1
|
Evaluation of the Mechanism of Modified Lingguizhugan Decoction in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4576679. [PMID: 35116066 PMCID: PMC8807046 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4576679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer, which imposes a great burden to individuals and society. Lingguizhugan decoction is a commonly used dampness dispelling medication in traditional Chinese medicine and is often used to treat those with phlegm and retained fluid from various causes and pathogeneses. The objective of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of modified Lingguizhugan decoction (MLGZG) on lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response to identify a theoretical basis to promote its clinical application in NASH therapy. After treatment with MLGZG for 8 weeks, the weight of high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed NASH rats was significantly higher than that of rats in the normal group, and the weights in each dose group were significantly lower than those in the model group. The treatment groups (low, medium, and high doses) had different degrees of improvement in the changes in hepatocyte tissue structure, steatosis, and inflammatory infiltration. Compared with that in the normal group, the expression of TNF receptor-associated factor-3 (TRAF-3) and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) in the model group significantly increased to varying degrees. Compared with the NASH group, the treatment groups (low, middle, and high doses) showed modified lipid metabolism gene expression and decreased inflammatory factor expression levels. Modified Lingguizhugan decoction can improve the general condition of rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by reducing the expression levels of TRAF3, NF-κB, the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) pathway, and related proteins, as well as the expression levels of lipid metabolism genes and cytokines.
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang W, Xu W, Chen W, Zhou Q. Interplay of Autophagy Inducer Rapamycin and Proteasome Inhibitor MG132 in Reduction of Foam Cell Formation and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1235-1248. [PMID: 30001636 PMCID: PMC6434468 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718786229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MG132 is a pivotal inhibitor of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and rapamycin (RAPA) is an important inducer of autophagy. MG132 and RAPA have been shown to be effective agents that can cure multiple autoimmune diseases by reducing inflammation. Although individual MG132 and RAPA showed protective effects for atherosclerosis (AS), the combined effect of these two drugs and its molecular mechanism are still unclear. In this article we investigate the regulation of oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) stress and foam cell formation in the presence of both proteasome inhibitor MG132 and the autophagy inducer RAPA to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying this process. We established the foam cells model by ox-LDL and an animal model. Then, we tested six experimental groups of MG132, RAPA, and 3MA drugs. As a result, RAPA-induced autophagy reduces accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and apoptosis of foam cells. The combination of MG132 with RAPA not only suppressed expression of the inflammatory cytokines and formation of macrophage foam cells, but also significantly affected the NF-κB signaling pathway and the polarization of RAW 264.7 cells. These data suggest that the combination of proteasome inhibitor and autophagy inducer ameliorates the inflammatory response and reduces the formation of macrophage foam cells during development of AS. Our research provides a new way to suppress vascular inflammation and stabilize plaques of late atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- 1 MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,2 College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Xu
- 1 MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,2 College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- 1 MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,2 College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- 3 Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tefft BJ, Uthamaraj S, Harbuzariu A, Harburn JJ, Witt TA, Newman B, Psaltis PJ, Hlinomaz O, Holmes DR, Gulati R, Simari RD, Dragomir-Daescu D, Sandhu GS. Nanoparticle-Mediated Cell Capture Enables Rapid Endothelialization of a Novel Bare Metal Stent. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1157-1166. [PMID: 29431053 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Incomplete endothelialization of intracoronary stents has been associated with stent thrombosis and recurrent symptoms, whereas prolonged use of dual antiplatelet therapy increases bleeding-related adverse events. Facilitated endothelialization has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in patients who are unable to tolerate dual antiplatelet therapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic cell capture to rapidly endothelialize intracoronary stents in a large animal model. A novel stent was developed from a magnetizable duplex stainless steel (2205 SS). Polylactic-co-glycolic acid and magnetite (Fe3O4) were used to synthesize biodegradable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and these were used to label autologous blood outgrowth endothelial cells. Magnetic 2205 SS and nonmagnetic 316L SS control stents were implanted in the coronary arteries of pigs (n = 11), followed by intracoronary delivery of magnetically labeled cells to 2205 SS stents. In this study, we show extensive endothelialization of magnetic 2205 SS stents (median 98.4% cell coverage) within 3 days, whereas the control 316L SS stents exhibited significantly less coverage (median 48.9% cell coverage, p < 0.0001). This demonstrates the ability of intracoronary delivery of magnetic nanoparticle labeled autologous endothelial cells to improve endothelialization of magnetized coronary stents within 3 days of implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Tefft
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Adriana Harbuzariu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - J Jonathan Harburn
- 3 School of Pharmacy & Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Tyra A Witt
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brant Newman
- 2 Division of Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- 4 Vascular Research Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute , Adelaide, Australia .,5 School of Medicine, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ota Hlinomaz
- 6 Department of Cardioangiology, St. Anne's University Hospital , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David R Holmes
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rajiv Gulati
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert D Simari
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Dan Dragomir-Daescu
- 7 Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gurpreet S Sandhu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cao Y. The Toxicity of Nanoparticles to Human Endothelial Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:59-69. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
5
|
Orynbayeva Z, Sensenig R, Polyak B. Metabolic and structural integrity of magnetic nanoparticle-loaded primary endothelial cells for targeted cell therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 10:1555-68. [PMID: 26008193 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To successfully translate magnetically mediated cell targeting from bench to bedside, there is a need to systematically assess the potential adverse effects of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interacting with 'therapeutic' cells. Here, we examined in detail the effects of internalized polymeric MNPs on primary rat endothelial cells' structural intactness, metabolic integrity and proliferation potential. MATERIALS & METHODS The intactness of cytoskeleton and organelles was studied by fluorescent confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and high-resolution respirometry. RESULTS MNP-loaded primary endothelial cells preserve intact cytoskeleton and organelles, maintain normal rate of proliferation, calcium signaling and mitochondria energy metabolism. CONCLUSION This study provides supportive evidence that MNPs at doses necessary for targeting did not induce significant adverse effects on structural integrity and functionality of primary endothelial cells - potential cell therapy vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiya Orynbayeva
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Richard Sensenig
- 2Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Boris Polyak
- 1Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang B, Perrin L, Kats D, Meade T, Ameer G. Enabling non-invasive assessment of an engineered endothelium on ePTFE vascular grafts without increasing oxidative stress. Biomaterials 2015; 69:110-20. [PMID: 26283158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in combination with contrast enhancement is a potentially powerful tool to non-invasively monitor cell distribution in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The most commonly used contrast agent for cell labeling is super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). However, uptake of SPIONs triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells often leading to a pro-inflammatory phenotype. The objective of this study was to develop a labeling system to non-invasively visualize an engineered endothelium in vascular grafts without creating excessive oxidative stress. Specifically, we investigated: (1) chitosan-coated SPIONs (CSPIONs) as an antioxidant contrast agent for contrast enhancement, and (2) poly(1,8-octamethylene citrate) (POC) as an antioxidant interface to support cell adhesion and function of labeled cells on the vascular graft. While SPION-labeled endothelial cells (ECs) experienced elevated ROS formation and altered cell morphology, CSPION-labeled ECs cultured on POC-coated surfaces mitigated SPION-induced ROS formation and maintained EC morphology, phenotype, viability and functions. A monolayer of labeled ECs exhibited sufficient contrast with T2-weighed MR imaging. CSPION labeling of endothelial cells in combination with coating the graft wall with POC allows non-invasive monitoring of an engineered endothelium on ePTFE grafts without increasing oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Louisiane Perrin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Dina Kats
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences (IBiS) Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Thomas Meade
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA
| | - Guillermo Ameer
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang L, Wang X, Zou J, Liu Y, Wang J. Effects of an 11-nm DMSA-coated iron nanoparticle on the gene expression profile of two human cell lines, THP-1 and HepG2. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:3. [PMID: 25595381 PMCID: PMC4304128 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-014-0063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) have attracted increasing attention over the past two decades owing to their promising application as biomedical agents. However, to ensure safe application, their potential nanotoxicity should be carefully and thoroughly evaluated. Studies on the effects of FeNPs on cells at the transcriptomic level will be helpful for identifying any potential nanotoxicity of FeNPs and providing valuable mechanistic insights into various FeNPs-induced nanotoxicities. Results This study investigated the effects of an 11-nm dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated magnetite nanoparticle on the gene expression profiles of two human cell lines, THP-1 and HepG2. It was found that the expression of hundreds of genes was significantly changed by a 24-h treatment with the nanoparticles at two doses, 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL, in the two cell types. By identifying the differentially expressed genes and annotating their functions, this study characterized the general and cell-specific effects of the nanoparticles on two cell types at the gene, biological process and pathway levels. At these doses, the overall effects of the nanoparticle on the THP-1 cells were the induction of various responses and repression of protein translation, but in the HepG2 cells, the main effects were the promotion of cell metabolism, growth and mobility. In combination with a previous study, this study also characterized the common genes, biological processes and pathways affected by the nanoparticle in two human and mouse cell lines and identified Id3 as a nanotoxicity biomarker of the nanoparticle. Conclusion The studied FeNPs exerted significant effects on the gene expression profiles of human cells. These effects were highly dependent on the innate biological functions of cells, i.e., the cell types. However, cells can also show some cell type-independent effects such as repression of Id3 expression. Id3 can be used as a nanotoxicity biomarker for iron nanoparticles. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-014-0063-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437000, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Jinglu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Yingxun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Jinke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Superparamagnetic iron oxide labeling limits the efficacy of rabbit immature dendritic cell vaccination by decreasing their antigen uptake ability in a lysosome-dependent manner. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 37:289-98. [PMID: 25257596 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) are for cell transplantation; however, no method has yet been developed for in vivo monitoring the transplanted iDCs. We have explored the feasibility of using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) labeling and magnetic resonance imaging for in vivo tracking of transplanted iDCs and determined the effects of SPIO labeling on iDC vaccination. With up to 50 μg Fe/ml, SPIO effectively labeled the iDCs without affecting their growth. At or above 100 μg Fe/ml, SPIO caused considerable damage to iDCs. SPIO labeling resulted in autophagosome formation and decreased the uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), an exogenous antigen, by iDCs. SPIO and ox-LDL both localized to the lysosomes, and this competition for lysosomes could be partially responsible for the decreased ox-LDL phagocytic capacity of iDCs due to SPIO labeling.
Collapse
|
9
|
Peynshaert K, Manshian BB, Joris F, Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Demeester J, Soenen SJ. Exploiting Intrinsic Nanoparticle Toxicity: The Pros and Cons of Nanoparticle-Induced Autophagy in Biomedical Research. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7581-609. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400372p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bella B. Manshian
- Biomedical
MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefaan J. Soenen
- Biomedical
MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Diana V, Bossolasco P, Moscatelli D, Silani V, Cova L. Dose dependent side effect of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle labeling on cell motility in two fetal stem cell populations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78435. [PMID: 24244310 PMCID: PMC3820601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent stem cells (SCs) could substitute damaged cells and also rescue degeneration through the secretion of trophic factors able to activate the endogenous SC compartment. Therefore, fetal SCs, characterized by high proliferation rate and devoid of ethical concern, appear promising candidate, particularly for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Super Paramagnetic Iron Oxide nanoparticles (SPIOn), routinely used for pre-clinical cell imaging and already approved for clinical practice, allow tracking of transplanted SCs and characterization of their fate within the host tissue, when combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In this work we investigated how SPIOn could influence cell migration after internalization in two fetal SC populations: human amniotic fluid and chorial villi SCs were labeled with SPIOn and their motility was evaluated. We found that SPIOn loading significantly reduced SC movements without increasing production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Moreover, motility impairment was directly proportional to the amount of loaded SPIOn while a chemoattractant-induced recovery was obtained by increasing serum levels. Interestingly, the migration rate of SPIOn labeled cells was also significantly influenced by a degenerative surrounding. In conclusion, this work highlights how SPIOn labeling affects SC motility in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, shedding the light on an important parameter for the creation of clinical protocols. Establishment of an optimal SPIOn dose that enables both a good visualization of grafted cells by MRI and the physiological migration rate is a main step in order to maximize the effects of SC therapy in both animal models of neurodegeneration and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Diana
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bossolasco
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Department of Chimica Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica G. Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
- Department of Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lidia Cova
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|