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Ishay Y, Rotnemer-Golinkin D, Ilan Y. The role of the sphingosine axis in immune regulation: A dichotomy in the anti-inflammatory effects between sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine kinase 2-dependent pathways. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211053274. [PMID: 34789044 PMCID: PMC8645305 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211053274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sphingosine kinase has been identified as playing a central role in the immune cascade, being a common mediator in the cellular response to a variety of signals. The different effects of sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SphK1 and SphK2, respectively) activity have not been completely characterized. Aim: To determine the different roles played by SphK1 and SphK2 in the regulation of immune-mediated disorders. Methods: Nine groups of mice were studied. Concanavalin A (ConA) injection was used to induce immune-mediated hepatitis. Mice were treated with SphK1 inhibitor (termed SphK-I) and SphK2 inhibitor (termed ABC294640), prior to ConA injection, and effects of treatment on liver enzymes, subsets of T lymphocytes, and serum levels of cytokines were observed. Results: While liver enzyme elevation was ameliorated by administration of SphK1 inhibitor, SphK2 inhibitor-treated mice did not show this tendency. A marked decrease in expression of CD25+ T-cells and Foxp+ T-cells was observed in mice treated with a high dose of SphK1 inhibitor. Alleviation of liver damage was associated with a statistically significant reduction of serum IFNγ levels in mice treated with SphK1 inhibitor and not in those treated with SphK2 inhibitor. Conclusions: Early administration of SphK1 inhibitor in a murine model of immune-mediated hepatitis alleviated liver damage and inflammation with a statistically significant reduction in IFN-γ levels. The data support a dichotomy in the anti-inflammatory effects of SphK1 and SphK2, and suggests that isoenzyme-directed therapies can improve the effect of targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ishay
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical
Center, Jerusalem Israel
| | | | - Yaron Ilan
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical
Center, Jerusalem Israel
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A synergistic effect of Ambroxol and Beta-Glucosylceramide in alleviating immune-mediated hepatitis: A novel immunomodulatory non-immunosuppressive formulation for treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Drori A, Rotnemer-Golinkin D, Avni S, Drori A, Danay O, Levanon D, Tam J, Zolotarev L, Ilan Y. Attenuating the rate of total body fat accumulation and alleviating liver damage by oral administration of vitamin D-enriched edible mushrooms in a diet-induced obesity murine model is mediated by an anti-inflammatory paradigm shift. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:130. [PMID: 29179679 PMCID: PMC5704499 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypovitaminosis D is associated with many features of the metabolic syndrome, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extracts exert a synergistic anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the present study is to determine the immunomodulatory effect of oral administration of vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extracts on high-fat diet (HFD) animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods C57BL/6 mice on HFD were orally administered with vitamin D supplement, Lentinula edodes (LE) mushrooms extract, or vitamin D-enriched mushrooms extract for 25 weeks. Mice were studied for the effect of the treatment on the immune system, liver functions and histology, insulin resistance and lipid profile. Results Treatment with vitamin D-enriched LE extracts was associated with significant attenuation of the rate of total body fat accumulation, along with a decrease in hepatic fat content as measured by an EchoMRI. Significant alleviation of liver damage manifested by a marked decrease in ALT, and AST serum levels (from 900 and 1021 U/L in the control group to 313 and 340; 294 and 292; and 366 and 321 U/L for ALT and AST, in Vit D, LE and LE + Vit D treated groups, respectively). A corresponding effect on hepatocyte ballooning were also noted. A significant decrease in serum triglycerides (from 103 to 75, 69 and 72 mg/dL), total cholesterol (from 267 to 160, 157 and 184 mg/dL), and LDL cholesterol (from 193 mg/dL to 133, 115 and 124 mg/dL) along with an increase in the HDL/LDL ratio, and improved glucose levels were documented. These beneficial effects were associated with a systemic immunomodulatory effect associated with an increased CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio (from 1.38 in the control group to 1.69, 1.71 and 1.63), and a pro- to an anti-inflammatory cytokine shift. Conclusions Oral administration of vitamin-D enriched mushrooms extracts exerts an immune modulatory hepato-protective effect in NASH model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drori
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - D Rotnemer-Golinkin
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - S Avni
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - A Drori
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Danay
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - D Levanon
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - J Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Zolotarev
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel
| | - Y Ilan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.B 12000, -91120, Jerusalem, IL, Israel.
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Drori A, Shabat Y, Ben Ya'acov A, Danay O, Levanon D, Zolotarov L, Ilan Y. Extracts from Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) Edible Mushrooms Enriched with Vitamin D Exert an Anti-Inflammatory Hepatoprotective Effect. J Med Food 2016; 19:383-9. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Drori
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yehudit Shabat
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ami Ben Ya'acov
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Danay
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmone, Israel
| | - Dan Levanon
- Migal, Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmone, Israel
| | - Lidya Zolotarov
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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