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Yi K, Winayanuwattikun W, Kim S, Wan J, Vachatimanont V, Putri AI, Hidajat IJ, Yogya Y, Pamela R. Skin boosters: Definitions and varied classifications. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13627. [PMID: 38481069 PMCID: PMC10938033 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of "skin boosters" has evolved, marking a shift from traditional uses of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers primarily for augmenting skin volume to a more diverse application aimed at improving dermal conditions. Restylane Vital and other HA fillers have been repurposed to combat skin aging and wrinkles by delivering HA directly to the dermis. OBJECTIVES This review aims to define the term "skin booster" and to discuss the various components that constitute skin boosters. It seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the different ingredients used in skin boosters, their roles, and their impact on enhancing dermal conditions. METHODS A comprehensive review was conducted, focusing on representative skin booster ingredients. The approach involved analyzing the different elements used in skin boosters and their specific roles in enhancing dermal improvement. RESULTS The findings indicate that skin boosters, encompassing a range of ingredients, are effective in improving the condition of the skin's dermis. The review identifies key ingredients in skin boosters and their specific benefits, including hydration, elasticity improvement, and wrinkle reduction. CONCLUSIONS Skin boosters represent a significant development in dermatological treatments, offering diverse benefits beyond traditional HA fillers. This review provides valuable insights into the constituents of skin boosters and their effectiveness, aiding readers in making informed decisions about these treatments. The potential of skin boosters in dermatological practice is considerable, warranting further research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu‐Ho Yi
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental BiologyDepartment of Oral BiologyHuman Identification Research InstituteBK21 FOUR ProjectYonsei University College of DentistrySeoulSouth Korea
- Maylin Clinic (Apgujeong)SeoulSouth Korea
| | | | | | - Jovian Wan
- Asia‐Pacific Aesthetic AcademyHonk KongHong Kong
| | | | | | - Inneke Jane Hidajat
- Department of DermatologyFaculty of MedicineAtma Jaya Catholic University of IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Yuri Yogya
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyUniversitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
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Salgado-Peralvo ÁO, Kewalramani N, Pérez-Jardón A, Pato-Mourelo J, Castro-Calderón A, Arriba-Fuente L, Pérez-Sayáns M. Understanding Solid-Based Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrices in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: An Integrative Review of the Critical Protocol Factors and Their Influence on the Final Product. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1903. [PMID: 38003952 PMCID: PMC10673335 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate whose use in clinical practice has been widely disseminated. This has led to the development of several commercial protocols, creating great confusion as to the terminology and implications of each of them. This integrative review aims to identify the critical factors of each of the phases of the solid-based PRF matrix protocol and their possible influence on their macro- and microscopic characteristics. An electronic search of the MEDLINE database (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and OpenGrey was carried out. The search was temporarily restricted from 2001 to 2022. After searching, 43 studies were included that met the established criteria. There were numerous factors to consider in the PRF protocol, such as the material of the blood collection tubes, the duration of phlebotomy, the parameters related to blood centrifugation, the time from centrifugation to dehydration of the fibrin clots and their dehydration into membranes, as well as the time to clinical use. These factors influenced the macro- and microscopic characteristics of the PRF and its physical properties, so knowledge of these factors allows for the production of optimised PRF by combining the protocols and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel-Orión Salgado-Peralvo
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (L.A.-F.)
| | - Naresh Kewalramani
- Department of Nursery and Stomatology, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alba Pérez-Jardón
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-J.); (J.P.-M.)
| | - Jesús Pato-Mourelo
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-J.); (J.P.-M.)
| | - Adriana Castro-Calderón
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (L.A.-F.)
| | - Lorenzo Arriba-Fuente
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (L.A.-F.)
| | - Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit (MedOralRes), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-J.); (J.P.-M.)
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Constanzo F, Pinto J, Ledermann C, Schmidt T. Leukocyte-Rich and Platelet-Rich Fibrin for Skull Base Reconstruction After Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery. Neurosurgery 2023; 92:787-794. [PMID: 36729780 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is one of the most common complications after endoscopic endonasal approach to the skull base. OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of leukocyte-rich and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) as part of a standardized endonasal skull base repair protocol on postoperative infection and CSF leak rate. METHODS One hundred three patients who underwent an endoscopic endonasal approach and were reconstructed using a standard technique (Group A) were compared with 139 patients using the same protocol with the addition of L-PRF (Group B). Postoperative intracranial infection and CSF leak at 6 months were analyzed. RESULTS In patients with intraoperative CSF leak, postoperative leak occurred in 10.8% in Group A and 2.6% in Group B ( P .024), and in patients with intraoperative high-flow leaks, the incidences were 11.7% and 3.1%, respectively ( P .048). L-PRF reduced postoperative CSF leak by 76% in cases with intraoperative CSF leak (relative risk 0.24, 95% CI 0.06-0.87) and by 73% of patients with high-flow leak (relative risk 0.27, 95% CI 0.07-0.99). In patients undergoing surgery for diagnoses other than adenomas, there were no cases of postoperative leak in Group B, whereas in Group A occurred in 13.4% of those with intraoperative leaks ( P .047) and 15.8% with high-flow intraoperative leaks ( P .033). No significant differences were found in patients with pituitary adenoma. Meningitis occurred in 0.97% in Group A vs 2.16% in Group B ( P .639), without differences between subgroups. CONCLUSION L-PRF reduced the rate of postoperative CSF leaks in patients with intraoperative leaks, without differences on postoperative meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Constanzo
- Department of Skull Base Surgery, Clinica Bio Bio, Concepcion, Chile
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital Clinico Regional de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Jaime Pinto
- Department of Skull Base Surgery, Clinica Bio Bio, Concepcion, Chile
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital Clinico Regional de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | | | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of Skull Base Surgery, Clinica Bio Bio, Concepcion, Chile
- Department of Medical Specialties, Universidad de Concepcion School of Medicine, Concepcion, Chile
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El-Hady AYA, Badr AES. The Efficacy of Advanced Platelet-rich Fibrin in Revascularization of Immature Necrotic Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:725-732. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Caymaz MG, Önöral Ö. Advancements in Platelet-Rich Products: Obtaining Methods and Applications in Dentistry. CYPRUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/cjms.2020.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mitsui R, Matsukawa M, Nakagawa K, Isomura E, Kuwahara T, Nii T, Tanaka S, Tabata Y. Efficient cell transplantation combining injectable hydrogels with control release of growth factors. Regen Ther 2021; 18:372-383. [PMID: 34632010 PMCID: PMC8479297 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gelatin microspheres incorporating growth factors on the therapeutic efficacy in cell transplantation. The strength of this study is to combine gelatin hydrogel microspheres incorporating basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet growth factor mixture (GM/GF) with bioabsorbable injectable hydrogels (iGel) for transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Methods The rats ASCs suspended in various solutions were transplanted in masseter muscle. Rats were euthanized 2, 7, 14 days after injection for measurement of the number of ASCs retention in the muscle and morphological evaluation of muscle fibers and the inflammation of the injected tissue by histologic and immunofluorescent stain. Results Following the injection into the skeletal muscle, the GM/GF allowed the growth factors to release at the injection site over one week. When ASCs were transplanted into skeletal muscle using iGel incorporating GM/GF (iGel+GM/GF), the number of cells grafted was significantly high compared with other control groups. Moreover, for the groups to which GM/GF was added, the cells transplanted survived, and the Myo-D expression of a myoblast marker was observed at the region of cells transplanted. Conclusions The growth factors released for a long time likely enhance the proliferative and differentiative capacity of cells. The simple combination with iGel and GM/GF allowed ASCs to enhance their survival at the injected site and consequently achieve improved therapeutic efficacy in cell transplantation. The rats adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) suspended in various solutions were transplanted in masseter muscle. The number of cells transplanted using this study's technology was significantly high compared with other control groups. For the groups with growth factors, the Myo-D (myoblast marker) expression was observed at the region of cells transplanted.
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Key Words
- ASCs, adipose-derived stem cells
- Adipose-derived stem cells
- DMEM, Dulbecco modified Eagle medium
- Drug delivery system
- ELISA, Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay
- GM, gelatin hydrogel microspheres
- GM/GF, GM containing bFGF and PGFM
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- Injectable hydrogel
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline solution
- PGFM, platelet growth factor mixture
- Stem cell transplantation
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
- iGel+GM/GF, iGel incorporating GM/GF
- iGel, bioabsorbable injectable hydrogels
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mitsui
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsukawa
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Nakagawa
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Emiko Isomura
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshie Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Teruki Nii
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Corresponding author. 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. Fax: +81-75-751-4646.
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Individualized plasticity autograft mimic with efficient bioactivity inducing osteogenesis. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:14. [PMID: 33846295 PMCID: PMC8041815 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralized tissue regeneration is an important and challenging part of the field of tissue engineering and regeneration. At present, autograft harvest procedures may cause secondary trauma to patients, while bone scaffold materials lack osteogenic activity, resulting in a limited application. Loaded with osteogenic induction growth factor can improve the osteoinductive performance of bone graft, but the explosive release of growth factor may also cause side effects. In this study, we innovatively used platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-modified bone scaffolds (Bio-Oss®) to replace autograft, and used cytokine (BMP-2) to enhance osteogenesis. Encouragingly, this mixture, which we named “Autograft Mimic (AGM)”, has multiple functions and advantages. (1) The fiber network provided by PRF binds the entire bone scaffold together, thereby shaping the bone grafts and maintaining the space of the defect area. (2) The sustained release of BMP-2 from bone graft promoted bone regeneration continuously. (3) AGM recruited bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and promote their proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. Thus, AGM developed in this study can improve osteogenesis, and provide new guidance for the development of clinical bone grafts.
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Caruana A, Savina D, Macedo JP, Soares SC. From Platelet-Rich Plasma to Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin: Biological Achievements and Clinical Advances in Modern Surgery. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:280-286. [PMID: 31509878 PMCID: PMC6777161 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, the platelet concentrates have evolved from first-generation products, i.e., platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors to the second-generation products such as leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). These autologous products with a higher leukocyte inclusion and flexible fibrin mesh act as a scaffold to increase cellular migration in the angiogenic, osteogenic, and antimicrobial potential of these biomaterials in tissue regeneration. In the second-generation platelet concentrates, the protocols are easier, cheaper, and faster with an entire physiological fibrin matrix, resulting in a tridimensional mesh, not as rigid as one of the first generations. This allows the slow release of molecules over a longer period of time and triggers the healing and regenerative process at the site of injury. The potential of A-PRF to mimic the physiology and immunology of wound healing is also due to the high concentration of growth factors released as follows: vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, and anti-inflammatory cytokines that stimulate tissue cicatrization, vessels formation, and bone cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, the number of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages is higher releasing important chemotactic molecules such as chemokine ligand-5 and eotaxin. Thus, L-PRF and A-PRF have been used, especially in implantology, periodontology, and maxillofacial surgery. Future clinical applications include tissue regeneration/grafts, ulcers/skin necrosis in the diabetic patient and others, plastic surgery, and even musculoskeletal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caruana
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniele Savina
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Macedo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Clara Soares
- Biomedical Research Center, Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal
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Wang X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Miron RJ. Fluid platelet‐rich fibrin stimulates greater dermal skin fibroblast cell migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis when compared to platelet‐rich plasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:2004-2010. [PMID: 30990574 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Richard J. Miron
- Department of Periodontology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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Lei X, Xu P, Cheng B. Problems and Solutions for Platelet-Rich Plasma in Facial Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:457-469. [PMID: 30327852 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely applied in orthopedics, maxillofacial surgery, burns, and plastic surgery, especially in facial rejuvenation. Research is ongoing into new indications and mechanisms of PRP to promote its wider, safer, and more effective use in the clinic. This article reviews the possible mechanisms of PRP in facial rejuvenation and related research. It is expected that the application of PRP in this field will increase. METHODS The use of PRP in facial rejuvenation was screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relevant articles were searched through Pubmed digest database, SCI full-text database, ScienceDirect full-text database, and the CNKI full-text database. The different effects and limitations of PRP were extracted. RESULTS A total of 108 articles were obtained, including 18 articles researching PRP in cells, 10 articles on animal research using PRP, 16 articles on the clinical study of PRP, 24 articles involving signs of skin aging, and four articles on the limitations of PRP. The remaining articles were related to the preparation of PRP, the introduction of PRP, and other aspects. CONCLUSION Based on in vitro and in vivo research, PRP may play a role in promoting tissue regeneration, oxidative stress and revascularization, which form the theoretical basis for the use of PRP in the clinical treatment of facial rejuvenation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Lei
- The Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- The Graduate School of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Center of Wound Treatment, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
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Abd El Raouf M, Wang X, Miusi S, Chai J, Mohamed AbdEl-Aal AB, Nefissa Helmy MM, Ghanaati S, Choukroun J, Choukroun E, Zhang Y, Miron RJ. Injectable-platelet rich fibrin using the low speed centrifugation concept improves cartilage regeneration when compared to platelet-rich plasma. Platelets 2017; 30:213-221. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1401058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Abd El Raouf
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Xuzhu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Miusi
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Shahram Ghanaati
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph Choukroun
- FORM, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Elisa Choukroun
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Nice, Nice, France
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Yang L, Ma J, Gan S, Chu S, Maldonado M, Zhou J, Ma L, Tang S. Platelet poor plasma gel combined with amnion improves the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord‑derived mesenchymal stem cells on wound healing in rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3494-3502. [PMID: 28714022 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of human umbilical cord‑derived mesenchymal stem cell (HUMSCs) embedded in platelet poor plasma (PPP) gel combined with amnion (PPPA) in improving wound healing on Sprague‑Dawley (SD) rats. HUMSCs were cultured and labeled with chloromethylbenzamido‑1,1'‑dioctadecyl‑3,3,3'3'‑tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (CM‑DiI) on their third passage. The expression levels of growth factors of HUMSCs in PPPA were assessed by ELISA. Full‑thickness excisional skin wounds were induced in 36 male SD rats, which were treated with PPPA grafted with HUMSCs (PPPAC), PPPA, or HUMSC or PBS injection. The degree of healing and the distribution of labeled HUMSCs in the wound were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunofluorescence. On day 14 post‑surgery, wound healing in PPPAC‑treated rats was significantly higher than the PPPA group, compared with rats treated with HUMSCs alone and control rats (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). H&E staining showed that morphology and thickness of the epidermis in the PPPAC group was similar to that of healthy skin. ELISA revealed that levels of growth factors of HUMSCs in PPPAC were higher than in monolayer cells. In conclusion, PPPA can modify growth factor expression levels of HUMSCs and improve the efficiency of HUMSCs in the healing of full thickness wounds in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Saiyang Gan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Shuli Chu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Martin Maldonado
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lian Ma
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Choukroun J, Ghanaati S. Reduction of relative centrifugation force within injectable platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF) concentrates advances patients' own inflammatory cells, platelets and growth factors: the first introduction to the low speed centrifugation concept. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2017; 44:87-95. [PMID: 28283682 PMCID: PMC5808086 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-017-0767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze systematically the influence of the relative centrifugation force (RCF) on leukocytes, platelets and growth factor release within fluid platelet-rich fibrin matrices (PRF). Materials and methods Systematically using peripheral blood from six healthy volunteers, the RCF was reduced four times for each of the three experimental protocols (I–III) within the spectrum (710–44 g), while maintaining a constant centrifugation time. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the platelets and leukocyte number. The growth factor concentration was quantified 1 and 24 h after clotting using ELISA. Results Reducing RCF in accordance with protocol-II (177 g) led to a significantly higher platelets and leukocytes numbers compared to protocol-I (710 g). Protocol-III (44 g) showed a highly significant increase of leukocytes and platelets number in comparison to -I and -II. The growth factors’ concentration of VEGF and TGF-β1 was significantly higher in protocol-II compared to -I, whereas protocol-III exhibited significantly higher growth factor concentration compared to protocols-I and -II. These findings were observed among 1 and 24 h after clotting, as well as the accumulated growth factor concentration over 24 h. Discussion Based on the results, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to enrich PRF-based fluid matrices with leukocytes, platelets and growth factors by means of a single alteration of the centrifugation settings within the clinical routine. Conclusions We postulate that the so-called low speed centrifugation concept (LSCC) selectively enriches leukocytes, platelets and growth factors within fluid PRF-based matrices. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of cell and growth factor enrichment on wound healing and tissue regeneration while comparing blood concentrates gained by high and low RCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Choukroun
- Private Practice, Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France.
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - S Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Platelet Rich Fibrin “PRF” and Regenerative Medicine: ‘The Low-Speed Concept’. STEM CELL BIOLOGY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55645-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Gopal S, Kumar H. Letter to the Editor: Re: Antimicrobial Activity of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Other Plasma Preparations Against Periodontal Pathogens. J Periodontol 2016; 87:211. [PMID: 26918705 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.150521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saumiya Gopal
- Department of Periodontics, Rama Dental College and Research Center, Lakhanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Fernandez-Moure JS, Van Eps JL, Menn ZK, Cabrera FJ, Tasciotti E, Weiner BK, Ellsworth WA. Platelet rich plasma enhances tissue incorporation of biologic mesh. J Surg Res 2015; 199:412-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Platelet-Rich Plasma with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor for Treatment of Wrinkles and Depressed Areas of the Skin. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 136:931-939. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000001705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Sclafani AP, Azzi J. Platelet Preparations for Use in Facial Rejuvenation and Wound Healing: A Critical Review of Current Literature. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2015; 39:495-505. [PMID: 26044392 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-015-0504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In facial plastic surgery, the potential for direct delivery of growth factors from platelet preparations has been of particular interest for use in facial rejuvenation, recovery after facial surgery, and wound healing. A literature search was conducted through PubMed for the terms PRP, PRFM, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin matrix, platelet preparations, platelet therapy, growth factors, platelet facial, platelet facial rejuvenation, platelet wound healing, platelet plastic surgery. Articles pertaining to the use of platelet preparations in facial surgery and wound healing in plastic surgery after 2001 were included. Thirteen in vitro studies showed use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) had a significant effect on cellular activity. Twenty-four out of 28 animal studies exhibited favorable results with use of a platelet preparation, including five of six studies that showed enhanced fat graft survival with addition of a platelet preparation. Twenty-three case series and clinical trials were identified, only two of which showed no differences. Twenty-one reported favorable results with use of various platelet preparations. A total of 47 studies used PRP, four studies evaluated Leukocyte-rich PRP, and fourteen studies used PRFM. The vast majority of studies examined show a significant and measurable effect on cellular changes, wound healing, and facial esthetic outcomes with use of platelet preparations, both topical and injectable. One must also consider possible publication bias against null results that may have had an influence on the data that were available for review. However, the preponderance of studies suggests that platelet preparations might represent an as-of-yet untapped adjunct in facial plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Sclafani
- Department of Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, NY, 10021, USA,
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20
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Wu Y, Kanna MS, Liu C, Zhou Y, Chan CK. Generation of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma by the Ultrasonic Standing Waves. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2015; 63:1642-52. [PMID: 26126268 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2015.2449832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a volume of autologous plasma that has a higher platelet concentration above baseline. It has already been approved as a new therapeutic modality and investigated in clinics, such as bone repair and regeneration, and oral surgery, with low cost-effectiveness ratio. At present, PRP is mostly prepared using a centrifuge. However, this method has several shortcomings, such as long preparation time (30 min), complexity in operation, and contamination of red blood cells (RBCs). In this paper, a new PRP preparation approach was proposed and tested. Ultrasound waves (4.5 MHz) generated from piezoelectric ceramics can establish standing waves inside a syringe filled with the whole blood. Subsequently, RBCs would accumulate at the locations of pressure nodes in response to acoustic radiation force, and the formed clusters would have a high speed of sedimentation. It is found that the PRP prepared by the proposed device can achieve higher platelet concentration and less RBCs contamination than a commercial centrifugal device, but similar growth factor (i.e., PDGF-ββ). In addition, the sedimentation process under centrifugation and sonication was simulated using the Mason-Weaver equation and compared with each other to illustrate the differences between these two technologies and to optimize the design in the future. Altogether, ultrasound method is an effective method of PRP preparation with comparable outcomes as the commercially available centrifugal products.
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21
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Kuffler DP. Platelet-Rich Plasma Promotes Axon Regeneration, Wound Healing, and Pain Reduction: Fact or Fiction. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:990-1014. [PMID: 26048672 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been tested in vitro, in animal models, and clinically for its efficacy in enhancing the rate of wound healing, reducing pain associated with injuries, and promoting axon regeneration. Although extensive data indicate that PRP-released factors induce these effects, the claims are often weakened because many studies were not rigorous or controlled, the data were limited, and other studies yielded contrary results. Critical to assessing whether PRP is effective are the large number of variables in these studies, including the method of PRP preparation, which influences the composition of PRP; type of application; type of wounds; target tissues; and diverse animal models and clinical studies. All these variables raise the question of whether one can anticipate consistent influences and raise the possibility that most of the results are correct under the circumstances where PRP was tested. This review examines evidence on the potential influences of PRP and whether PRP-released factors could induce the reported influences and concludes that the preponderance of evidence suggests that PRP has the capacity to induce all the claimed influences, although this position cannot be definitively argued. Well-defined and rigorously controlled studies of the potential influences of PRP are required in which PRP is isolated and applied using consistent techniques, protocols, and models. Finally, it is concluded that, because of the purported benefits of PRP administration and the lack of adverse events, further animal and clinical studies should be performed to explore the potential influences of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien P Kuffler
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, 201 Blvd. Del Valle, San Juan, 00901, Puerto Rico,
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Ghanaati S, Booms P, Orlowska A, Kubesch A, Lorenz J, Rutkowski J, Landes C, Sader R, Kirkpatrick C, Choukroun J. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin: a new concept for cell-based tissue engineering by means of inflammatory cells. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2015; 40:679-89. [PMID: 24945603 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-14-00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Choukroun's platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is obtained from blood without adding anticoagulants. In this study, protocols for standard platelet-rich fibrin (S-PRF) (2700 rpm, 12 minutes) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) (1500 rpm, 14 minutes) were compared to establish by histological cell detection and histomorphometrical measurement of cell distribution the effects of the centrifugal force (speed and time) on the distribution of cells relevant for wound healing and tissue regeneration. Immunohistochemistry for monocytes, T and B -lymphocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, CD34-positive stem cells, and platelets was performed on clots produced from four different human donors. Platelets were detected throughout the clot in both groups, although in the A-PRF group, more platelets were found in the distal part, away from the buffy coat (BC). T- and B-lymphocytes, stem cells, and monocytes were detected in the surroundings of the BC in both groups. Decreasing the rpm while increasing the centrifugation time in the A-PRF group gave an enhanced presence of neutrophilic granulocytes in the distal part of the clot. In the S-PRF group, neutrophils were found mostly at the red blood cell (RBC)-BC interface. Neutrophilic granulocytes contribute to monocyte differentiation into macrophages. Accordingly, a higher presence of these cells might be able to influence the differentiation of host macrophages and macrophages within the clot after implantation. Thus, A-PRF might influence bone and soft tissue regeneration, especially through the presence of monocytes/macrophages and their growth factors. The relevance and feasibility of this tissue-engineering concept have to be proven through in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ghanaati
- 1 FORM - Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine, Clinic of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Yang LC, Hu SW, Yan M, Yang JJ, Tsou SH, Lin YY. Antimicrobial activity of platelet-rich plasma and other plasma preparations against periodontal pathogens. J Periodontol 2014; 86:310-8. [PMID: 25345340 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to releasing a pool of growth factors during activation, platelets have many features that indicate their role in the anti-infective host defense. The antimicrobial activities of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and related plasma preparations against periodontal disease-associated bacteria were evaluated. METHODS Four distinct plasma fractions were extracted in the formulation used commonly in dentistry and were tested for their antibacterial properties against three periodontal bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The minimum inhibitory concentration of each plasma preparation was determined, and in vitro time-kill assays were used to detect their abilities to inhibit bacterial growth. Bacterial adhesion interference and the susceptibility of bacterial adherence by these plasma preparations were also conducted. RESULTS All plasma preparations can inhibit bacterial growth, with PRP showing the superior activity. Bacterial growth inhibition by PRP occurred in the first 24 hours after application in the time-kill assay. PRP interfered with P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans attachment and enhanced exfoliation of attached P. gingivalis but had no influences on F. nucleatum bacterial adherence. CONCLUSIONS PRP expressed antibacterial properties, which may be attributed to platelets possessing additional antimicrobial molecules. The application of PRP on periodontal surgical sites is advisable because of its regenerative potential and its antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chiu Yang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Textor JA, Murphy KC, Leach JK, Tablin F. Ultrastructure and growth factor content of equine platelet-rich fibrin gels. Am J Vet Res 2014; 75:392-401. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.75.4.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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