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Berger C, Yair N, Amzallag Lombrozo R, Doust R, Ober C, Milgram J. The use of subchondral bone topography to approximate the center of rotation of the elbow joint in dogs. Vet Surg 2023; 52:157-167. [PMID: 36196503 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the approximate center of rotation in normal and diseased elbows in dogs. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study SAMPLE POPULATION: Computer tomography scans of nine dogs with unilateral fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP). METHODS A board certified radiologist confirmed that each dog had unilateral FMCP, and a normal contralateral elbow. Digital 3D models of all elbow joints were uploaded into a surgical planning software package. Four axes approximating the center of rotation (COR) of elbow joints were generated using five geometric shapes based on subchondral topography of the humeral condyle radius and ulna. Images showing the locations where axes exited the medial and lateral cortex of the humeral condyle were captured and imported into a second software package, for measurement of distances between exit points and the origin of a system of axes. RESULTS In normal joints 20/27 (74%) axes exited the medial cortex, and 25/27 (93%) axes exited the lateral cortex cranial and distal to the medial and lateral epicondyles, respectively. In diseased joints 22/27 (81%) axes exited medial cortex and 19/27 (70%) axes exited the lateral cortex, caudal and distal to the medial and lateral epicondyles, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on CT- derived geometry, the COR of elbow affected with FMCP was generally more caudal than normal. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE External landmarks approximating the location of the elbow COR are provided, and while not validated, may assist in planning, creation, and assessment of procedures for FMCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Berger
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nadav Yair
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Amzallag Lombrozo
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ross Doust
- Veterinary - General & Referral, Belfast, UK
| | - Ciprian Ober
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Joshua Milgram
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Bruecker KA, Benjamino K, Vezzoni A, Walls C, Wendelburg KL, Follette CM, Déjardin LM, Guillou R. Canine Elbow Dysplasia: Medial Compartment Disease and Osteoarthritis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2021; 51:475-515. [PMID: 33558016 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Erosion of the articular cartilage of the medial compartment of the elbow (the humeroulnar articulation) secondary to incongruency associated with elbow dysplasia or traumatic injury has been termed, medial compartment disease. When nonsurgical strategies to manage osteoarthritis (OA) fail, surgical solutions may be warranted. Surgical strategies reduce pain through off-loading of the medial compartment by load-shifting osteotomies of the humerus or ulna. Other strategies involve replacement of portions or all of the articular surface of the medial compartment. With global elbow joint OA (medial and lateral compartment), a total elbow replacement may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Benjamino
- MedVet Medical and Cancer Centers for Pets, Columbus, 8155 Markhaven Drive, Columbus, OH 43235, USA
| | - Aldo Vezzoni
- Clinica Veterinaria Vezzoni srl, via Massarotti 60/A, Cremona, Cremona 26100, Italy
| | - Charles Walls
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School Of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kirk L Wendelburg
- VCA Animal Specialty Group, 4641 Colorado Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA
| | | | - Loïc M Déjardin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824-1314, USA
| | - Reunan Guillou
- ACCESS Bone & Joint Center, 9599 Jefferson Boulevard, Culver City, CA 90232, USA
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Lattimer JC, Selting KA, Lunceford JM, Holland JR, Simon J, Stevenson NR, Doerr CA. Intraarticular injection of a Tin-117 m radiosynoviorthesis agent in normal canine elbows causes no adverse effects. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019; 60:567-574. [PMID: 31155782 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This longitudinal prospective exploratory study used serial measurements in five dogs to evaluate safety and retention of a tin-117 m (117m Sn) colloid after intra-articular injection in normal elbow joints. Each dog was deemed healthy based on physical examination, laboratory results, and radiographic evaluation of both elbows. While anesthetized, each received an MRI of both elbows, followed by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans of both elbow joints and associated lymph nodes. Joint fluid (0.5-1.0 mL) was withdrawn aseptically from the left elbow joint, followed by intra-articular injection of 117m Sn colloid (92.5 MBq; 1-1.5 ml). Post-injection assessments included blood counts, serum chemistry panels, urinalyses, radiographs, joint fluid analyses, MRI/positron emission tomography scans, scintigraphy, and biodistribution scans. On day 45-47, each dog was euthanized and a complete postmortem examination was performed. Tissue samples were submitted for histopathology and radioisotope retention studies. Left elbow joints were decalcified and sectioned for future autoradiography. Scintigraphy, 1 day after injection, indicated slight radioisotope escape from the joint to regional lymph nodes. Serial blood, urine, feces, and organ counts indicated >99.1% of the 117m Sn activity was retained in the joint for 45-47 days. Radiation output levels were below patient release levels the day following injection. Maximum standard uptake value for the injected joint decreased. Joint fluid cytology was unchanged. No dog exhibited lameness during the study. Absence of joint damage and lack of systemic effects after injection of the 117m Sn colloid in normal canine elbow joints indicate that this agent may be safely used for radiosynoviorthesis in dogs with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy C Lattimer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Kimberly A Selting
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Joni M Lunceford
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - James R Holland
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Computed tomography and radiographic assessment of congruity between the ulnar trochlear notch and humeral trochlea in large breed dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 30:8-14. [PMID: 27849106 DOI: 10.3415/vcot-16-03-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess the fit between the ulnar trochlear notch (UTN) and humeral trochlea (HT) in elbow radiographs and computed tomography (CT) images by measuring the curvature radii in normal joints. METHODS Mediolateral extended view (MLE) and CT were performed on 16 elbows from cadaveric dogs weighing over 20 kg. Curves were traced at the subchondral level from the UTN central ridge and the HT sagittal groove related to the UTN on ~132° joint extension. Curvature radii were achieved using appropriate computer software. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficient between MLE/CT measurements were statistically significant, with lower limits of a 95% confidence interval (CI) >0.75. The mean differences between MLE/CT measurements were -0.71 mm (95% CI: -0.97 to -0.45) for UTN and -1.04 mm (95% CI: -1.21 to -0.87) for HT. The UTN and HT curvature radii typology were similar, with maximum radius values at the starting point and two intermediate peaks. The UTN curvature radii were bigger than the HT radii, with the largest differences in the most proximal aspect of the joint and in the second intermediate peak. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on humeroulnar congruity through curvature radii evaluation. The software and methodology proposed enabled an adequate UTN and HT radii curvature assessment in MLE and CT images. Comparative studies in normal and dysplastic dogs of various breeds could better clarify the role of UTN and HT curvature radii in elbow incongruity and dysplasia.
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Alves-Pimenta S, Ginja M, Fernandes AM, Melo-Pinto P, Colaço B. Curvature Radius Measurements From the Humeral Trochlea in Large Dogs. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:1012-4. [PMID: 27149644 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Alves-Pimenta
- Department of Animal Science, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal.,CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - MárioManuel Ginja
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Science, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Melo-Pinto
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Engineering, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Department of Animal Science, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal.,CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal
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Innes J, Pettitt R, Smirthwaite P. Study on canine total elbow replacement. Vet Rec 2016; 178:299. [PMID: 26993455 DOI: 10.1136/vr.i1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Innes
- ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists, Units E&F, Telford Court, Gates Road, Dunkirk, Chester CH1 6LT, e-mail:
| | - Rob Pettitt
- NorthWest Surgeons, Delamere House, Ashville Point, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire WA7 3FW, e-mail:
| | - Paul Smirthwaite
- Osteogen, The Counting House, Church Farm Business Park, Bath BA2 9AP
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