stability of Juvidur and Bone Models on Osteosyntesic Materials. Acta Inform Med 2016; 24:261-265. [PMID: 27708489 PMCID: PMC5037998 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2016.24.261-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Artificial models can be useful at approximate and qualitative research, which should give the preliminary results. Artificial models are usually made of photo-elastic plastic e.g.. juvidur, araldite in the three-dimensional contour shape of the bone. Anatomical preparations consist of the same heterogeneous, structural materials with extremely anisotropic and unequal highly elastic characteristics, which are embedded in a complex organic structure. The aim of the study: Examine the budget voltage and deformation of: dynamic compression plate (DCP), locking compression plate (LCP), Mitkovic internal fixator (MIF), Locked intramedullary nailing (LIN) on the compressive and bending forces on juvidur and veal bone models and compared the results of these two methods (juvidur, veal bone). Material and Methods: For the experimental study were used geometrically identical, anatomically shaped models of Juvidur and veal bones diameter of 30 mm and a length of 100 mm. Static tests were performed with SHIMADZU AGS-X testing machine, where the force of pressure (compression) increased from 0 N to 500 N, and then conducted relief. Bending forces grew from 0 N to 250 N, after which came into sharp relief. Results: On models of juvidur and veal bones studies have confirmed that uniform stability at the site of the fracture MIF with a coefficient ranking KMIF=0,1971, KLIN=0,2704, KDCP=0,2727 i KLCP=0,5821. Conclusion: On models of juvidur and veal bones working with Shimadzu AGS-X testing machine is best demonstrated MIF with a coefficient of 0.1971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Grubor
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia
| | | | - Milan Grubor
- Faculty of Medicine of University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia
| | | | - Luigi Meccariello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Neuroscience, Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Siena, University Hospital "Santa Maria alle Scotte", Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Falzarano
- U.O.C. Orthopedics and Traumatology, Azienda Ospedaliera "Gaetano Rummo", Benevento, Italy
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