1
|
Yasen A, Tuxun T, Apaer S, Li W, Maimaitinijiati Y, Wang H, Aisan M, Aji T, Shao Y, Hao W. Fetal liver stem cell transplantation for liver diseases. Regen Med 2019; 14:703-714. [PMID: 31393226 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation exhibited a promising lifesaving therapy for various end-stage liver diseases and could serve as a salvaging bridge until curative methods can be performed. In past decades, mature hepatocytes, liver progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have been practiced in above settings. However, long-term survival rates and continuous proliferation ability of these cells in vivo are unsatisfactory, whereas, fetal liver stem cells (FLSCs), given their unique superiority, may be the best candidate for stem cell transplantation technique. Recent studies have revealed that FLSCs could be used as an attractive genetic therapy or regenerative treatments for inherited metabolic or other hepatic disorders. In this study, we reviewed current status and advancements of FLSCs-based treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimaiti Yasen
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Liver & Laparoscopic Surgery, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Tuerhongjiang Tuxun
- Department of Liver & Laparoscopic Surgery, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Shadike Apaer
- State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Liver & Laparoscopic Surgery, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Wending Li
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Liver & Laparoscopic Surgery, Digestive & Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yusufukadier Maimaitinijiati
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Meiheriayi Aisan
- Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Tuerganaili Aji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yingmei Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Wen Hao
- State Key Laboratory on Pathogenesis, Prevention & Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang Medical University, 393 Xin Yi Road, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Hydatid Disease, Digestive and Vascular Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hwang Y, Kim JC, Tae G. Significantly enhanced recovery of acute liver failure by liver targeted delivery of stem cells via heparin functionalization. Biomaterials 2019; 209:67-78. [PMID: 31026612 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) occurs by insufficient detoxification of toxic materials in the liver, generating excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy can be a promising approach for the treatment of liver diseases including ALF by anti-inflammatory activity and secretion of cytokines associated with tissue regeneration. However, the efficacy of MSC therapy is generally poor, mainly due to a low survival and engraftment of administered cells. In this study, we demonstrated that the enhanced delivery of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) to the damaged liver by the coating of lipid-conjugated heparin could result in significantly improved recovery from ALF in a mouse model. First, the therapeutic effect of secretomes of hADSCs on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatic cell damage was confirmed regardless of the coating of lipid-conjugated heparin on hADSCs in vitro. Then, the therapeutic effects of lipid-conjugated heparin coated hADSCs (Lip-Hep/hADSC group) were analyzed compared to hADSCs themselves (hADSC group) using an APAP-induced ALF model in vivo. Intravenous administration of hADSCs could lower the elevated serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), but Lip-Hep/hADSC group showed faster decrease in serum levels of AST and ALT to the normal values compared to hADSC group. Enhanced delivery and longer retention of hADSCs in the damage liver by the coating of lipid-conjugated heparin were confirmed by optical imaging of isolated organs using labeled cells and immunofluorescence staining of liver tissue sections against human nuclei. A significantly increased level of human hepatic growth factor (hHGF), a representative secretome from hADSC, significantly reduced levels of macrophage and CYP2E1, implying alleviated inflammatory response, were detected by immunofluorescence staining from Lip-Hep/hADSC group compared to hADSC group. These results well coincided with the improved recovery of the damaged liver from Lip-Hep/hADSC group than hADSC group in histological analysis. Thus, the coating of lipid-conjugated heparin on hADSCs has a great potential to improve the therapeutic effect of cells on the liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngmin Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Intrasplenic Transplantation of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4-Fas Ligand--Modified Hepatic Oval Cells for Acute Liver Injury in Rats. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:942-950. [PMID: 30979487 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrasplenic transplantation of xenogeneic hepatic oval cells (HOCs) may provide metabolic support for acute liver injury. However, xenoreactive lymphocyte-mediated immune response hinders HOCs' survival in the xeno-spleen parenchyma. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4-Fas ligand (CTLA4.FasL), a fusion product integrating 2 inhibitory elements against lymphocytes into 1 molecule, effectively inhibited the proliferation of allogeneic and autoimmune lymphocytes. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of CTLA4.FasL on the proliferation of xenoreactive lymphocytes and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CTLA4.FasL-modified HOC transplantation on acute liver injury in rats. METHODS The effect of CTLA4.FasL-modified mouse liver epithelial progenitor cells (CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs) on the proliferation of rat lymphocytes in xeno-mixed lymphocyte reaction was investigated. Furthermore, CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs were intrasplenically transplanted in carbon tetrachloride- and partial hepatectomy-treated rats, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase assays. The hepatocytic differentiation of CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs in xenogeneic spleen was monitored by immunohistochemical staining for albumin. RESULTS In xeno-mixed lymphocyte reaction, CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs substantially inhibited the rat lymphocytes proliferation. CTLA4.FasL-LEPC transplantation significantly ameliorated liver injury compared with mCherry-modified LEPC and LEPC transplantation, as assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase assays. Albumin positive cells appeared only in CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs group, but not in the mCherry-modified LEPCs group and LEPCs group. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate CTLA4.FasL-LEPCs substantially improved liver function and structure in carbon tetrachloride- and partial hepatectomy-induced acute liver injury rats through long-term hepatocytic differentiation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gu Y, Wei W, Cheng Y, Wan B, Ding X, Wang H, Zhang Y, Jin M. A pivotal role of BEX1 in liver progenitor cell expansion in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:164. [PMID: 29907129 PMCID: PMC6002993 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The activation and expansion of bipotent liver progenitor cells (LPCs) are indispensable for liver regeneration after severe or chronic liver injury. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating LPCs and LPC-mediated liver regeneration remain elusive. Methods Hepatic brain-expressed X-linked 1 (BEX1) expression was evaluated using microarray screening, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. LPC activation and liver injury were studied following a choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet in wild-type (WT) and Bex1−/− mice. Proliferation, apoptosis, colony formation and hepatic differentiation were examined in LPCs from WT and Bex1−/− mice. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma was detected in Bex1-deficient LPCs and mouse livers, and was silenced to analyse the expansion of LPCs from WT and Bex1−/− mice. Results Hepatic BEX1 expression was increased during CDE diet-induced liver injury and was highly elevated primarily in LPCs. Bex1−/− mice fed a CDE diet displayed impaired LPC expansion and liver regeneration. Bex1 deficiency inhibited LPC proliferation and enhanced LPC apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, Bex1 deficiency inhibited the colony formation of LPCs but had no effect on their hepatic differentiation. Mechanistically, BEX1 inhibited peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma to promote LPC expansion. Conclusion Our findings indicate that BEX1 plays a pivotal role in LPC activation and expansion during liver regeneration, potentially providing novel targets for liver regeneration and chronic liver disease therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0905-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Gu
- Pediatric Institute of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiting Wei
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yiji Cheng
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Bing Wan
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xinyuan Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yanyun Zhang
- Pediatric Institute of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Min Jin
- Pediatric Institute of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aging-associated oxidative stress inhibits liver progenitor cell activation in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1359-1374. [PMID: 28458256 PMCID: PMC5472737 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have discovered aging-associated changes of adult stem cells in various tissues and organs, which potentially contribute to the organismal aging. However, aging-associated changes of liver progenitor cells (LPCs) remain elusive. Employing young (2-month-old) and old (24-month-old) mice, we found diverse novel alterations in LPC activation during aging. LPCs in young mice could be activated and proliferate upon liver injury, whereas the counterparts in old mice failed to respond and proliferate, leading to the impaired liver regeneration. Surprisingly, isolated LPCs from young and old mice did not exhibit significant difference in their clonogenic and proliferative capacity. Later, we uncovered that the decreased activation and proliferation of LPCs were due to excessive reactive oxygen species produced by neutrophils infiltrated into niche, which was resulted from chemokine production from activated hepatic stellate cells during aging. This study demonstrates aging-associated changes in LPC activation and reveals critical roles for the stem cell niche, including neutrophils and hepatic stellate cells, in the negative regulation of LPCs during aging.
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
In recent years, hepatic oval cells (HOC) have gradually become a research hotspot, and their participation in the reconstruction of liver structure and function has been preliminarily confirmed. This provides a new direction for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of liver injury, hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver neoplasms and other liver diseases. This paper will discuss the relationship between hepatic oval cells and liver diseases.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou WL, Medine CN, Zhu L, Hay DC. Stem cell differentiation and human liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:2018-25. [PMID: 22563188 PMCID: PMC3342599 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stem cells are scalable cell populations capable of cellular differentiation. This makes them a very attractive in vitro cellular resource and in theory provides unlimited amounts of primary cells. Such an approach has the potential to improve our understanding of human biology and treating disease. In the future it may be possible to deploy novel stem cell-based approaches to treat human liver diseases. In recent years, efficient hepatic differentiation from human stem cells has been achieved by several research groups including our own. In this review we provide an overview of the field and discuss the future potential and limitations of stem cell technology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Zhong Y, Chen J. Model systems and clinical applications of hepatic stem cells for liver regeneration. Hepatol Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12072-011-9323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
9
|
Shi XJ, Xu HB, Ji WB, Liang YR, Duan WD, He L, Wang MJ, Zhao ZM. Efficacy of liver transplantation for acute hepatic failure: a single-center experience. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2011; 10:369-73. [PMID: 21813384 DOI: 10.1016/s1499-3872(11)60062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute hepatic failure (AHF) is a devastating clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. The outcome of AHF varies with etiology, but liver transplantation (LT) can significantly improve the prognosis and survival rate of such patients. This study aimed to detect the role of LT and artificial liver support systems (ALSS) for AHF patients and to analyze the etiology and outcome of patients with this disease. METHODS A retrospective analysis was made of 48 consecutive patients with AHF who fulfilled the Kings College Criteria for LT at our center. We analyzed and compared the etiology, outcome, prognosis, and survival rates of patients between the transplantation (LT) group and the non-transplantation (N-LT) group. RESULTS AHF was due to viral hepatitis in 25 patients (52.1%; hepatitis B virus in 22), drug or toxic reactions in 14 (29.2%; acetaminophen in 6), Wilson disease in 4 (8.3%), unknown reasons in 3 (6.3%), and miscellaneous conditions in 2 (4.2%). In the LT group, 36 patients (7 underwent living donor LT, and 29 cadaveric LT) had an average model for end-stage liver disease score (MELD) of 35.7. Twenty-eight patients survived with good graft function after a follow-up of 27.3+/-4.5 months. During the waiting time, 6 patients were treated with ALSS and 2 of them died during hospitalization. The 30-day, 12-month, and 18-month survival rates were 77.8%, 72.2%, and 66.7%, respectively. In the N-LT group, 12 patients had an average MELD score of 34.5. Four patients were treated with ALSS and all died during hospitalization. The 90-day and 1-year survival rates were only 16.7% and 8.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hepatitis is the most prominent cause of AHF at our center. Most patients with AHF, who fulfill the Kings College Criteria for LT, did not survive longer without LT. ALSS did not improve the prognosis of AHF patients, but may extend the waiting time for a donor. Currently, LT is still the most effective way to improve the prognosis of AHF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jie Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|