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Chan KS, Tay WX, Cheo FY, Shelat VG. Preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) + liver resection versus upfront liver resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma (≥5 cm): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Chir Belg 2023; 123:601-617. [PMID: 37681991 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2023.2256539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for majority of primary liver cancer. Use of preoperative neoadjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (PN-TACE) may result in tumor shrinkage and improve resectability. This study aims to summarize the outcomes of PN-TACE versus upfront liver resection (Up-LR) in large HCC (≥5 cm). METHODS PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched till September 2022 for studies comparing PN-TACE versus Up-LR. The primary study outcomes were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence. Our secondary outcomes were postoperative morbidity and mortality. RESULTS There were 12 studies with 15 data sets including 3960 patients (PN-TACE n = 2447, Up-LR n = 1513). Majority (89.5%, n = 1250/1397) of patients had Child's A liver cirrhosis. Incidence of Child's B cirrhosis was higher in PN-TACE compared to Up-LR (Odds ratio (OR) 1.69, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.41, p = 0.004). Pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS showed no significant difference between PN-TACE and Up-LR (HR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.18, p = 0.37), but DFS was superior in PN-TACE (HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.99, p = 0.04). Subgroup analysis based on study design failed to show any significant effect in randomized controlled trials (n = 2/15 data sets). However, operating time (mean difference (MD) 31.94 min, 95% CI: 2.42, 61.45, p = 0.03) and blood loss (MD 190.93 ml, 95% CI: 10.22, 317.65, p = 0.04) were higher in PN-TACE. Intrahepatic and extrahepatic recurrence, post-operative morbidity and in-hospital mortality were comparable between PN-TACE and Up-LR. CONCLUSION In retrospective studies, PN-TACE resulted in superior DFS compared to Up-LR. However, this may be confounded by selection bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Siang Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Xuan Tay
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Feng Yi Cheo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vishal G Shelat
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Villalba-López F, Sáenz-Mateos LF, Sánchez-Lorencio MI, De La Orden-García V, Alconchel-Gago F, Cascales-Campos PA, García-Bernardo C, Noguera-Velasco JA, Baroja-Mazo A, Ramírez-Romero P. Usefulness of PIVKA-II for monitoring after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5621. [PMID: 37024609 PMCID: PMC10079651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The high morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has encouraged the search for new biomarkers to be used alongside alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) and imaging tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical contribution of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC monitoring after liver transplantation (LT) and compare it with AFP, a routinely used tumour marker. A total of 46 HCC patients (Milan criteria) were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP were measured before and after transplantation. Clinical features were determined for all the patients that were included. Significant correlations were found between PIVKA-II expression levels and some clinicopathological features, such as tumour size and number of pre-transplant transarterial chemoembolizations (TACEs). Serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP decreased significantly after LT and increased in patients with tumour recurrence. Serum PIVKA-II levels may play an important role in predicting disease severity. Furthermore, monitoring PIVKA-II levels in HCC transplant recipients reflects the tumor early recurrence after transplantation and could be used, complementing AFP and imaging tests, as a novel biomarker of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Felipe Alconchel-Gago
- Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Pablo Ramírez-Romero
- Liver Transplant Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain
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Jiang Z, Dai C. Potential Treatment Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Sensitization to Sorafenib. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:257-266. [PMID: 36815094 PMCID: PMC9939808 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s396231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is highly malignant, has a low sensitivity to chemotherapy, and is associated with poor patient prognosis. The last 3 years have seen the emergence of promising targeted therapies for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For over 10 years, before the discovery of lenvatinib, sorafenib was only first-line therapeutic agent available for the treatment of advanced HCC. However, several clinical studies have shown that a considerable proportion liver cancer patients are insensitive to sorafenib. Very few patients actually substantially benefit from treatment with sorafenib, and the overall efficacy of the drug has not been satisfactory; therefore, sorafenib has attracted considerable research attention. This study, which is based on previous studies and reports, reviews the potential mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance and summarizes combination therapies and potential drugs that can be used to sensitize HCC cells to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoliu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Chaoliu Dai, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Pe J, Choi B, Choi H, Kwon SW, Kim DH. Preclinical Therapeutic Evaluation of Lenvatinib-Eluting Microspheres for Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2022; 45:1834-1841. [PMID: 35962212 PMCID: PMC10578029 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-022-03242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the preclinical in vivo therapeutic response of Lenvatinib-eluting microspheres (LEN-EM) transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (LEN-TACE) in an hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rat model. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible LEN-EM was fabricated with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and iron oxide nanoparticles by a double-emulsion method. The morphology, LEN loading/release kinetics, and MRI contrast effect of LEN-EM were evaluated. For in vivo study, N1S1 HCC rats were treated with LEN-TACE (LEN: 2.4 mg/kg, n = 5) using LEN-EM, systemic LEN (LEN: 0.4 mg/kg, oral gavage daily for 7 days, n = 5), control (intra-arterial (IA) saline infusion, n = 5), and non-tumor control (n = 3). Tumor size changes were measured for 2 weeks. Histology, comparative LEN plasma concentration, hematologic markers, liver profile, and serum chemistry among the groups were measured. RESULTS LEN-EM with 33 µm in average size was prepared in an optimized emulsion process. LEN loading efficiency was 58.7%. LEN was continuously released for 500 h. LEN-TACE showed the delivered LEN-EM surrounding tumor tissue in MRI-T2* images. The LEN-TACE group demonstrated a statistically significant larger tumor volume reduction compared to the other groups at 2 weeks post-procedure. Quantification data of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive cells confirmed increased cancer cell death in the LEN-TACE group compared to control groups. Additional histology, hematologic markers, and liver profiles showed minimal side effects of LEN-TACE. CONCLUSION LEN-TACE using IA delivery of LEN-EM demonstrated an effective therapeutic efficacy in an HCC rat animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Pe
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bongseo Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hyunjun Choi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Soon Woo Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Liu L, Zhuang J, Tan J, Liu T, Fan W, Zhang Y, Li J. Doxorubicin-Loaded UiO-66/Bi 2S 3 Nanocomposite-Enhanced Synergistic Transarterial Chemoembolization and Photothermal Therapy against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7579-7591. [PMID: 35129950 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first choice for patients with intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but clinical applications still face some problems, such as the difficulties in clearing all cancer cells and lack of targeting, which would damage normal liver cells. Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) and nanodelivery systems have been used to improve the efficacy of TACE. However, most of these strategies achieve only a single function, and the synthesis process is complicated. Here, a simple one-step solvothermal method was used to develop multifunctional nanoparticles (UiO-66/Bi2S3@DOX), which can simultaneously achieve photothermal effects and low pH-triggered DOX release. UiO-66/Bi2S3 exhibited a pH-responsive release behavior and an excellent photothermal effect in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies. Biocompatibility was confirmed by cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility evaluations. The rat N1S1 liver tumor model was established to investigate the therapeutic effect and biosafety of the nanoplatforms using TACE. The results revealed that the combination of TACE and PTT resulted in remarkable tumor growth inhibition, and the histopathological assay further revealed extensive necrosis, downregulated angiogenesis, increased apoptosis, and proliferation in the tumor response. These results demonstrated that this nanosystem platform was a promising therapeutic agent for enhancing TACE therapy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Liu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jialang Zhuang
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jizhou Tan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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Butcher DA, Brandis KJ, Wang H, Spannenburg L, Bridle KR, Crawford DH, Liang X. Long-term survival and postoperative complications of pre-liver transplantation transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 48:621-631. [PMID: 34774394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this meta-analysis was to conduct a contemporary systematic review of high quality non-randomised controlled trials to determine the effect of pre-liver transplantation (LT) transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) on long-term survival and complications of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. BACKGROUND TACE is used as a neoadjuvant therapy to mitigate waitlist drop-out for patients with HCC awaiting LT. Previous studies have conflicting conclusions on the effect of TACE on long-term survival and complications of HCC patients undergoing LT. METHODS CINAHL, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Baseline characteristics included number of patients outside Milan criteria, tumour diameter, MELD score, and time on the waiting list. Primary outcomes included 3- and 5-year overall and disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes included tumour recurrence, 30-day postoperative mortality, and hepatic artery and biliary complications. RESULTS Twenty-one high-quality NRCTs representing 8242 patients were included. Tumour diameter was significantly larger in TACE patients (3.49 cm vs 3.15 cm, P = 0.02) and time on the waiting list was significantly longer in TACE patients (4.87 months vs 3.46 months, P = 0.05), while MELD score was significantly higher in non-TACE patients (10.81 vs 12.35, P = 0.005). All primary and secondary outcomes displayed non-significant differences. CONCLUSION Patients treated with TACE had similar survival and postoperative outcomes to non-TACE patients, however, they had worse prognostic features compared to non-TACE patients. These findings strongly support the current US and European clinical practice guidelines that neoadjuvant TACE can be used for patients with longer expected waiting list times (specifically >6 months). Randomised controlled trials would be needed to increase the quality of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Butcher
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kelli J Brandis
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Haolu Wang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Liam Spannenburg
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kim R Bridle
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Darrell Hg Crawford
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Li M, Liao L, Tian W. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Apoptotic Cells: An Essential Link Between Death and Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573511. [PMID: 33134295 PMCID: PMC7561711 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a universal and continuous event during tissue development, restoration, repair, and regeneration. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that apoptosis is essential for the activation of tissue regeneration. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. A striking development in recent years comes from research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from apoptotic cells. During apoptosis, cells secrete vesicles of various sizes containing various components. Apoptotic cell-derived EVs (ApoEVs) have been found to transit to neighboring cells or cells in distant tissues through the circulation. These vesicles could act as containers to transmit the nucleic acid, protein, and lipid signals to target cells. ApoEVs have been shown to promote regeneration in the cardiovascular system, skin, bone, muscle, kidney, etc. Moreover, several specific signaling pathways mediating the anabolic effects of ApoEVs have been classified. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the latest findings on the function of ApoEVs in tissue regeneration and disease prevention. These findings may reveal unexpected clues regarding the regulatory network between cell death and tissue regeneration and suggest novel targets for regenerative medicine. The findings discussed here also raise the question whether and to what extent ApoEVs contribute to embryonic development. This question is all the more urgent because the exact functions of apoptotic events during numerous developmental processes are still largely unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojiao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cho S, Min NG, Park W, Kim SH, Kim DH. Janus Microcarriers for Magnetic Field-controlled Combination Chemotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma †. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1901384. [PMID: 38957778 PMCID: PMC11219019 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201901384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy administering multiple chemo-agents is widely exploited for the treatment of various cancers in the clinic. Specially for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common malignancies, a co-administration of combinational cytostatic multi-kinase inhibitors and cytotoxic chemo-agents has been suggested as a potential curative approach. Here, Janus microcarriers were developed for the controlled local combination chemotherapy of HCC. The Janus microcarriers are composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) compartment and magnetic nanoparticles-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) compartment which contain hydrophobic regorafenib and hydrophilic doxorubicin, respectively. Exploiting the magnetic anisotropy, rotational motion of the Janus microcarriers is controlled with magnetic field, which enables the active co-release of dual chemo-agents. Furthermore, Janus microcarriers exhibit magnetic resonance (MR) contrast effect, supporting the successful transcatheter intra-arterial delivery of the combination chemo-agents loaded the microcarriers to the targeted tumor. This Janus microcarriers potentially serve as a general combinational chemo-therapeutic platform for the co-delivery of various combinations of multi-chemo-agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojeong Cho
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Nam Gi Min
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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Xu W, Fang S, Cui X, Guan R, Wang Y, Shi F, Hu S. Signaling pathway underlying splenocytes activation by polysaccharides from Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz. Mol Immunol 2019; 111:19-26. [PMID: 30952011 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous study demonstrated that total polysaccharides isolated from Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz. (RAMPtp) were effective to eliminate intramammary infection in cows. The present study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of RAMPtp in mouse splenocytes. Splenocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity, productions of NO and cytokines, transcription factor activity as well as the signal pathways and receptor were examined. The results showed that RAMPtp significantly promoted splenocyte proliferation and made the cells enter S and G2/M phases, increased ratios of T/B cells, boosted NK cytotoxicity, enhanced transcriptional activities of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1), and stimulated secretions of NO, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and multiple cytokine families (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, G-CSF, GM-CSF, KC, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES and Eotaxin). In addition, all the specific inhibitors against the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB significantly suppressed the IL-6 production induced by RAMPtp. Moreover, splenocytes from Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficient mouse responded equally to RAMPtp stimulation as the wild-type. Therefore, RAMPtp might induce splenocytes activation at least in part via the TLR4-independent MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. The present results would be useful to further understand the immunomodulatory mechanisms of RAMPtp in elimination of intramammary infection in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Sijia Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Ran Guan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Fushan Shi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Xu W, Guan R, Shi F, Du A, Hu S. Structural analysis and immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharide from Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz. on bovine lymphocytes. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:1213-1223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Xu M, Doyle MM, Banan B, Vachharajani N, Wang X, Saad N, Fowler K, Brunt EM, Lin Y, Chapman WC. Neoadjuvant Locoregional Therapy and Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation. J Am Coll Surg 2017; 225:28-40. [PMID: 28400300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant locoregional therapies (LRTs) have been widely used to reduce tumor burden or to downstage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We examined the impact of LRT response on HCC recurrence after OLT. STUDY DESIGN We performed a retrospective study of 384 patients with HCC treated by OLT. Tumor necrosis was determined by pathologic evaluation. The vascular and lymphatic vessels were localized by immunofluorescence staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue; expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 and VEGFR-3 were analyzed by Western blot. Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF-C levels of a consecutive cohort of 171 HCC patients were detected by ELISA. RESULTS Of the 384 patients with HCC, 268 had undergone pretransplantation neoadjuvant LRTs. Patients with no tumor necrosis (n = 58; 5.2% recurrence) or complete tumor necrosis (n = 70; 6.1% recurrence) had significantly lower 5-year recurrence rates than those with partial tumor necrosis (n = 140; 22.6% recurrence; p < 0.001). Lymphatic metastases were significantly more numerous in patients with partial tumor necrosis than in those without tumor necrosis after OLT (p < 0.001). With immunofluorescence staining of peritumor zone, lymphatics were visualized around partially necrotic tumors, but not around tumors without necrosis. Plasma levels of VEGF-A and VEGF-C were elevated significantly in patients with evidence of tumor necrosis (n = 102) compared with those without necrosis (n = 69; p < 0.001). By Western blot, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression in the peritumoral tissue associated with partially necrotic tumors was significantly higher than in peritumoral tissue of non-necrosis tumors (n = 3/group, p < 0.020 and p < 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Locoregional therapy-induced or spontaneous partially necrotic HCC was associated with increased risk of lymphatic metastases compared with tumors with no or complete tumor necrosis. Anti-lymphangiogenic agents with neoadjuvant LRTs can decrease the pattern of lymphatic metastasis after OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Mb Majella Doyle
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Babak Banan
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Neeta Vachharajani
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Xuanchuan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Nael Saad
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Kathryn Fowler
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Elizabeth M Brunt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Yiing Lin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - William C Chapman
- Department of Surgery, Section of Abdominal Transplantation, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.
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Chen CS, Li FK, Guo CY, Xiao JC, Hu HT, Cheng HT, Zheng L, Zong DW, Ma JL, Jiang L, Li HL. Tumor vascularity and lipiodol deposition as early radiological markers for predicting risk of disease progression in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7241-52. [PMID: 26769845 PMCID: PMC4872782 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the factors impacting overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). HCC patients were grouped based on tumor vascularity and lipidiol deposition after TACE. Tumor vascularity was classified based on contrast enhancement on arterial phase baseline CT scans. Lipiodol deposition was evaluated using CT scans. The progression-free rate was significantly higher in patients with good blood supply + good lipiodol deposition compared to those with good blood supply + poor lipiodol deposition. In patients with poor lipidiol deposition, risk of death was significantly positively correlated with stage, and negatively correlated with number of TACE procedures and degree of lipidiol deposition after the first TACE. Risk of disease progression in these patients was positively correlated with tumor size, and negatively correlated with number of TACE procedures and degree of lipidiol deposition after the first TACE. Our data showed that tumor vascularity and lipiodol deposition can be used as early radiological markers to identify patients who do not respond to TACE, and who can be considered earlier for alternative combination treatment strategies. Our data also indicated that poor lipiodol retention may predict a poor TTP and OS despite the blood supply status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Shi Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Fang-Kun Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Chen-Yang Guo
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hong-Tao Hu
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hong-Tao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Deng-Wei Zong
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Jun-Li Ma
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Hai-Liang Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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Liu K, Min XL, Peng J, Yang K, Yang L, Zhang XM. The Changes of HIF-1α and VEGF Expression After TACE in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8:297-302. [PMID: 26985249 PMCID: PMC4780492 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2496w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common malignant tumor, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high prevalence and is a serious threat to human health. The surgical resection rate of HCC is low, and the prognosis is poor. Although transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the main treatment for HCC patients who are not candidates for surgical resection, it is not considered a curative procedure. For HCC, poor TACE efficacy or TACE failure may be related to tumor angiogenesis of the residual disease. Among the many regulatory factors in tumor angiogenesis, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play vital roles in this process. In this paper, we conducted a review of the dynamic change and relevance of HIF-1α and VEGF levels after TACE of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Department of Pain Management, Xianyang Hospital, Yan'an University, Xianyang, Shanxi 712000, China; Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Xu-Li Min
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
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Toydemir T, Kanter M, Erboga M, Oguz S, Erenoglu C. Antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and proliferative effect of curcumin on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:162-72. [PMID: 23299190 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712469658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of curcumin on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. A total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated (SH), PH, and PH + curcumin; each group contains eight animals. The rats in curcumin-treated groups were given curcumin (in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally for 7 days, starting 3 days prior to hepatectomy operation. At 7 days after resection, liver samples were collected. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated in liver homogenates. Moreover, histopathological examination, mitotic index (MI), proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling, proliferation index (PI), transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine, 5'-triphosphate nick end-labeling assay, and apoptotic index (AI) were evaluated at 7 days after hepatectomy. As a result, curcumin significantly increased MI and PI and significantly decreased AI in PH rats. Additionally, curcumin remarkably inhibited MDA elevation, restored impaired antioxidant SOD activity and GSH level and also attenuated hepatic vacuolar degeneration and sinusoidal congestion. These results suggested that curcumin treatment had a beneficial effect on liver regenerative capacity of the remnant liver tissue after hepatectomy, probably due to its antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and proliferative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toygar Toydemir
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Serhat Oguz
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Erenoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Omyła-Staszewska J, Deptała A. Effective therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma - on the basis of a clinical case. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2012; 16:60-3. [PMID: 23788857 PMCID: PMC3687383 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2012.27339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of patients suffering from primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unfavourable because the tumour usually develops in cirrhosis-affected liver and is typically not diagnosed until an advanced stage of the disease. The 5-year survival rate for HCC patients in Europe does not exceed 9%. On the basis of a clinical case, the present article discusses the strategy of treatment of HCC patients. Patients with advanced HCC, stage C according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, typically receive systemic chemotherapy with sorafenib. The standard management in the treatment of intermediate-stage HCC, i.e. BCLC's stage B, is chemoembolization (TACE). However, repeated TACE sessions activate factors involved in the process of angiogenesis such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can render the procedure ineffective. Therefore, there are scientific foundations for combining TACE with antiangiogenic agents such as sorafenib. Results of studies conducted to date indicate that the combination of sorafenib with TACE in patients with BCLC's stage B brings tangible therapeutic effects while being safe. The value of this therapeutic strategy is confirmed by the case described below, in which TACE + sorafenib have induced a partial regression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Omyła-Staszewska
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Deptała
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
- Cancer Prevention Unit, Warsaw Medical University, Poland
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Wang Y, Zheng C, Liang B, Zhao H, Qian J, Liang H, Feng G. Hepatocellular necrosis, apoptosis, and proliferation after transcatheter arterial embolization or chemoembolization in a standardized rabbit model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011; 22:1606-12. [PMID: 21959058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization versus transcatheter arterial embolization on hepatocellular damage, apoptosis, proliferation, and proinflammatory response in a rabbit VX2 tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rabbits implanted with VX2 tumors in left liver lobes were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (n = 9) that underwent infusion of distilled water into the left hepatic artery, an embolization group (n = 15) that underwent left hepatic artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, and a chemoembolization group (n = 15) that underwent left hepatic artery infusion of a mixture of 10-hydroxycamptothecin and iodized oil followed by PVA embolization. Serum and liver samples were collected at 6 hours, 3 days, and 7 days postoperatively. Liver damage was measured by liver function tests and histologic analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling were performed to quantify proliferating and apoptotic cells. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were measured to assess proinflammatory response. RESULTS Compared with embolization, chemoembolization caused liver injury with a greater increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels on days 3 and 7; histologic analysis showed increased hepatic necrosis in adjacent liver tissue beginning at day 3 and increased serum levels of TNF-α at 6 hours. By contrast, chemoembolization resulted in a slower increase in hepatocyte proliferation. Additionally, increased apoptotic hepatocytes were observed after embolization and chemoembolization. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to embolization, nonsuperselective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization increased hepatocellular damage and stimulated systemic proinflammatory cytokine release, but inhibited hepatocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jie-fang Rd., Wuhan 430022, China
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Abstract
Most metazoans have at least some ability to regenerate damaged cells and tissues, although the regenerative capacity varies depending on the species, organ, or developmental stage. Cell replacement and regeneration occur in two contexts: renewal of spent cells during tissue homeostasis (homeostatic growth), and in response to external injury, wounding, or amputation (epimorphic regeneration). Model organisms that display remarkable regenerative capacity include amphibians, planarians, Hydra, and the vertebrate liver. In addition, several mammalian organs--including the skin, gut, kidney, muscle, and even the human nervous system--have some ability to replace spent or damaged cells. Although the regenerative response is complex, it typically involves the induction of new cell proliferation through formation of a blastema, followed by cell specification, differentiation, and patterning. Stem cells and undifferentiated progenitor cells play an important role in both tissue homeostasis and tissue regeneration. Stem cells are typically quiescent or passing slowly through the cell cycle in adult tissues, but they can be activated in response to cell loss and wounding. A series of studies, mostly performed in Drosophila as well as in Hydra, Xenopus, and mouse, has revealed an unexpected role of apoptotic caspases in the production of mitogenic signals that stimulate the proliferation of stem and progenitor cells to aid in tissue regeneration. This Review summarizes some of the key findings and discusses links to stem cell biology and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bergmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
Medical therapies have entered center stage in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) little more than a year after the positive results of a large phase III trial of sorafenib showed a clear survival benefit with sorafenib, a targeted agent, in this setting. Even though this marks a breakthrough in the treatment of HCC, the narrow patient profile necessary for the study to be successful has generated a number of questions regarding the efficacy of this approach in other clinical settings. New studies aiming to define the role of sorafenib from in the adjuvant setting, through patients with more advanced liver disease, all the way to combination treatments of HCC have been initiated. The success of one targeted drug has stimulated enormously the efforts of competitors to develop additional and better drugs, either in a first-line or a second-line setting. These are exciting times for the treatment of HCC, both for physicians and patients. In the years to come we will see an extension of treatment options in different clinical situations in patients with HCC, and survival will be improved in many stages of the disease, except for the most advanced. The rapid increase in knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of HCC will lead to a more tailored approach to treatment depending on the molecular characteristics of the tumor and the disease stage.
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Li Z, Chu Q, Xiao M, Shen YQ, Song JM, Zhang JH, Hu DY. Quantitative preoperative assessment of vascular involvement in pancreatic carcinoma by multi-detector row computer tomography. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:726-731. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i7.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of multi-detector row computer tomography (MDCT) in the preoperative quantitative assessment of vascular involvement of pancreatic carcinoma.
METHODS: MDCT was performed on 42 pancreatic carcinoma patients; the celiac trunk and portal vein were reconstructed and their branches to three-dimension vessel were analyzed by volume rendering (VR) technique, multiplanar volume reconstruction (MPVR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP) technique. Combining the source images, the scope and extent of the vessel invaded in the portal vein celiac trunk, and inferior vena cava and their branches were evaluated and measured. Compared the CT scans results with operations and pathological sections, the diagnosis value of MDCT for pancreatic carcinoma was evaluated.
RESULTS: In the 42 pancreatic carcinoma patients with operation, 252 vessels were evaluated, 77 of which were invaded by carcinoma. Celiac trunks were invaded in 12 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.6% and 96.6%, respectively. Superior mesenteric arteries were invaded in 13 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.7%, respectively. Hepatic arteries were invaded in 9 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.2% and 100%, respectively. Portal veins were invaded in 16 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 92.6%, respectively. Inferior vena cava was invaded in 6 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 92.6%, respectively. Superior mesenteric veins were invaded in 21 patients, and the sensitivity and specificity were 90% and 86.7%, respectively. In the aspect of thrombosis, MDCT scan results were consistent with the surgical findings. Only one vessel of superior mesenteric artery and vein was not correctly measured in length by MDCT. When the length between invaded vessel and vessel branches was measured, only one patient's MDCT result was consistent with the surgical result on superior mesenteric artery.
CONCLUSION: MDCT can delineate the vascular involvement of pancreatic carcinoma with high accuracy, measure the invaded vessel correctly and provide valuable information for the preoperative assessment of pancreatic carcinoma.
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Jeong SY, Park SY, Kim YH, Kim M, Lee SJ. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction of Bacillus vallismortis BIT-33 metabolites on colon cancer carcinoma cells. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 104:796-807. [PMID: 18005350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this research was to isolate and identify a cytotoxic marine bacterium, BIT-33, and to investigate the apoptosis effects of its metabolite on colon cancer cells. METHOD AND RESULTS We isolated 93 marine bacteria from seawater samples. Of these, strain BIT-33 exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity on three colon cancer cells (HT-29, SW480 and HCT116). Biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing of this strain allowed us to identify BIT-33 as a strain of Bacillus vallismortis. The cytotoxic compound from B. vallismortis BIT-33 was purified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Direct cytotoxic effect of the compound was measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay. The compound induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells, as indicated by DNA fragmentation of agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometric analysis (sub-G(1) method) and annexin V staining. CONCLUSION The cytotoxic compound from B. vallismortis BIT-33 was purified, and the compound showed direct cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Taken together, our results suggest that the compound from B. vallismortis BIT-33 could be a candidate for the development of apoptosis-specific anti-tumour agents. This study indicated that marine bacteria could be an important source of cytotoxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Jeong
- Korea Bio-IT Foundry Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Akcan A, Kucuk C, Ok E, Canoz O, Muhtaroglu S, Yilmaz N, Yilmaz Z. The Effect of Amrinone on Liver Regeneration in Experimental Hepatic Resection Model1. J Surg Res 2006; 130:66-72. [PMID: 16154150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Revised: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 07/17/2005] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs) have been proposed to improve hepatic reperfusion injury and hepatosplanchnic circulation, but the effects of these agents on liver regeneration have not been investigated thoroughly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of amrinone, a PDEI, on liver regeneration in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty rats were divided into two groups, control and amrinone. Each group was then divided into three groups (n=10). An infusion of amrinone to the study group and of 0.9% NaCl to the control group was performed. Seventy percent liver resection was performed to the rats during the first hour of infusion. The infusion was maintained for 17 h after resection. A total of 18 h infusion was performed. Rats were allowed to survive for 24, 48, and 72 h, and then they were sacrificed. Biochemical, morphological, hematological, and histopathologic measurements and assessments were performed. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences between the amrinone and control groups in alkaline phosphatase and relative liver weights at 24, 48, and 72 h (P<0.05). There also were statistically significant differences between the groups in AST, bilirubin, and albumine levels at 24 h, ALT and prothrombine time levels at 48 h, and aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels at 72 h (P<0.05). Hepatic ATP levels, mitotic index, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index were significantly higher in amrinone group compared with control group at all three time intervals (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Amrinone improves both morphological and functional liver regeneration after liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Akcan
- Department of Surgery, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Ogata A, Mitsui S, Yanagie H, Kasano H, Hisa T, Yamase T, Eriguchi M. A novel anti-tumor agent, polyoxomolybdate induces apoptotic cell death in AsPC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59:240-4. [PMID: 15908170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2004.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2004] [Accepted: 11/26/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumoral polyoxomolybdates have been investigated in the course of study of the medical application of polyoxometalates as discrete cluster anions of metal oxides. [NH(3)Pr(i)](6)[Mo(7)O(24)].3H(2)O (PM-8) has been recognized as one of significantly anti-tumoral polyoxomolybdates. PM-8 inhibited the cell growth of human pancreatic cells (AsPC-1) depending on the dose. DNA ladder formation and DNA fragmentation were observed by Hoechst and TUNEL staining and flowcytometry analysis. The ratio of apoptotic cells were 29%, 35%, and 57% with treatment of PM-8 after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively, which suggested that the anti-tumor activity of PM-8 results from the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Polyoxomolybdates provide promising, novel anti-tumor agent, especially for the treatment of cancers that are difficult to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ogata
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-21, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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