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Yang Z, Li H, Wu P, Li Q, Yu C, Wang D, Li W. Multi-biological functions of intermedin in diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1233073. [PMID: 37745233 PMCID: PMC10511904 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1233073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)/calcitonin (CT) superfamily, and it is expressed extensively throughout the body. The typical receptors for IMD are complexes composed of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP), which leads to a biased activation towards Gαs. As a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, IMD regulates the initiation and metastasis of multiple tumors. Additionally, IMD functions as a proangiogenic factor that can restrain excessive vascular budding and facilitate the expansion of blood vessel lumen, ultimately resulting in the fusion of blood vessels. IMD has protective roles in various diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, metabolic disease, cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory diseases. This review systematically elucidates IMD's expression, structure, related receptors and signal pathway, as well as its comprehensive functions in the context of acute kidney injury, obesity, diabetes, heart failure and sepsis. However, the precise formation process of IMD short peptides in vivo and their downstream signaling pathway have not been fully elucidated yet. Further in-depth studies are need to translate IMD research into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingyan Li
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - ChunYan Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li M, Li X, Yang L. Cardioprotective effects of garcinol following myocardial infarction in rats with isoproterenol-induced heart failure. AMB Express 2020; 10:137. [PMID: 32749545 PMCID: PMC7403263 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a clinical form of necrosis in the myocardium caused by an imbalance between the coronary blood supply and myocardial demand. Garcinol is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone found in the fruit of Garcinia indica, which is abundant in tropical regions. This fruit contains high levels of garcinol, isoxanthochymol, isogarcinol, hydroxycitric acid and xanthochymol. Garcinol and hydroxycitric acid have been shown to have antioxidant effects. In this study, rats were assigned to sham, control, low-dose, high-dose and positive control groups. Hemodynamic and apoptotic markers were evaluated, and histopathological analysis was conducted. The mRNA and protein levels of caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were quantified. Garcinol treatment increased the heart rate and improved the maximum rate of increase in left-ventricle (LV) pressure (+dp/dtmax), maximum rate of decrease in LV pressure (–dp/dtmax), LV ejection fraction and LV systolic pressure in rats with induced heart failure. Garcinol treatment reversed body, liver and heart weight changes, resulting in returns to near-normal levels. In the garcinol treatment group, the number of broken fibers, extent of inflammatory cell infiltration and rate of apoptosis remained within normal ranges. Garcinol reduced the cross-sectional areas of cardiomyocytes, and reduced interstitial fibrosis to a normal level. The mRNA and protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-3 and Bax were reduced, whereas those of Bcl-2 were increased, following high-dose (100 mg/kg) garcinol treatment. These findings suggest that garcinol effectively prevents apoptosis in rats with isoproterenol-induced heart failure and in cardiac H9C2 cells.
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Jiang T, Han F, Gao G, Liu M. Mangiferin exert cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects in heart failure induced rats. Life Sci 2020; 249:117476. [PMID: 32119962 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mangiferin is a well-known xanthone extracted from mango leaves (Mangifera indica Linn). Mangiferin is widely distributed in the bark, peel, leaf, seed, stalk, and kernel of mango and higher plants. The pharmacological properties of mangiferin, including its antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging, antiviral, hepatoprotective, analgesic, and immunomodulatory activities, have been described in several studies. We investigated the effect of mangiferin on isoproterenol-induced apoptosis. Experimental heart failure was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days. Rats were divided into five groups: group I (sham rats), group II (isoproterenol alone control), group III (isoproterenol + 25 mg/kg mangiferin), group IV (isoproterenol + 50 mg/kg mangiferin), and group V (isoproterenol + 0.0225 mg/kg digitalis as a positive control). Hemodynamic parameters and body weight, heart weight and liver weight, apoptosis induction, and caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein levels were measured, and a histopathological analysis of cardiomyocytes was performed. In addition, apoptosis and protein expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were measured in cardiac H9c2 cells. Mangiferin supplementation significantly increased heart rate and improved the maximum rate of decrease in left ventricular (LV) pressure, the maximum rate of increase in LV pressure, and LV systolic pressure. Mangiferin reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and the number of broken myocardial fibers, and decreased apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by reducing proteins levels of caspase-3 and Bax and increasing those of Bcl-2. Our findings suggest that mangiferin has a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The third Hospital of Jilin University, (Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Centre for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease), Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Fanglei Han
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Guangyuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The third Hospital of Jilin University, (Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Centre for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease), Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The third Hospital of Jilin University, (Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Centre for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease), Changchun, Jilin 130033, China.
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Yang X, Shao H, Chen Y, Ding N, Yang A, Tian J, Jiang Y, Li G, Jiang Y. In renal hypertension, Cirsium japonicum strengthens cardiac function via the intermedin/nitric oxide pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Møller MN, Kirkeby S, Vikeså J, Nielsen FC, Cayé-Thomasen P. The human endolymphatic sac expresses natriuretic peptides. Laryngoscope 2017; 127:E201-E208. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.26074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nue Møller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Svend Kirkeby
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental School, Panum Institute; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jonas Vikeså
- Center for Genomic Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Per Cayé-Thomasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Carillon J, Gauthier A, Barial S, Tournier M, Gayrard N, Lajoix AD, Jover B. Relaxin and atrial natriuretic peptide pathways participate in the anti-fibrotic effect of a melon concentrate in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:30985. [PMID: 27079780 PMCID: PMC4832218 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.30985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a model of human essential hypertension, oxidative stress is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis associated with hypertension. Dietary supplementation with agents exhibiting antioxidant properties could have a beneficial effect in remodeling of the heart. We previously demonstrated a potent anti-hypertrophic effect of a specific melon (Cucumis melo L.) concentrate with antioxidant properties in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Relaxin and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were reported to reduce collagen deposition and fibrosis progression in various experimental models. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that, beside reduction in oxidative stress, the melon concentrate may act through relaxin, its receptor (relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1, RXFP1), and ANP in SHR. DESIGN AND RESULTS The melon concentrate, given orally during 4 days, reduced cardiomyocyte size (by 25%) and totally reversed cardiac collagen content (Sirius red staining) in SHR but not in their normotensive controls. Treatment with the melon concentrate lowered cardiac nitrotyrosine-stained area (by 45%) and increased by 17-19% the cardiac expression (Western blot) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, plasma relaxin concentration was normalized while cardiac relaxin (Western blot) was lowered in treated SHR. Cardiac relaxin receptor level determined by immunohistochemical analysis increased only in treated SHR. Similarly, the melon concentrate reversed the reduction of plasma ANP concentration and lowered its cardiac expression. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that reversal of cardiac fibrosis by the melon concentrate involves antioxidant defenses, as well as relaxin and ANP pathways restoration. It is suggested that dietary SOD supplementation could be a useful additional strategy against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carillon
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Bionov Research, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sandy Barial
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Bernard Jover
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France;
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Li P, Shi L, Han Y, Zhao Y, Qi Y, Wang B. Prognostic Value of Plasma Intermedin Level in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3422. [PMID: 27100434 PMCID: PMC4845838 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD), an autocrine/paracrine biologically active peptide, plays a critical role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Recent research has shown that high plasma levels of IMD are associated with poor outcomes for patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. However, the prognostic utility of IMD levels in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) has not yet been investigated. We hypothesized that the level of plasma IMD would have prognostic value in patients with NSTE-ACS. Plasma IMD was determined by radioimmunoassay in 132 NSTE-ACS patients on admission to hospital and 132 sex- and age-matched healthy-control subjects. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including death, heart failure, hospitalization, and acute myocardial infarction, were noted during follow-up. In total, 23 patients suffered MACEs during the follow-up period (mean 227 ± 118 days, range 2-421 days). Median IMD levels were higher in NSTE-ACS patients than control [320.0 (250.9/384.6) vs. 227.2 (179.7/286.9) pg/mL, P <0.001]. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for IMD and N-terminal pro-B-type brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) did not significantly differ (0.73 and 0.79, both P <0.001, respectively; P = 0.946). ROC curve analysis revealed a cut-off value for IMD at 340.7 pg/mL. Cox regression analysis with cardiovascular risk variables and NT-proBNP showed that the risk of MACEs increased by a factor of 12.96 (95% CI, 3.26-49.42; P <0.001) with high IMD levels (at the cut-off value). IMD has potential as a prognostic biomarker for predicting MACEs in patients with NSTE-ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyang Li
- From the Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine (PL, LS, BW), Peking University Health Science Center; Department of Cardiology (PL, YH, YZ, BW), Aerospace Central Hospital; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Bioactive Molecule (YQ), School of Basic Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (YQ), Ministry of Education; and Department of Pathogen Biology (YQ), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Chang JR, Guo J, Wang Y, Hou YL, Lu WW, Zhang JS, Yu YR, Xu MJ, Liu XY, Wang XJ, Guan YF, Zhu Y, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Intermedin1-53 attenuates vascular calcification in rats with chronic kidney disease by upregulation of α-Klotho. Kidney Int 2016; 89:586-600. [PMID: 26880455 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency in α-Klotho is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Since intermedin (IMD)1-53 (a calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide) protects against vascular calcification, we studied whether IMD1-53 inhibits vascular calcification by upregulating α-Klotho. A rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with vascular calcification induced by the 5/6 nephrectomy plus vitamin D3 was used for study. The aortas of rats with CKD showed reduced IMD content but an increase of its receptor, calcitonin receptor-like receptor, and its receptor modifier, receptor activity-modifying protein 3. IMD1-53 treatment reduced vascular calcification. The expression of α-Klotho was greatly decreased in the aortas of rats with CKD but increased in the aortas of IMD1-53-treated rats with CKD. In vitro, IMD1-53 increased α-Klotho protein level in calcified vascular smooth muscle cells. α-Klotho knockdown blocked the inhibitory effect of IMD1-53 on vascular smooth muscle cell calcification and their transformation into osteoblast-like cells. The effect of IMD1-53 to upregulate α-Klotho and inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell calcification was abolished by knockdown of its receptor or its modifier protein, or treatment with the protein kinase A inhibitor H89. Thus, IMD1-53 may attenuate vascular calcification by upregulating α-Klotho via the calcitonin receptor/modifying protein complex and protein kinase A signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Rui Chang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Insititute of Basic Medicine Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Renal Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Long Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Sheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Rong Yu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Jiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Network Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - You Fei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Shu Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Fen Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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Intermedin1–53 protects against cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress via activating AMP-activated protein kinase. J Hypertens 2015; 33:1676-87. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Yang W, Xv M, Yang WC, Wang N, Zhang XZ, Li WZ. Exogenous α-calcitonin gene-related peptide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2181-8. [PMID: 25892548 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Calcitonin gene-related peptide (α-CGRP) is a 37 amino-acid neuropeptide that is primarily released from C-type sensory neurons. α-CGRP exerts multiple modulatory effects on immune responses and visceral organ function, but the role of exogenous α-CGRP in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has remained to be elucidated. Forty-eight rats were randomized to receive continuous intraperitoneal infusion of α-CGRP (0.4 μg/kg/min) or normal saline for 30 min, followed by intratracheal injection of 0.5 mg/kg LPS or saline. There were four groups of animals: The saline-saline (S-S) group; the saline-α-CGRP (S-C) group; the LPS-saline (L-S) group and the LPS-α-CGRP (L-C) group. Mean arterial pressure and arterial blood gases were assessed prior to α-CGRP and LPS administration and every hour following LPS treatment. After 4 h, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and used to assess total cell count and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, intracellular cell adhesion molecule 1 and macrophage inflammatory protein 2. Lung tissue was also collected for assessing wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio, histology and Evans blue (EB) dye extravasation. Pulmonary α-CGRP concentration and α-CGRP receptor expression were also examined, and inducible cyclic adenosine monophosphate early repressor (ICER) and TNF-α mRNA expression levels were measured. Treatment with exogenous α-CGRP improved oxygenation during LPS-induced ALI. Correspondingly, histological injury, total cell count, inflammatory cytokine levels, W/D ratio and EB dye extravasation were also significantly reduced. α-CGRP receptor 1 expression was noted in pulmonary endothelial cells and alveolar macrophages and α-CGRP receptor expression levels were decreased during ALI, whereas pulmonary α-CGRP expression was continuously increased. Furthermore, exogenous α-CGRP induced upregulation of ICER during LPS-induced ALI. In conclusion, exogenous α-CGRP improved oxygenation and ameliorated lung damage in LPS-induced ALI, and these effects were associated with the upregulation of ICER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Meng Xv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wan Chao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Li Y, Song P, Zhu Q, Yin QY, Ji JW, Li W, Bian HM. Liguzinediol improved the heart function and inhibited myocardial cell apoptosis in rats with heart failure. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1257-64. [PMID: 25220638 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Liguzinediol is a novel derivative of ligustrazine isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii Franch), and produces significant positive inotropic effect in isolated rat hearts. In this study we investigated the effects of liguzinediol on a rat model of heart failure. METHODS To induce heart failure, male SD rats were injected with doxorubicin (DOX, 2 mg/kg, ip) once a week for 4 weeks. Then the rats were administered with liguzinediol (5, 10, 20 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), po) for 2 weeks. Hemodynamic examination was conducted to evaluate heart function. Myocardial cell apoptosis was examined morphologically. The expression of related genes and proteins were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot assays, respectively. RESULTS Oral administration of liguzinediol dose-dependently improved the heart function in DOX-treated rats. Electron microscopy revealed that liguzinediol (10 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) markedly attenuated DOX-induced injury of cardiomyocytes, and decreased the number of apoptotic bodies in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, liguzinediol significantly decreased Bax protein level, and increased Bcl-2 protein level in cardiomyocytes of DOX-treated rats, led to an increase in the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Moreover, liguzinediol significantly decreased the expression of both cleaved caspase-3 and NF-κB in cardiomyocytes of DOX-treated rats. Administration of digitalis (0.0225 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) also markedly improved the heart function and the morphology of cardiomyocytes in DOX-treated rats. CONCLUSION Liguzinediol improves the heart function and inhibits myocardial cell apoptosis in the rat model of heart failure, which is associated with regulating Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and NF-κB expression.
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Ni X, Zhang J, Tang C, Qi Y. Intermedin/adrenomedullin2: an autocrine/paracrine factor in vascular homeostasis and disease. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:781-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gan XB, Sun HJ, Chen D, Zhang LL, Zhou H, Chen LY, Zhou YB. Intermedin in the paraventricular nucleus attenuates cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in chronic heart failure rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94234. [PMID: 24709972 PMCID: PMC3978024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Intermedin (IMD) is a member of calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family together with adrenomedullin (AM) and amylin. It has a wide distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) especially in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) is enhanced in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of IMD in the PVN on CSAR and its related mechanisms in CHF rats. Methodology/Principal Findings Rats were subjected to left descending coronary artery ligation to induce CHF or sham-operation (Sham). Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded. CSAR was evaluated by the RSNA and MAP responses to epicardial application of capsaicin. Acute experiments were carried out 8 weeks after coronary ligation or sham surgery under anesthesia. IMD and angiotensin II (Ang II) levels in the PVN were up-regulated in CHF rats. Bilateral PVN microinjection of IMD caused greater decreases in CSAR and the baseline RSNA and MAP in CHF rats than those in Sham rats. The decrease of CSAR caused by IMD was prevented by pretreatment with AM receptor antagonist AM22-52, but not CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8-37. Ang II in the PVN significantly enhanced CSAR and superoxide anions level, which was inhibited by PVN pretreatment with IMD or tempol (a superoxide anions scavenger) in Sham and CHF rats. Conclusion IMD in the PVN inhibits CSAR via AM receptor, and attenuates the effects of Ang II on CSAR and superoxide anions level in CHF rats. PVN superoxide anions involve in the effect of IMD on attenuating Ang II-induced CSAR response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Bing Gan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Physiology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Physiology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Yan Chen
- Department of Haematology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye-Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Dai XY, Cai Y, Sun W, Ding Y, Wang W, Kong W, Tang C, Zhu Y, Xu MJ, Wang X. Intermedin inhibits macrophage foam-cell formation via tristetraprolin-mediated decay of CD36 mRNA. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 101:297-305. [PMID: 24253523 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS CD36-mediated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plays a pivotal role in macrophage foam-cell formation and atherogenesis. Previously we reported on intermedin (IMD), a novel member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family, in atherosclerotic plaque reducing atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Here, we studied the role of IMD in CD36-mediated macrophage foam-cell formation. METHODS AND RESULTS In apoE(-/-) mice, 6-week IMD infusion reduced oxLDL uptake, intracellular cholesterol content, and foam-cell formation in peritoneal macrophages and reduced protein and mRNA levels of CD36. These in vivo results agreed with in vitro observations in primary peritoneal macrophages. Reduced CD36 protein and mRNA levels were due to an IMD-accelerated decay of CD36 mRNA. Tristetraprolin (TTP), which binds to AU-rich elements in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA and promotes its degradation, mediated CD36 mRNA destabilization. TTP knockdown by short-hairpin RNA increased and TTP overexpression reduced CD36 expression, and TTP knockdown rescued IMD-reduced CD36 expression. Moreover, IMD repressed TTP phosphorylation, thereby activating TTP, for increased TTP binding to the 3'-UTR of CD36 mRNA. CONCLUSION Thus, IMD attenuates macrophage foam-cell formation via TTP-mediated degradation of CD36 mRNA. Our findings reveal a new mechanism of the anti-atherogenic role of IMD and a novel pattern for regulation of CD36 expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Dai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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15
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Qin YW, Teng X, He JQ, Du J, Tang CS, Qi YF. Increased plasma levels of intermedin and brain natriuretic peptide associated with severity of coronary stenosis in acute coronary syndrome. Peptides 2013; 42:84-8. [PMID: 23391507 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a newly discovered peptide with increased levels in plasma and cardiac tissue in mice with ischemia/reperfusion. Continuous administration of low dose IMD markedly elevated the mRNA abundance of myocardial BNP in rats. Plasma BNP levels may reflect the severity of degree of coronary stenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the role of circulating IMD in coronary heart disease remains unclear. We aimed to examine the plasma content of IMD and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its clinical significance in patients with ACS. We collected plasma samples from 41 patients with ACS and 31 controls and measured IMD and BNP levels by radioimmunoassay. The severity of coronary artery stenosis for patients with ACS was measured by coronary angiography. Plasma IMD and BNP levels were markedly higher in ACS patients than that in controls (P<0.05). The increased plasma IMD and BNP were positively correlated with degree of coronary stenosis in ACS patients (r=0.263 and r=0.238, respectively, both P<0.05). In addition, plasma levels of IMD were positively correlated with BNP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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