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Wade RM, Gabrielson PW, Hind KR, Shivak J, Hughey JR, Ohtsu S, Baba M, Kogame K, Lindstrom SC, Miller KA, Schipper SR, Martone PT. Resolving some of the earliest names for Corallina species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in the North Pacific by sequencing type specimens and describing the cryptic C. hakodatensis sp. nov. and C. parva sp. nov. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:221-235. [PMID: 36336979 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Partial rbcL sequences from type specimens of three of the earliest described Corallina species showed that C. arbuscula (type locality: Unalaska Island, Alaska, USA) and C. pilulifera (type locality: Okhotsk Sea, Russia) are synonymous, with C. pilulifera as the taxonomically accepted name and that C. vancouveriensis (type locality: Botanical Beach, Vancouver Island, Canada) is a distinct species. To identify molecular species limits and clarify descriptions and distributions of C. pilulifera and C. vancouveriensis, we sequenced and analyzed portions of one mitochondrial and two plastid genes from historical and recent collections. The single-gene phylogenetic reconstructions support the recognition of both species as distinct, as well as two additional species, C. hakodatensis sp. nov. and C. parva sp. nov., which are sister to, and often morphologically indistinguishable from C. pilulifera and C. vancouveriensis, respectively. DNA sequence data currently illustrate that C. pilulifera is found in the cold northern Pacific waters from the Okhotsk Sea of Russia to Hokkaido, Japan, eastward across the Aleutian Islands to Knoll Head, Alaska, and as far south as Nanaimo, British Columbia. Corallina vancouveriensis is distributed as far west as Attu Island in the Aleutian Islands to Sitka, Alaska, and southeasterly at numerous sites from British Columbia to the north of Point Conception, California, USA. The cryptic species C. hakodatensis and C. parva occur sympatrically with their sister species but with narrower ranges. The complex phylogenetic relationships shown by the single gene trees recommend Corallina as a model genus to explore coralline algal biogeography, evolution, and patterns of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Wade
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Katharine R Hind
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Jade Shivak
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, 411 Central Ave., Salinas, California, 93901, USA
| | - Sou Ohtsu
- Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masasuke Baba
- Central Laboratory, Marine Ecology Institute, 300 Iwawada, Onjuku-machi, Isumi-gun, Chiba, 299-5105, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kogame
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Sandra C Lindstrom
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- University Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building #2465, Berkeley, California, 94720-2465, USA
| | - Soren R Schipper
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 3156-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Transcriptome of the coralline alga Calliarthron tuberculosum (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) reveals convergent evolution of a partial lignin biosynthesis pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266892. [PMID: 35834440 PMCID: PMC9282553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of lignins in the coralline red alga Calliarthron tuberculosum raised new questions about the deep evolution of lignin biosynthesis. Here we present the transcriptome of C. tuberculosum supported with newly generated genomic data to identify gene candidates from the monolignol biosynthetic pathway using a combination of sequence similarity-based methods. We identified candidates in the monolignol biosynthesis pathway for the genes 4CL, CCR, CAD, CCoAOMT, and CSE but did not identify candidates for PAL, CYP450 (F5H, C3H, C4H), HCT, and COMT. In gene tree analysis, we present evidence that these gene candidates evolved independently from their land plant counterparts, suggesting convergent evolution of a complex multistep lignin biosynthetic pathway in this red algal lineage. Additionally, we provide tools to extract metabolic pathways and genes from the newly generated transcriptomic and genomic datasets. Using these methods, we extracted genes related to sucrose metabolism and calcification. Ultimately, this transcriptome will provide a foundation for further genetic and experimental studies of calcifying red algae.
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Jeong SY, Diaz-Pulido G, Maneveldt GW, Gabrielson PW, Nelson WA, Won BY, Cho TO. Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. (Hapalidiales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) based on molecular and morpho-anatomical evidence. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2022; 58:161-178. [PMID: 34862980 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A multigene (psbA, rbcL, 18S rDNA) molecular phylogeny of the genus Phymatolithon showed a polyphyletic grouping of two monophyletic clades within the Hapalidiales. DNA sequence data integrated with morpho-anatomical comparisons of type material and of recently collected specimens were used to establish Phymatolithopsis gen. nov. with three species, P. prolixa comb. nov., the generitype, P. repanda comb. nov. and P. donghaensis sp. nov. Phymatolithopsis is sister to Mesophyllum and occurs in a clade distinct from Phymatolithon and boreal species currently assigned to Lithothamnion. Morpho-anatomically, Phymatolithopsis is comprised of species that are non-geniculate and encrusting, bear epithallial cells with rounded walls (not flared), subepithallial initials that are usually as short as or shorter than their immediate inward derivatives, conceptacle primordia from all stages forming superficially directly from subepithallial initials, mature carposporangial conceptacles with a discontinuous fusion cell, gonimoblast filaments that develop at the margins of the fusion cell around the periphery of the carposporangial conceptacle chambers, and multiporate tetra/bisporangial conceptacles. Phymatolithopsis can be distinguished from Phymatolithon by the origin of its conceptacle primordia, which are initiated superficially, directly from the layer of subepithallial initials below the epithallial cells and the distribution of gonimoblast filaments in carposporangial conceptacles, that are at the margins of the fusion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Jeong
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries, School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Pulido
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries, School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Gavin W Maneveldt
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, Coker Hall CB 3280, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Wendy A Nelson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14-901, Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92-019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Boo Yeon Won
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Korea
| | - Tae Oh Cho
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Korea
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Jeong SY, Nelson WA, Sutherland JE, Peña V, Le Gall L, Diaz-Pulido G, Won BY, Cho TO. Corallinapetrales and Corallinapetraceae: A new order and family of coralline red algae including Corallinapetra gabrielii comb. nov. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:849-862. [PMID: 33305368 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The coralline algal genus Corallinapetra is currently monospecific and was established on the species Corallinapetra novaezelandiae, known from a single collection from north-eastern New Zealand. On the basis of multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, Corallinapetra has been resolved apart from all currently recognized families and orders within the Corallinophycidae. We analyzed DNA sequence data from the holotype of Lithothamnion gabrielii, which has been considered a heterotypic synonym of L. muelleri, and an unidentified sample collected from Stewart Island in New Zealand, using psbA, rbcL, and COI-5P genes. We also observed detailed morpho-anatomical characters with light and scanning electron microscopy. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that L. gabrielii and the sample from New Zealand belonged to the same clade as Corallinapetra, distinct from other families and orders in the Corallinophycidae. Members of this clade are distinguishable from other families and orders in the Corallinophycidae by possessing sporangia that are surrounded by remnant sterile filaments that are weakly calcified in mature multiporate sporangial conceptacles that produce zonately divided tetrasporangia. Therefore, we propose that Corallinapetra be placed in its own family, Corallinapetraceae and order, Corallinapetrales, and that L. gabrielii should be assigned to Corallinapetra, as C. gabrielii, to reflect their phylogenetic relationships. We also obtained a partial rbcL sequence data from the lectotype of L. muelleri, the generitype of Lithothamnion. Comparison of the L. muelleri type sequence with L. gabrielii unambiguously demonstrated that these two species are not conspecific, and confirm the placement of L. muelleri within the Hapalidiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Jeong
- Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries and School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Korea
| | - Wendy A Nelson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14-901, Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92-019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Judith E Sutherland
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14-901, Wellington, 6241, New Zealand
| | - Viviana Peña
- BIOCOST Research Group, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias and Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A, Coruña, Spain
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Pulido
- School of Environment and Science and Australian Rivers Institute-Coast & Estuaries, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Boo Yeon Won
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Korea
| | - Tae Oh Cho
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Korea
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Puckree-Padua CA, Gabrielson PW, Hughey JR, Maneveldt GW. DNA Sequencing of Type Material Reveals Pneophyllum marlothii comb. nov. from South Africa and P. discoideum comb. nov. (Chamberlainoideae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from Argentina. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1625-1641. [PMID: 32638378 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A partial rbcL sequence from the type material of Spongites discoideus from southern Argentina showed that it was distinct from rbcL sequences of South African specimens to which that name had been applied based on morpho-anatomy. A partial rbcL sequence from an original syntype specimen, herein designated the lectotype, of Lithophyllum marlothii, type locality Camps Bay, Western Cape Province, South Africa, was identical to rbcL sequences of South African field-collected specimens assigned to S. discoideus. Based on phylogenetic analyses of rbcL and/or psbA sequences, both of these species belong in Pneophyllum and are transferred there as P. discoideum comb. nov. and P. marlothii comb. nov. The two species exhibit a distinct type of development where thick, secondary, monomerous disks are produced from thin, primary, dimerous crusts. Whether this type of development represents an example of convergent evolution or is characteristic of a clade of species within Pneophyllum remains to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Puckree-Padua
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, Coker Hall CB 3280, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, California, 93901, USA
| | - Gavin W Maneveldt
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
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Costa IO, Jesus PBD, de Jesus TDS, Souza PDS, Horta PA, Nunes JMDC. Reef-building coralline algae from the Southwest Atlantic: filling gaps with the recognition of Harveylithon (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) on the Brazilian coast. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:1370-1385. [PMID: 31494932 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Southwest Atlantic is notable for having extensive reef areas cemented by nongeniculate coralline red algae. Based on an analysis of four genetic markers and morpho-anatomical features, we clarify the species of Harveylithon in the tropical and warm temperate Southwest Atlantic. Species delimitation methods (mBGD, ABGD, SPN, and PTP), using three markers (psbA, rbcL, and COI), support the recognition of three new species: H. catarinense sp. nov., H. maris-bahiensis sp. nov., and H. riosmenum sp. nov., previously incorrectly called Hydrolithon samoënse. Our findings highlight the importance of using an approach with several lines of evidence to solve the taxonomic status of the cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Oliveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, s/ n, Feira de Santana, BA, 44031-460, Brazil
| | - Priscila Barreto de Jesus
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Tiana da Silva de Jesus
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Poline Dos Santos Souza
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
| | - Paulo Antunes Horta
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Caixa Postal 476, Florianópolis, SC, 88010-970, Brazil
| | - José Marcos de Castro Nunes
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Salvador, BA, 40.170-115, Brazil
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Peña V, Le Gall L, Rösler A, Payri CE, Braga JC. Adeylithon bosencei gen. et sp. nov. (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): a new reef-building genus with anatomical affinities with the fossil Aethesolithon. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2019; 55:134-145. [PMID: 30317649 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Adeylithon gen. nov. with one species, A. bosencei sp. nov., belonging to the subfamily Hydrolithoideae is described from Pacific coral reefs based on psbA sequences and morpho-anatomy. In contrast with Hydrolithon, A. bosencei showed layers of large polygonal "cells," which resulted from extensive lateral fusions of perithallial cells, interspersed among layers of vegetative cells. This anatomical feature is shared with the fossil Aethesolithon, but lacking DNA sequences from the fossils and the fragmentary nature of Aethesolithon type material, we cannot ascertain if Adeylithon and Aethesolithon are congeneric. Morpho-anatomical features of A. bosencei were generally congruent with diagnostic features of the subfamily Hydrolithoideae: (i) outline of cell filaments entirely lost in large portions due to pervasive and extensive cell fusions, (ii) trichocytes not arranged in tightly packed horizontal fields, (iii) basal layer without palisade cells, and (iv) cells lining the canal pore oriented more or less perpendicular to roof surface and not protruding into the canal. However, it showed a predominant monomerous thallus organization and trichocytes were disposed in large pustulate, horizontal fields, although they were not tightly packed and did not become distinctly buried in the thallus. Only mature tetrasporangial conceptacles were observed, therefore the type of conceptacle roof formation remained undetermined. Adeylithon bosencei occurs on shallow coral reefs, in Australia, Papua New Guinea, and South Pacific islands (Fiji, Vanuatu). Fossil Aethesolithon is considered an important component of shallow coral reefs since the Miocene; fossil records showed a broad Indo-Pacific distribution, but a long-term process of range contraction in the last 2.6 million years, resulting in an overlap with the distribution of the extant Adeylithon. While the congeneric nature of extant and fossil taxa remained uncertain, similarities in morpho-anatomy, habitat, and distribution may indicate that both taxa likely shared a common ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Peña
- BIOCOST Research Group & CICA, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Line Le Gall
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Anja Rösler
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, 18002, Granada, Spain
| | - Claude E Payri
- UMR ENTROPIE (IRD, Université de La Réunion, CNRS), IRD, BPA5, 98848, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Juan Carlos Braga
- Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, 18002, Granada, Spain
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Hind KR, Gabrielson PW, Jensen C, Martone PT. Evolutionary reversals in Bossiella (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): first report of a coralline genus with both geniculate and nongeniculate species. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2018; 54:788-798. [PMID: 30246453 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This is the first report of a coralline genus with both geniculate (upright fronds with non-calcified joints) and nongeniculate species that has been verified by DNA sequence data. Two nongeniculate (crustose) species of Bossiella are recognized, B. mayae sp. nov. and B. exarticulata sp. nov. DNA sequencing of the lectotype specimen of Pseudolithophyllum whidbeyense revealed that this name had been misapplied and instead belongs to an undescribed coralline species in the Hapalidiales. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated DNA sequences (psbA, rbcL, COI-5P) indicate that B. mayae and B. exarticulata represent phenotypic reversals from the geniculate character state back to the nongeniculate character state. Secondary loss of genicula has occurred three times in the subfamily Corallinoideae, once to generate the entirely nongeniculate genus Crusticorallina and twice in the now morphologically heterotypic Bossiella. Since phenotypic reversals have occurred several times during the evolution of coralline algae, we speculate about the putative mechanism and adaptive significance of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hind
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Hakai Institute, Pruth Harbour, Calvert Island, British Columbia, V0P 1H0, Canada
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Cassandra Jensen
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
- Hakai Institute, Pruth Harbour, Calvert Island, British Columbia, V0P 1H0, Canada
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Richards JL, Sauvage T, Schmidt WE, Fredericq S, Hughey JR, Gabrielson PW. The coralline genera Sporolithon and Heydrichia (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta) clarified by sequencing type material of their generitypes and other species. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:1044-1059. [PMID: 28681431 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific systematics in the red algal order Sporolithales remains problematic. To re-evaluate its species, DNA analyses were performed on historical type material and recently collected specimens assigned to the two genera Sporolithon and Heydrichia. Partial rbcL sequences from the lectotype specimens of Sporolithon ptychoides (the generitype species) and Sporolithon molle, both from El Tor, Egypt, are exact matches to field-collected topotype specimens. Sporolithon crassum and Sporolithon erythraeum also have the same type locality; material of the former appears to no longer exist, and we were unable to PCR amplify DNA from the latter. A new species, Sporolithon eltorensis, is described from the same type locality. We have not found any morpho-anatomical characters that distinguish these three species. No sequenced specimens reported as S. ptychoides from other parts of the world represent this species, and likely reports of S. ptychoides and S. molle based on morpho-anatomy are incorrect. A partial rbcL sequence from the holotype of Sporolithon dimotum indicates it is not a synonym of S. ptychoides, and data from the holotype of S. episporum confirm its specific recognition. DNA sequences from topotype material of Heydrichia woelkerlingii, the generitype species, and isotype material of Heydrichia cerasina confirm that these are distinct species; the taxon reported to be H. woelkerlingii from New Zealand is likely an undescribed species. Type specimens of all other Sporolithon and Heydrichia species need to be sequenced to confirm that they are distinct species; morpho-anatomical studies have proved inadequate for this task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Richards
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
| | - Thomas Sauvage
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
- Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34949-3140, USA
| | - William E Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
| | - Suzanne Fredericq
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA
| | - Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, California, 93901, USA
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
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Sproul JS, Maddison DR. Sequencing historical specimens: successful preparation of small specimens with low amounts of degraded
DNA. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 17:1183-1201. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John S. Sproul
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
| | - David R. Maddison
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
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11
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Hughey JR, Hommersand MH, Gabrielson PW, Miller KA, Fuller T. Analysis of the complete plastomes of three species of Membranoptera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from Pacific North America. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:32-43. [PMID: 27690326 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Next generation sequence data were generated and used to assemble the complete plastomes of the holotype of Membranoptera weeksiae, the neotype (designated here) of M. tenuis, and a specimen examined by Kylin in making the new combination M. platyphylla. The three plastomes were similar in gene content and length and showed high gene synteny to Calliarthron, Grateloupia, Sporolithon, and Vertebrata. Sequence variation in the plastome coding regions were 0.89% between M. weeksiae and M. tenuis, 5.14% between M. weeksiae and M. platyphylla, and 5.18% between M. tenuis and M. platyphylla. We were unable to decipher the complete mitogenomes of the three species due to low coverage and structural problems; however, we assembled and analyzed, the cytochrome oxidase I, II, and III loci and found that M. weeksiae and M. tenuis differed in sequence by 1.3%, M. weeksiae and M. platyphylla by 8.4%, and M. tenuis and M. platyphylla by 8.1%. Evaluation of standard marker genes indicated that sequences from the rbcL, RuBisCO spacer, and CO1 genes closely approximated the pair-wise genetic distances observed between the plastomes of the three species of Membranoptera. A phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequences showed that M. tenuis and M. weeksiae were sister taxa. Short rbcL sequences were obtained from type specimens of M. dimorpha, M. multiramosa, and M. edentata and confirmed their conspecificity with M. platyphylla. The data support the recognition of three species of Membranoptera occurring south of Alaska: M. platyphylla, M. tenuis, and M. weeksiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery R Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, 411 Central Ave., Salinas, California, 93901, USA
| | - Max H Hommersand
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3280, Coker Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Herbarium and Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3280, Coker Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building 2465, Berkeley, California, 94720-2465, USA
| | - Timothy Fuller
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, 411 Central Ave., Salinas, California, 93901, USA
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Pezzolesi L, Falace A, Kaleb S, Hernandez-Kantun JJ, Cerrano C, Rindi F. Genetic and morphological variation in an ecosystem engineer, Lithophyllum byssoides (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:146-160. [PMID: 27809349 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lithophyllum byssoides is a common coralline alga in the intertidal zone of Mediterranean coasts, where it produces biogenic concretions housing a high algal and invertebrate biodiversity. This species is an ecosystem engineer and is considered a target for conservation efforts, but designing effective conservation strategies currently is impossible due to lack of information about its population structure. The morphological and molecular variation of L. byssoides was investigated using morphoanatomy and DNA sequences (psbA and cox2,3) obtained from populations at 15 localities on the Italian and Croatian coasts. Lithophyllum byssoides exhibited a high number of haplotypes (31 psbA haplotypes and 24 cox2,3 haplotypes) in the central Mediterranean. The psbA and cox2,3 phylogenies were congruent and showed seven lineages. For most of these clades, the distribution was limited to one or a few localities, but one of them (clade 7) was widespread across the central Mediterranean, spanning the main biogeographic boundaries recognized in this area. The central Mediterranean populations formed a lineage separate from Atlantic samples; psbA pair-wise divergences suggested that recognition of Atlantic and Mediterranean L. byssoides as different species may be appropriate. The central Mediterranean haplotype patterns of L. byssoides were interpreted as resulting from past climatic events in the hydrogeological history of the Mediterranean Sea. The high haplotype diversity and the restricted spatial distribution of the seven lineages suggest that individual populations should be managed as independent units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pezzolesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, I-48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Kaleb
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jazmin J Hernandez-Kantun
- Botany Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 166 PO Box 37012, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131, Ancona, Italy
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Hind KR, Gabrielson PW, P Jensen C, Martone PT. Crusticorallina gen. nov., a nongeniculate genus in the subfamily Corallinoideae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:929-941. [PMID: 27434825 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA (SSU) gene sequences confirm the placement of Crusticorallina gen. nov. in Corallinoideae, the first nongeniculate genus in an otherwise geniculate subfamily. Crusticorallina is distinguished from all other coralline genera by the following suite of morpho-anatomical characters: (i) sunken, uniporate gametangial and bi/tetrasporangial conceptacles, (ii) cells linked by cell fusions, not secondary pit connections, (iii) an epithallus of 1 or 2 cell layers, (iv) a hypothallus that occupies 50% or more of the total thallus thickness, (v) elongate meristematic cells, and (vi) trichocytes absent. Four species are recognized based on rbcL, psbA and COI-5P sequences, C. painei sp. nov., the generitype, C. adhaerens sp. nov., C. nootkana sp. nov. and C. muricata comb. nov., previously known as Pseudolithophyllum muricatum. Type material of Lithophyllum muricatum, basionym of C. muricata, in TRH comprises at least two taxa, and therefore we accept the previously designated lectotype specimen in UC that we sequenced to confirm its identity. Crusticorallina species are very difficult to distinguish using morpho-anatomical and/or habitat characters, although at specific sites, some species may be distinguished by a combination of morpho-anatomy, habitat and biogeography. The Northeast Pacific now boasts six coralline endemic genera, far more than any other region of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Hind
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Paul W Gabrielson
- Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599-3280, USA
| | - Cassandra P Jensen
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Patrick T Martone
- Department of Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
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