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Sofidis G, Otountzidis N, Stalikas N, Karagiannidis E, Papazoglou AS, Moysidis DV, Panteris E, Deda O, Kartas A, Zegkos T, Daskalaki P, Theodoridou N, Stefanopoulos L, Karvounis H, Gika H, Theodoridis G, Sianos G. Association of GRACE Risk Score with Coronary Artery Disease Complexity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2210. [PMID: 34065227 PMCID: PMC8160761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The GRACE score constitutes a useful tool for risk stratification in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), while the SYNTAX score determines the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study sought to correlate these scores and assess the accuracy of the GRACE score in predicting the extent of CAD. A total of 539 patients with ACS undergoing coronary angiography were included in this analysis. The patients were classified into those with a SYNTAX score < 33 and a SYNTAX score ≥ 33. Spearman's correlation and receiver operator characteristic analysis were conducted to investigate the role of the GRACE score as a predictor of the SYNTAX score. There was a significantly positive correlation between the SYNTAX and the GRACE scores (r = 0.32, p < 0.001). The GRACE score predicted severe CAD (SYNTAX ≥ 33) moderately well (the area under the curve was 0.595 (0.522-0.667)). A GRACE score of 126 was documented as the optimal cut-off for the prediction of a SYNTAX score ≥ 33 (sensitivity = 53.5% and specificity = 66%). Therefore, our study reports a significantly positive correlation between the GRACE and the SYNTAX score in patients with ACS. Notably, NSTEMI patients with a high-risk coronary anatomy have higher calculated GRACE scores. A multidisciplinary approach by a heart team could possibly alter the therapeutic approach and management in patients presenting with ACS and a high calculated GRACE score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Sofidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Otountzidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Stalikas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Andreas S. Papazoglou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Dimitrios V. Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Eleftherios Panteris
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (O.D.); (H.G.)
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Olga Deda
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (O.D.); (H.G.)
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anastasios Kartas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Thomas Zegkos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Paraskevi Daskalaki
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Niki Theodoridou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Leandros Stefanopoulos
- Lab of Computing, Medical Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Technologies, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Haralambos Karvounis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Helen Gika
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (O.D.); (H.G.)
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Theodoridis
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd, P.O. Box 8318, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Sianos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.S.); (N.O.); (N.S.); (E.K.); (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.K.); (T.Z.); (P.D.); (N.T.); (H.K.)
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