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Kim B, Jhang SY, Koh B, Kim S, Chi WJ, Park JM, Lim CE, Hong Y, Kim H, Yu J, Cho S. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Korean holoparasitic plants, Orobanche coerulescens. Sci Data 2024; 11:714. [PMID: 38956398 PMCID: PMC11219998 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Orobanche coerulescens is a parasitic plant that cannot complete its life cycle without a host and is incapable of photosynthesis. The habitats of O. coerulescens span the coasts of Korea and its volcanic islands, Ulleungdo and Dokdo. Those on the volcanic islands exhibit morphological differences and have distinct hosts compared to those on the peninsula. The family of Orobanchaceae, encompassing both autotrophic and parasitic species, serves as a model for evolutionary studies of parasitic states. However, there are limited genome assemblies for the Orobanche genus. In our study, we produced approximately 100x ONT long reads to construct a chromosome-level genome of O. coerulescens. The resulting assembly has a total size of 3,648 Mb with an N50 value of 195 Mb, and 82.0% of BUSCO genes were identified as complete. Results of the repeat annotation revealed that 86.3% of the genome consisted of repeat elements, and 29,395 protein-coding genes were annotated. This chromosome-level genome will be an important biological resource for conserving biodiversity and further understanding parasitic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongsang Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- eGnome, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Yun Jhang
- eGnome, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomin Koh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- eGnome, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonok Kim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jae Chi
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Mi Park
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Lim
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjee Hong
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heebal Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- eGnome, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seoae Cho
- eGnome, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Boyko JD, Hagen ER, Beaulieu JM, Vasconcelos T. The evolutionary responses of life-history strategies to climatic variability in flowering plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1587-1600. [PMID: 37194450 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of annual or perennial strategies in flowering plants likely depends on a broad array of temperature and precipitation variables. Previous documented climate life-history correlations in explicit phylogenetic frameworks have been limited to certain clades and geographic regions. To gain insights which generalize to multiple lineages we employ a multi-clade approach analyzing 32 groups of angiosperms across eight climatic variables. We utilize a recently developed method that accounts for the joint evolution of continuous and discrete traits to evaluate two hypotheses: annuals tend to evolve in highly seasonal regions prone to extreme heat and drought; and annuals tend to have faster rates of climatic niche evolution than perennials. We find that temperature, particularly highest temperature of the warmest month, is the most consistent climatic factor influencing the evolution of annual strategy in flowering plants. Unexpectedly, we do not find significant differences in rates of climatic niche evolution between perennial and annual lineages. We propose that annuals are consistently favored in areas prone to extreme heat due to their ability to escape heat stress as seeds, but they tend to be outcompeted by perennials in regions where extreme heat is uncommon or nonexistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Boyko
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Michigan Institute of Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eric R Hagen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Jeremy M Beaulieu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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3
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Rosas MR, Segovia RA, Guerrero PC. Climatic Niche Dynamics of the Astereae Lineage and Haplopappus Species Distribution following Amphitropical Long-Distance Dispersal. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2721. [PMID: 37514335 PMCID: PMC10383874 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The tribe Astereae (Asteraceae) displays an American Amphitropical Disjunction. To understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics associated with a long-distance dispersal event and subsequent colonization of extratropical South America, we compared the climatic and geographic distributions of South American species with their closest North American relatives, focusing on the diverse South American Astereae genus, Haplopappus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two South American genera are closely related to seven North American genera. The climatic niche overlap (D = 0.5) between South and North America exhibits high stability (0.89), low expansion (0.12), and very low unfilling (0.04). The distribution of the North American species predicted the climatic and geographic space occupied by the South American species. In central Chile, Haplopappus showed a non-random latitudinal gradient in species richness, with Mediterranean climate variables mainly explaining the variation. Altitudinal patterns indicated peak richness at 600 m, declining at lower and higher elevations. These findings support climatic niche conservatism in shaping Haplopappus species distribution and diversity. Two major endemism zones were identified in central Chile and the southern region, with a transitional zone between Mediterranean and Temperate macro-bioclimates. Our results indicate strong niche conservatism following long-distance dispersal and slight niche expansion due to unique climatic variables in each hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo R Rosas
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales & Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB-Chile.cl), Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
| | - Ricardo A Segovia
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales & Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB-Chile.cl), Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
| | - Pablo C Guerrero
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales & Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB-Chile.cl), Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Concepcion 4030000, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago 7800003, Chile
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Piwowarczyk R, Kolanowska M. Effect of global warming on the potential distribution of a holoparasitic plant (Phelypaea tournefortii): both climate and host distribution matter. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10741. [PMID: 37400559 PMCID: PMC10318063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phelypaea tournefortii (Orobanchaceae) primarily occurs in the Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and N Iran) and Turkey. This perennial, holoparasitic herb is achlorophyllous and possesses one of the most intense red flowers among all plants worldwide. It occurs as a parasite on the roots of several Tanacetum (Asteraceae) species and prefers steppe and semi-arid habitats. Climate change may affect holoparasites both directly through effects on their physiology and indirectly as a consequence of its effects on their host plants and habitats. In this study, we used the ecological niche modeling approach to estimate the possible effects of climate change on P. tournefortii and to evaluate the effect of its parasitic relationships with two preferred host species on the chances of survival of this species under global warming. We used four climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) and three different simulations (CNRM, GISS-E2, INM). We modeled the species' current and future distribution using the maximum entropy method implemented in MaxEnt using seven bioclimatic variables and species occurrence records (Phelypaea tournefortii - 63 records, Tanacetum argyrophyllum - 40, Tanacetum chiliophyllum - 21). According to our analyses, P. tournefortii will likely contract its geographical range remarkably. In response to global warming, the coverage of the species' suitable niches will decrease by at least 34%, especially in central and southern Armenia, Nakhchivan in Azerbaijan, northern Iran, and NE Turkey. In the worst-case scenario, the species will go completely extinct. Additionally, the studied plant's hosts will lose at least 36% of currently suitable niches boosting the range contraction of P. tournefortii. The GISS-E2 scenario will be least damaging, while the CNRM will be most damaging to climate change for studied species. Our study shows the importance of including ecological data in niche models to obtain more reliable predictions of the future distribution of parasitic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7 Street, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marta Kolanowska
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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Ruraż K, Piwowarczyk R. Morphological diversity of pistil stigmas and its taxonomic significance of representatives of holoparasitic Orobanchaceae from Central Europe. PHYTOKEYS 2022; 215:1-25. [PMID: 36761091 PMCID: PMC9836523 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.215.96263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The stigma is the terminal part of the carpel which receives pollen during the pollination process. Although the role of the stigmas in pollination is the same for all angiosperms, stigmas structures are very diverse. This study aimed to evaluate intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric stigmas variability and then find differences of the stigma morphology amongst 24 holoparasitic Orobanche and Phelipanche species and provide new insights into its potential taxonomic value. This paper was also focused on selecting the best diagnostic features that would be used for future stigma analysis in other species of Orobanchaceae. These analyses were conducted with fresh, dry and fixed material using stereomicroscopy from different locations from Central Europe. Twenty-one quantitative or qualitative morphological features were analysed. This study highlights the variation of stigma morphology and characters which are useful to improve the taxonomic understanding of problematic taxa. Thus, two main types of stigmas were established, based on tested features: 1-oval, rarely hemispherical in shape, most often one-coloured with lobes separated in Phelipanche stigmas; 2-spherical to hemispherical, rarely oval, multi-coloured with partially fused or separated lobes in Orobanche stigmas. The best diagnostic features of the stigmas for distinguishing the Orobanchaceae are the type and subtype of stigma, the length and area of the stigma, the width of single lobes, the width in the middle part of the stigma, the length of upper and lower separation in the middle part between lobes and the angle between lobes in the upper and lower part. The morphological features of the stigmas are important criteria for distinguishing genera, sections and subsections, as well as related species. In this study, we present the first stigma morphological studies for the most numerous genera from the tribe Orobancheae and this paper may determine features possible to use in solving certain taxonomic problems and evolutionary relationships of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406, Kielce, PolandJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406, Kielce, PolandJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
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Piwowarczyk R, Schneider AC, Góralski G, Kwolek D, Denysenko-Bennett M, Burda A, Ruraż K, Joachimiak AJ, Pedraja ÓS. Phylogeny and historical biogeography analysis support Caucasian and Mediterranean centres of origin of key holoparasitic Orobancheae (Orobanchaceae) lineages. PHYTOKEYS 2021; 174:165-194. [PMID: 33776529 PMCID: PMC7979677 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.174.62524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The extensive diversity of the tribe Orobancheae, the most species-rich lineage of holoparasitic Orobanchaceae, is concentrated in the Caucasus and Mediterranean regions of the Old World. This extant diversity has inspired hypotheses that these regions are also centres of origin of its key lineages, however the ability to test hypotheses has been limited by a lack of sampling and phylogenetic information about the species, especially in the Caucasus region. First, we assessed the phylogenetic relationships of several poorly known, problematic, or newly described species and host-races of four genera of Orobancheae occurring in the Caucasus region-Cistanche, Phelypaea, Phelipanche and Orobanche-using nuclear ribosomal (ITS) and plastid (trnL-trnF) sequence data. Then we applied a probablistic dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis model of historical biogeography across a more inclusive clade of holoparasites, to explicitly test hypotheses of Orobancheae diversification and historical biogeography shifts. In sum, we sampled 548 sequences (including 196 newly generated) from 13 genera, 140 species, and 175 taxa across 44 countries. We find that the Western Asia (particularly the Caucasus) and the Mediterranean are the centre of origin for large clades of holoparasitic Orobancheae within the last 6 million years. In the Caucasus, the centres of diversity are composed both of long-branch taxa and shallow, recently diversified clades, while Orobancheae diversity in the Mediterranean appears to represent mainly recent diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Piwowarczyk
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406 Kielce, PolandJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Adam C. Schneider
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406 Kielce, PolandJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Grzegorz Góralski
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Kraków, PolandJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Dagmara Kwolek
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Kraków, PolandJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Magdalena Denysenko-Bennett
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Kraków, PolandJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Anna Burda
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Kraków, PolandJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Karolina Ruraż
- Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406 Kielce, PolandJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Andrzej J. Joachimiak
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, PL-30-387 Kraków, PolandJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Óscar Sánchez Pedraja
- Grupo Botánico Cantábrico, ES-39722 Liérganes (Cantabria), SpainGrupo Botánico CantábricoLiérganesSpain
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Ruraż K, Piwowarczyk R, Gajdoš P, Krasylenko Y, Čertík M. Fatty acid composition in seeds of holoparasitic Orobanchaceae from the Caucasus region: Relation to species, climatic conditions and nutritional value. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 179:112510. [PMID: 33002658 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The specialization of parasitic plants from the Orobanchaceae family to the heterotrophic lifestyle caused several morphological, physiological and molecular changes. One of the adaptations to the parasitic lifestyle is the production of a large number of the smallest seeds in world flora, also called "dust-seeds". Seeds of 34 holoparasitic species from the Cistanche, Orobanche, Phelipanche, and Phelypaea genera were collected in the Caucasus region (54 samples) and their fatty acid content and compositions analysed. Of these seeds, 28 were investigated for the first time, and 12 are endemic to the Caucasus (one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in the world). The influence of different hosts, populations, habitats, and climatic conditions on the fatty acid content and composition, as well as some connections of taxonomic classification are discussed. The fatty acid content in the species varied between 0.9 and 42.5%, and showed quantitative differences at generic and infrageneric levels, while displaying uniform fatty acid composition. Thirteen fatty acids were identified, of which nine were undescribed for Orobanchaceae. The fatty acid composition of the Orobanchaceae seeds represented a mixture of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (average 7.8%) and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (average 92.2%). The fatty acid content in the Orobanchaceae seeds was directly unrelated to taxonomy, while the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio supported the clear separation of the Orobanche and Phelipanche genera. Orobanchaceae seeds contained mainly linoleic and oleic acids, thus they could be a potential nutritional source of the unsaturated fatty acids. Additionally, the studies confirmed the hypothesis that the degree of seed oil fatty acid unsaturation increased in colder climatic conditions, especially for the Orobanche genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Ruraż
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, PL-25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Peter Gajdoš
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yuliya Krasylenko
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-83 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Čertík
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Schneider AC, Chun H, Stefanović S, Baldwin BG. Punctuated plastome reduction and host-parasite horizontal gene transfer in the holoparasitic plant genus Aphyllon. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2018.1535. [PMID: 30232155 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Foundational studies of chloroplast genome (plastome) evolution in parasitic plants have focused on broad trends across large clades, particularly among the Orobanchaceae, a species-rich and ecologically diverse family of root parasites. However, the extent to which such patterns and processes of plastome evolution, such as stepwise gene loss following the complete loss of photosynthesis (shift to holoparasitism), are detectable at shallow evolutionary time scale is largely unknown. We used genome skimming to assemble eight chloroplast genomes representing complete taxonomic sampling of Aphyllon sect. Aphyllon, a small clade within the Orobanchaceae that evolved approximately 6 Ma, long after the origin of holoparasitism. We show substantial plastome reduction occurred in the stem lineage, but subsequent change in plastome size, gene content, and structure has been relatively minimal, albeit detectable. This lends additional fine-grained support to existing models of stepwise plastome reduction in holoparasitic plants. Additionally, we report phylogenetic evidence based on an rbcL gene tree and assembled 60+ kb fragments of the Aphyllon epigalium mitochondrial genome indicating host-to-parasite horizontal gene transfers (hpHGT) of several genes originating from the plastome of an ancient Galium host into the mitochondrial genome of a recent common ancestor of A. epigalium Ecologically, this evidence of hpHGT suggests that the host-parasite associations between Galium and A. epigalium have been stable at least since its subspecies diverged hundreds of thousands of years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Schneider
- University and Jepson Herbaria, Berkeley, CA, USA .,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harold Chun
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Saša Stefanović
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce G Baldwin
- University and Jepson Herbaria, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Palynomorphological peculiarities of representatives of tribes Lindenbergiae and Cymbarieae and pollen evolution in early-branching lineages of Orobanchaceae. UKRAINIAN BOTANICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/ukrbotj75.02.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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