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Liangpunsakul S, Haber P, McCaughan G. Alcoholic Liver Disease in Asia, Europe, and North America. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:1786-97. [PMID: 26924091 PMCID: PMC4887319 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver diseases comprise a spectrum of clinical disorders and changes in liver tissue that can be detected by pathology analysis. These range from steatosis to more severe signs and symptoms of liver disease associated with inflammation, such as those observed in patients with alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Although the relationship between alcohol consumption and liver disease is well established, severe alcohol-related morbidities develop in only a minority of people who consume alcohol in excess. Inter-individual differences in susceptibility to the toxic effects of alcohol have been studied extensively-they include pattern of alcohol consumption, sex, environmental factors (such as diet), and genetic factors, which vary widely among different parts of the world. Alcoholic liver disease is becoming more common in many parts of Asia, but is decreasing in Western Europe. Treatment approaches, including availability of medications, models of care, and approach to transplantation, differ among regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Moghadampour M, Eskandari-Nasab E, Shabani F. Relationship between CD14-159C/T gene polymorphism and acute brucellosis risk. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:247-51. [PMID: 26972395 PMCID: PMC7104939 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association between the cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14)-159C/T (rs2569190) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to acute brucellosis in an Iranian population. Methods The study included 153 Iranian patients with active brucellosis and 128 healthy individuals as the control group. Genotyping of the CD14 variant was performed using an amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction method. Results The prevalence of CD14-159 TT and CT genotypes were associated with increased risk of brucellosis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.993, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.07–3.71, P = 0.03 for CT; OR = 3.869, 95% CI = 1.91–7.84, P = 0.01 for TT genotype. Additionally, the minor allele (T) was significantly more frequently present in brucellosis patients than in controls (61% vs. 45%, respectively), and was a risk factor for brucellosis (OR = 3.058, 95% CI = 1.507–6.315, P = 0.01). Conclusions The findings provided suggestive evidence of association of the CD14-159C/T gene polymorphism with susceptibility to acute brucellosis in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moghadampour
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eskandari-Nasab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Genetic of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Shabani
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran
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Yuan X, Wang H. Lack of association between CD14-159 C/T polymorphism and acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:4134-4139. [PMID: 26064321 PMCID: PMC4443155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The CD14-159 C/T polymorphism has been implicated in susceptibility to acute pancreatitis (AP), but the results were inconclusive. The present meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation between CD14-159 C/T polymorphism and AP risk. All eligible case-control studies published up to November 10th, 2014 were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and WanFang databases. Two reviewers independently identified the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 and Stata 12.0 software. A total of five studies comprising 1211 cases and 932 controls were included. Overall, no significant association between CD14-159 C/T polymorphism and AP risk was found under all four genetic models [CT + TT vs CC: OR = 1.09, 95% CI (0.91, 1.31); TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.04, 95% CI (0.83, 1.29); CT vs CC: OR = 1.08, 95% CI (0.89, 1.32); TT vs CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI (0.88, 1.49)]; In stratification analysis by disease severity, we also failed to detect any association between CD14-159C/T polymorphism and the risk of mild AP (MAP) or severe AP (SAP); In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, similar results were observed in Asian and European populations. This meta-analysis suggested that the CD14-159C/T polymorphism is not associated with the susceptibility of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
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Association between CD14 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100122. [PMID: 24978812 PMCID: PMC4076245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two polymorphisms, -260C/T and -651C/T, in the CD14 gene have been implicated in susceptibility to cancer. However, the results remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between the two polymorphisms and risk of cancer. Methods All eligible case-control studies published up to March 2014 were identified by searching PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang database. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to access the strength of this association in fixed- or random-effects model. Results 17 case-control studies from fourteen articles were included. Of those, there were 17 studies (4198 cases and 4194 controls) for -260C/T polymorphism and three studies (832 cases and 1190 controls) for -651C/T polymorphism. Overall, no significant associations between the two polymorphisms of CD14 gene and cancer risk were found. When stratified by ethnicity, cancer type and source of control, similar results were observed among them. In addition, in further subgroups analysis by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status and tumor location in gastric cancer subgroup, we found that the CD14 -260C/T polymorphism may increase the risk of gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected individuals. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that the CD14 -260C/T polymorphism may increase the risk of gastric cancer in H. pylori-infected individuals. However, large and well-designed studies are warranted to validate our findings.
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Association between CD14-159C>T polymorphisms and the risk for alcoholic liver disease: a meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 25:1183-9. [PMID: 23587862 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0b013e3283612ff1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The association between CD14-159C>T polymorphisms and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) risk has been investigated in many studies, but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between the CD14-159C>T polymorphisms and the risk for ALD. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify the relevant studies from PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Embase. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using either the fixed-effects model or random-effects model on the basis of the heterogeneity test. RESULTS A total of eight eligible studies were included in the meta-analyses. The combined results showed no significant association between CD14-159C>T polymorphisms and ALD risk when ALD patients were compared with alcoholics without ALD (T vs. C, OR=1.22, 95% CI 0.84-1.77; TT/TC vs. CC, OR=1.43, 95% CI 0.86-2.37) and when ALD patients were compared with nonalcoholics (T vs. C, OR=1.13, 95% CI 0.90-1.43; TT/TC vs. CC, OR=1.05, 95% CI 0.76-1.46). However, a significant association was observed in the heterozygous comparison (TC vs. CC, OR=3.47, 95% CI 1.93-6.22), whereas a marginal association was observed in the dominant model (TT/CT vs. CC, OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.00-5.91) when alcoholic cirrhosis patients were compared with alcoholics without ALD. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that the CD14-159C>T polymorphism may not be significantly associated with the risk for ALD. Although a significant association was observed between the -159C>T polymorphism and the risk for alcoholic cirrhosis, well-designed studies with large sample sizes are warranted to confirm these results.
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Areeshi MY, Mandal RK, Panda AK, Bisht SC, Haque S. CD14 -159 C>T gene polymorphism with increased risk of tuberculosis: evidence from a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64747. [PMID: 23741383 PMCID: PMC3669331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) gene is an important component of the human innate immune system and its role in tuberculosis (TB) has been sparsely documented. The enhanced plasma CD14 levels in TB patients as compared to healthy controls are associated with CD14 gene promoter (C-159T) polymorphism. In the past few years, the relationship between CD14 -159 C>T (rs2569190) polymorphism and risk of TB has been reported in various ethnic populations; however, those studies have yielded contradictory results. In this study systemic assessment was done for the published studies based on the association between CD14 -159 C>T polymorphism and TB risk retrieved from PubMed (Medline) and EMBASE search. A total number of 1389 TB cases and 1421 controls were included in this study and meta-analysis was performed to elucidate the association between CD14 -159 C>T polymorphism and its susceptibility towards TB. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for allele contrast, homozygous comparison, heterozygous comparison, dominant and recessive genetic model. It was found that T allele carrier was significantly associated with increased TB risk (T vs. C: p-value = 0.023; OR = 1.305, 95% CI = 1.038 to 1.640). Similarly, homozygous mutant TT genotype also revealed 1.6 fold increased risk of TB (TT vs. CC; p-value = 0.040; OR = 1.652, 95% CI = 1.023 to 2.667). Additionally, dominant genetic model demonstrated increased risk of developing TB (TT vs. CC+CT: p-value = 0.006; OR = 1.585, 95% CI = 1.142 to 2.201). The study demonstrates that CD14 gene (-159 C>T) polymorphism contributes increased susceptibility for TB. Moreover, this meta-analysis also suggests for future larger studies with stratified case control population and biological characterization for validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- MY. Areeshi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K. Mandal
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya K. Panda
- Department of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shekhar C. Bisht
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemwati Nanadan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India
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-651C/T promoter polymorphism in the CD14 gene is associated with severity of acute pancreatitis in Japan. J Gastroenterol 2010; 45:225-33. [PMID: 19997857 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to clarify the association of the promoter variants in the CD14 gene with pancreatic diseases in Japan. METHODS Three hundred forty-six unrelated patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) (107 with severe and 239 with mild), 263 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), 264 patients with pancreatic neoplasm, and 319 healthy controls were genotyped for the single nucleotide polymorphisms at positions -260 and -651 from the AUG start codon in the CD14 gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction enzyme digestion. RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of the -260C/T and -651C/T polymorphisms did not differ between controls and patients with AP. In subgroup analyses, patients with severe AP had more -651C allele than controls [P = 0.005; odds ratio (OR) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18-2.49] or patients with mild AP (P = 0.001; OR 1.95; 95% CI = 1.33-2.85). Genotype -651CC was more common (P = 0.001 vs. controls and P = 0.001 vs. mild AP), and -651CT was less (P = 0.009 vs. controls and P = 0.007 vs. mild AP) in patients with severe AP than in healthy controls or patients with mild AP. The frequencies of pseudocyst development and requirement of surgery were higher in AP patients with -651CC than in those without this genotype. The -260C/T polymorphism was not associated with the severity of AP. The allele and genotype frequencies of both polymorphisms did not differ between controls and patients with CP or pancreatic neoplasm. CONCLUSION -651C/T promoter polymorphism in the CD14 gene was associated with severity of AP in Japan.
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Functional significance of CD14 promoter polymorphisms and their clinical relevance in a Chinese Han population*. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:2274-80. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e318180b1ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genotype assessment has been suggested to be a tool for predicting disease severity in acute pancreatitis (AP). To study this hypothesis, we performed genotype analysis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -308 A/G, CD14 -159C/T, and HSPA1B +1267 A/G polymorphisms. METHODS This is a case-control association study of 397 patients with AP (214 of whom had an alcohol-induced AP) and 300 controls. The control group comprised 218 subjects with detailed data of alcohol consumption, 70 of whom were heavy drinkers (daily alcohol intake >40 g), and 92 blood donors. The severity of AP was determined according to the Atlanta classification. Genotyping was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry-assisted genotyping method. RESULTS Major allele frequency in TNF gene was 0.87 for patients with AP and 0.86 for controls. For CD14, the gene major allele frequency was 0.60 for patients and 0.63 for controls. For HSPA1B, the major allele frequencies were 0.52 for patients and 0.49 for controls, respectively. The allele frequencies did not differ significantly between AP patients with organ failure and those with mild disease, patients with alcohol-induced AP, or those with biliary AP. The patients with septic infectious complications (n = 47) had genotype distribution no different from those with mild, uncomplicated disease (n = 245). CONCLUSIONS The TNF, CD14, and HSPA1B polymorphisms studied seem not to play a role in determining the severity of AP or the risk of alcohol-induced AP and thus do not serve as a tool for predicting disease severity.
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Von Hahn T, Halangk J, Witt H, Neumann K, Müller T, Puhl G, Neuhaus P, Nickel R, Beuers U, Wiedenmann B, Berg T. Relevance of endotoxin receptor CD14 and TLR4 gene variants in chronic liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2008; 43:584-92. [PMID: 18415752 DOI: 10.1080/00365520701806065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered release of inflammatory cytokines from Kupffer cells is mediated via the CD14/TLR4 receptor complex. This inflammatory pathway can be influenced by alterations in genes encoding for LPS receptor components. Thus, a -260 C>T transition in the CD14 promoter is thought to result in enhanced CD14 expression thereby increasing the LPS responsiveness in chronic liver diseases, whereas a D299G exchange in the TLR4 gene has the opposite effect. Our objective was to analyze these two variations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study comprised 1712 patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies and 385 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out by melting curve analysis with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes in the LightCycler. RESULTS Genotype frequencies of CD14 -260C>T and TLR4 D299G did not significantly differ between patients and controls (CD14 TT 21.6% versus 21.8%; TLR4 DG or GG 9.7% versus 10.4%). We found no significant correlation of these alterations with disease course either in the groups of patients with alcoholic liver disease or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or among patients requiring liver transplantation. A significantly higher frequency of the CD14 -260TT genotype was observed (36.6% versus 21.8% in healthy controls, p=0.036) only in a small subgroup of patients (n=41) with mild cryptogenic chronic liver disease. CONCLUSIONS Variants within these LPS receptor genes were equally distributed among patients with chronic liver diseases of different etiologies and obviously do not confer an increased risk for the severity of these chronic liver processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Von Hahn
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Hepatologie und Gastroenterologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Germany
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Papachristou GI, Clermont G, Sharma A, Yadav D, Whitcomb DC. Risk and markers of severe acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2007; 36:277-96, viii. [PMID: 17533079 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis begins with pancreatic injury, elicits an acute inflammatory response, and encompasses a variety of potential complications in a subset of patients. Early determination of severity and risk of complications is crucial for instituting immediate interventions to improve outcome. The severity of acute pancreatitis is a function of the amount of pancreas that is injured and the intensity of the inflammatory response. Early death is mainly linked to an overwhelming inflammatory response leading to cardiovascular collapse or acute respiratory distress syndrome, whereas late death is associated with infected pancreatic necrosis and sepsis. This article reviews recent advancements in understanding the pathogenesis, immunology, and genetics of severe acute pancreatitis, and the literature on laboratory-based markers, which predict a severe clinical course and pancreatic necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios I Papachristou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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