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Wang Y, Zhao H, Li X, Li N, Wang Q, Liu Y, Liang Q, Shao Z, Zhang N, Zhao T, Peng L, Li P. Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway. Front Physiol 2019; 10:494. [PMID: 31105592 PMCID: PMC6498888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tangshen formula (TSF), a formula of Chinese herbal medicine, improves lipid metabolism in humans and animals with diabetic kidney disease. However, the effect and mechanism of TSF on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unclear. The activation of autophagy appears to be a potential mechanism for improving NAFLD. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic effect of TSF on hepatic steatosis and sought to explore whether its effect is related to activating autophagy. Here, we showed that TSF treatment significantly attenuated hepatic steatosis in both high-fat diet (HFD) and methionine choline-deficient diet (MCDD)-fed mice. Meanwhile, TSF reduced lipid accumulation in palmitate (PA)-stimulated HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes. Furthermore, TSF increased Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and promoted autophagy activation in vivo. TSF also improved PA-induced suppression of both SIRT1 expression and SIRT1-dependent autophagy, thereby alleviating intracellular lipid accumulation in vitro. In addition, TSF increased SIRT1 expression and induced autophagy in an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner. Moreover, SIRT1 knockdown abolished the autophagy-inducing and lipid-lowering effects of TSF. In conclusion, TSF improved lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis by inducing the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qionglin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixing Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Liu P, Peng L, Zhang H, Tang PMK, Zhao T, Yan M, Zhao H, Huang X, Lan H, Li P. Tangshen Formula Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy by Promoting ABCA1-Mediated Renal Cholesterol Efflux in db/db Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:343. [PMID: 29681863 PMCID: PMC5897509 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The commonly prescribed Tangshen Formula (TSF) is a traditional Chinese formulation that has been shown to reduce plasma lipid metabolism and proteinuria and improve the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with diabetic kidney disease. This study investigated the underlying mechanism whereby TSF regulates renal lipid accumulation and ameliorates diabetic renal injuries in spontaneous diabetic db/db mice and in vitro in sodium palmitate (PA)-stimulated and Abca1-SiRNA-transfected mouse tubular epithelial cells (mTECs). The results revealed that TSF treatment significantly ameliorated the renal injuries by lowering urinary albumin excretion and improving renal tissue injuries in diabetic (db/db) mice. Interestingly, the treatment with TSF also resulted in decreased cholesterol levels in the renal tissues of db/db mice, which was associated with increased expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), the Liver X receptors (LXR), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), suggesting that TSF might attenuate diabetic kidney injury via a mechanism associated with improving cholesterol efflux in the diabetic kidney. This was investigated in vitro in mTECs, and the results showed that TSF reduced the PA-stimulated cholesterol accumulation in mTECs. Mechanistically, the addition of TSF was capable of reversing PA-induced downregulation of PGC-1α, LXR, and ABCA1 expression and cholesterol accumulation in mTECs, suggesting that TSF might act the protection via the PGC-1α-LXR-ABCA1 pathway to improve the cholesterol efflux in the renal tissues of db/db mice. This was further confirmed by silencing ABCA1 to block the promotive effect of TSF on cholesterol efflux in vitro. In conclusion, TSF might ameliorate diabetic kidney injuries by promoting ABCA1-mediated renal cholesterol efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yan
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoru Huang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Huiyao Lan
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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Huang HH, Wang JJ, Chen HH. Implicit opinion analysis: Extraction and polarity labelling. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/asi.23835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hen-Hsen Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsi Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
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Yang X, Zhang B, Lu X, Yan M, Wen Y, Zhao T, Li P. Effects of Tangshen Formula on urinary and plasma liver-type fatty acid binding protein levels in patients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease: post-hoc findings from a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy and safety of Tangshen Formula in patients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:246. [PMID: 27460780 PMCID: PMC4962377 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Tangshen Formula (TSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) is expressed in various tissues, including the kidney, where it is known as urinary L-FABP. Other studies demonstrated that urinary L-FABP may be a useful biomarker for monitoring DKD. This post-hoc analysis and cross-sectional study evaluated the changes in urinary L-FABP in DKD patients treated with TSF and conventional medicine. Methods Post-hoc analysis was conducted on a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 180 participants with DKD including 98 with microalbuminuria and 82 with macroalbuminuria were enrolled in the original study. In addition to conventional treatment, 122 participants were randomly assigned to receive TSF and 58 to receive placebo. After 24-weeks of treatment, the intention-to-treat population in microalbuminuria stage was 56 in the TSF group and 25 in the placebo group, and in the macroalbuminuria stage 42 and 19, respectively. The primary outcome in the original trial was urinary protein level. In the current study, urinary and plasma L-FABP levels were measured in 30 microalbuminuria patients (15 in the TSF group and 15 in the placebo group) and 30 macroalbuminuria patients (15 in the TSF group and 15 in the placebo group). In addition, another 30 patients with normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) < 20 μg/min) were recruited for the cross-sectional study. Results (1) In microalbuminuria patients, UAER in the TSF group displayed a significant decrease after 24 weeks of treatment (P = 0.045). Levels of urinary L-FABP in the TSF group were markedly lower than in the placebo group after 12 and 24 weeks (P = 0.004 and P = 0.047, respectively). (2) In macroalbuminuria patients, 24-h urinary protein levels decreased significantly compared with baseline in the TSF group at week 12 (P = 0.042) and week 24 (P = 0.041). The TSF group showed a significant decrease in urinary L-FABP after 12 and 24 weeks (P = 0.036 and P = 0.046, respectively). (3) Levels of urinary L-FABP increased markedly, correlating with severity of DKD. L-FABP in patients with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria were 5.9 (5.2, 7.8) μg/ml, 11.4 (6.8, 13.4) μg/ml and 18.5 (10.9, 23.4) μg/ml, respectively (P = 0.000). Conclusions TSF combined with conventional therapy appeared to be effective in reducing urinary protein and urinary L-FABP. Urinary L-FABP levels appear to be associated with the severity of DKD. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-TRC-10000843. Registered 15 April 2010.
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Wang X, Zhang A, Sun H. Future perspectives of Chinese medical formulae: chinmedomics as an effector. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2012; 16:414-21. [PMID: 22734809 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2011.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years to treat or prevent disease. The health care paradigm has shifted from a focus on disease to TCM therapy with a holistic approach. However, the actual value of TCM has not been fully recognized worldwide due to a lack of scientific approaches to its study. Today omics has become practically available, and resembles TCM in many aspects, and can serve as a key driving force for the translation of the traditional Chinese medical formulae (chinmediformulae) into practice, and will develop and advance the concept of the metabolomics of chinmediformulae (chinmedomics). Chinmedomics seeks to elucidate the therapeutic and synergistic properties and metabolism of chinmediformulae and the involved metabolic pathways using modern analytical techniques. It is an integral part of top-down systems biology, which aims to improve understanding of chinmediformulae. This approach of combining chinmedomics with chinmediformulae with modern health care systems may lead to a revolution in TCM therapy. Although the scientific study of chinmedomics is at an early stage and requires further scrutiny and validation, the approach has major implications to improve the efficacy of chinmediformulae. This article introduces and reviews the concept of chinmedomics, and highlights recent examples of the approach, which are presented for description and discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Wang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Harbin, China.
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