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Yang Y, Hua Y, Zheng H, Jia R, Ye Z, Su G, Gu Y, Zhan K, Tang K, Qi S, Wu H, Qin S, Huang S. Biomarkers prediction and immune landscape in ulcerative colitis: Findings based on bioinformatics and machine learning. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107778. [PMID: 38070204 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) presents diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. The primary objective of this study is to identify efficacious biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment, as well as acquire a deeper understanding of the immuneological characteristics associated with the disease. METHODS Datasets relating to UC were obtained from GEO database. Among these, three datasets were merged to create a metadata for bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. Additionally, one dataset specifically utilized for external validation. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random forest (RF) were employed to screen signature genes. The artificial neural network (ANN) model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the diagnostic performance of signature genes. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to reveal the immune landscape. Finally, the relationship between the signature genes, immune infiltration, and clinical characteristics was investigated through correlation analysis. RESULT By intersecting the result of LASSO, RF and WGCNA, 8 signature genes were identified, including S100A8, IL-1B, CXCL1, TCN1, MMP10, GREM1, DUOX2 and SLC6A14. The biological progress of this gene mostly encompasses acute inflammatory response, aggregation and chemotaxis of leukocyte, and response to lipopolysaccharide by mediating IL-17 signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Immune infiltration analysis shows 25 immune cells are significantly elevated in UC samples. Moreover, these signature genes exhibit a strong correlation with various immune cells and a mild to moderate correlation with the Mayo score. CONCLUSION S100A8, IL-1B, CXCL1, TCN1, MMP10, GREM1, DUOX2 and SLC6A14 have been identified as credible potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and therapy of UC. The immune response mediated by these signature biomarkers plays a crucial role in the occurrence and advancement of UC by means of the reciprocal interaction between the signature biomarkers and immune-infiltrated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Yang
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Yiwei Hua
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Rui Jia
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhining Ye
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Guifang Su
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Yueming Gu
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Kai Zhan
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Kairui Tang
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Shuhao Qi
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Haomeng Wu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shumin Qin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Shaogang Huang
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523000, China; The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, China; Yang Chunbo academic experience inheritance studio of Guangdong provincial hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Sayed AM, Abdel-Fattah MM, Arab HH, Mohamed WR, Hassanein EHM. Targeting inflammation and redox aberrations by perindopril attenuates methotrexate-induced intestinal injury in rats: Role of TLR4/NF-κB and c-Fos/c-Jun pro-inflammatory pathways and PPAR-γ/SIRT1 cytoprotective signals. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 351:109732. [PMID: 34737150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The use of methotrexate (MTX), a classical immunosuppressant and anti-cancer agent, is associated with multiple organ toxicities, including the intestinal injury. Components of the renin-angiotensin system are expressed in the intestinal epithelium and mucosal immune cells where they provoke pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant action. The present study was conducted to investigate the potential ability of perindopril (PER), an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), to attenuate MTX-induced intestinal injury with emphasis on the role of the pro-inflammatory TLR4/NF-κB and c-Fos/c-Jun pathways alongside PPAR-γ and SIRT1 cytoprotective signals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The intestinal injury was induced by a single-dose injection of 20 mg/kg of MTX i.p at the end of the 5th day. PER was administrated once daily in a dose of 1 mg/kg, i.p, for five days before MTX and five days later. RESULTS Herein, perindopril attenuated the intestinal injury as seen by lowering the histopathological aberrations and preserving the goblet cells in villi/crypts. These beneficial actions were associated with downregulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory angiotensin II, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines, alongside upregulating the anti-inflammatory angiotensin (1-7) and IL-10. At the molecular level, perindopril downregulated the TLR4/NF-κB and c-Fos/c-Jun pathways in inflamed intestine of rats. Moreover, it attenuated the pro-oxidant events by lowering intestinal MDA and boosting GSH, SOD, and GST antioxidants together with PPAR-γ and SIRT1 cytoprotective signals. The aforementioned findings were also highlighted using molecular docking and network pharmacology analysis. CONCLUSIONS Perindopril demonstrated notable mitigation of MTX-induced intestinal injury through suppression of TLR4/NF-κB and c-Fos/c-Jun pathways alongside the augmentation of PPAR-γ/SIRT1 cytoprotective signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71515, Egypt
| | - Maha M Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
| | - Hany H Arab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
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Mohamed YT, Naguib IA, Abo-Saif AA, Mohamed WR. Protective effects of perindopril against indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal damage through modulation of DDAH-1/ADMA and ACE-2/ANG-(1-7) signaling pathways. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2509-2518. [PMID: 34384315 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1962672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Indomethacin is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; however, its clinical utility is accompanied by serious adverse reactions including peptic ulcers. The current study aims to investigate the protective potential of perindopril against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats. Perindopril (4 mg/kg) was administered orally for 7 days and indomethacin (60 mg/kg, single oral dose) was administered on the 7th day, 1 h after perindopril administration. Pantoprazole was used as a standard agent. Ulcer index (UI), preventive index ratio (PI), histopathological examination, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers were investigated. Perindopril significantly decreased UI while increased PI and counteracted histopathological aberrations induced by indomethacin. It alleviated indomethacin-induced oxidative stress by lowering NO while increasing GSH content and superoxide dismutase activity. Perindopril significantly downregulated TNF-α and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), while significantly upregulated COX-2, PGE-2, dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1), ANG-(1-7), and ACE-2 expression. Together, these findings suggest the gastroprotective effects of perindopril through modulation of DDAH-1/ADMA and ACE-2/ANG-(1-7) signaling.HIGHLIGHTSPerindopril attenuated gastric histopathological damage.It increased GSH content and SOD activity while decreased NO content.It modulated gastric ADMA and DDAH-1 activity.It reduced TNF-α, while increased COX-2 and PGE-2 expression.It upregulated ACE-2 activity and ANG-(1-7) protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin T Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Gliclazide attenuates acetic acid-induced colitis via the modulation of PPARγ, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 391:114919. [PMID: 32045587 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative Colitis is a universal autoimmune disease with high incidence rates worldwide. It is characterized by the existence of many other concurrent immune-associated ailments, including diabetes. The used strategies for the management of this highly costing and complicated disease face great challenges. Therefore, the urge for new medication with fewer side effects and high efficacy is growing. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and nuclear factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) can be considered as crucial targets for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Several studies reported the antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions of gliclazide and evaluated its cardioprotective and renoprotective effects. However, its impact on ulcerative colitis has never been investigated. This study delineated the effect of gliclazide administration on ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid in rats and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Gliclazide (10 mg/kg; p.o) prominently decreased colon tissue injury as assessed by the histopathological analysis as well as myeloperoxidase, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels. Gliclazide significantly alleviated the proinflammatory mediator, IL-6, promoted the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 and, withheld oxidative stress in the injured colon tissues. The protective effect of gliclazide was mediated through the upregulation of PPARγ and downregulation of NF-κB expression. The diminution of ulcerative colitis was also accompanied by an inhibition of the elevated activity and expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase-3 as assessed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Our findings spotlight, for the first time, the potential of the antidiabetic agent, gliclazide, to attenuate the experimentally induced ulcerative colitis. Therefore, gliclazide might be a propitious agent for the management of ulcerative colitis in diabetic patients.
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Treatment with Molgramostim (Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, Rhugm-Csf, Mielogen) and Lenograstim (Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor) Improves Experimental Colitis in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8298192. [PMID: 31687401 PMCID: PMC6803744 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8298192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim Treatment with growth factors could be beneficial in both inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF), and Recombinant Human (rHu) Granulocyte Stimulating Factor (GSF) in experimental colitis in rats. Methods Experimental colitis was induced in 62 male Wistar rats, divided into 9 groups, using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS). Group 1: Ten rats with colitis without treatment (control group). Euthanasia after 15 days. Group 2: Ten animals with colitis without treatment (control group). Euthanasia after 30 days. Group 3: Six animals with colitis. Immediate treatment with CSF. Euthanasia after 19 days. Group 4: Six animals with colitis. Treatment started 7 days after the induction of colitis. Animals were kept for 19 days. Group 5: Six animals with colitis. Treatment started 2 weeks after the induction of colitis. Group 6: Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 3. Treatment with GSF. Group 7: Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 4. Treatment with GSF. Group 8 Six animals with colitis, the same as in group 5. Treatment with GSF. Group 9: Six animals with colitis. Immediate treatment with prednisolone. Euthanasia after 15 days. Results CSF and GSF administration significantly improved the histological score (P < 0.05) and reduced malondialdehyde contents (P < 0.05), compared to control groups in all animals. CSF was superior to GSF and to prednisolone. Conclusion Administration of both CSF and GSF could significantly improve the histological score and oxidative stress in experimental colitis in rats.
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Prophylactic effect of Kudingcha polyphenols on oxazolone induced colitis through its antioxidant capacities. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Yang K, Yin J, Sheng B, Wang Q, Han B, Pu A, Yu M, Sun L, Xiao W, Yang H. AhR‑E2F1‑KGFR signaling is involved in KGF‑induced intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3019-3026. [PMID: 28339052 PMCID: PMC5428199 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) stimulates intestinal epithelial cell proliferation upon binding to the KGF receptor (KGFR). The activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) serves an important role in the development of tissues by promoting the expression of AhR receptors, which can regulate cell proliferation. In the present study, the signaling pathway between AhR and KGFR in investigated with regards to KGF-induced intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Male C57BL/6J wild type and AhR−/− mice, were randomized into four groups: Control, KGF, AhR−/− + KGF and AhR−/− (n=6 per group). The small bowel was harvested on day 5 post-treatment. LoVo cells were used to study signaling pathways in vitro and were divided into the following four treatment groups: DMSO, KGF, KGF + small-interfering (si)AhR and siAhR. In vivo, knockdown of AhR mRNA transcripts may abolish KGF-induced intestinal epithelial cell proliferation. Furthermore, KGFR expression was downregulated following knockdown or silencing of AhR expression in vivo and in vitro. The present study identified that the transcription factor E2F1 could regulate KGFR expression, and that siAhR treatment led to reduced expression of E2F1 in the nucleus and inhibited KGF-induced cell proliferation. In conclusion, the current results demonstrated that the AhR-E2F1-KGFR pathway is involved in KGF-induced intestinal epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunqiu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jiuheng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Baifa Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Qimeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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El-Gowelli HM, Saad EI, Abdel-Galil AGA, Ibrahim ER. Co-administration of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravates colon ulceration of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via facilitation of NO/COX-2/miR-210 cascade. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:300-12. [PMID: 26276312 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine demonstrated significant protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. We proposed that α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine co-administration might modulate their individual effects. Induction of ulcerative colitis in rats was performed by intra-rectal acetic acid (5% v/v) administration for 3 consecutive days. Effects of individual or combined used of α-lipoic acid (35 mg/kg ip) or cyclosporine (5mg/kg sc) for 6 days starting 2 days prior to acetic acid were assessed. Acetic acid caused colon ulceration, bloody diarrhea and weight loss. Histologically, there was mucosal atrophy and inflammatory cells infiltration in submucosa, associated with depletion of colon reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and elevated colon malondialdehyde, serum C-reactive protein (C-RP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Colon gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and miR-210 was also elevated. These devastating effects of acetic acid were abolished upon concurrent administration of α-lipoic acid. Alternatively, cyclosporine caused partial protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis. Cyclosporine did not restore colon reduced glutathione, catalase activity, serum C-RP or TNF-α. Unexpectedly, co-administration of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravated colon ulceration. Concomitant use of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine significantly increased nitric oxide production, cyclooxygenase-2 and miR-210 gene expression compared to all other studied groups. The current findings suggest that facilitation of nitric oxide/cyclooxygenase-2/miR-210 cascade constitutes, at least partially, the cellular mechanism by which concurrent use of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravates colon damage. Collectively, the present work highlights the probable risk of using α-lipoic acid/cyclosporine combination in ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M El-Gowelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Evan I Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | | | - Einas R Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Farghaly HSM, Thabit RH. L-arginine and aminoguanidine reduce colonic damage of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: potential modulation of nuclear factor-κB/p65. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 41:769-79. [PMID: 25224370 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a key inducer of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential protective effect of l-arginine (Arg; nitric oxide precursor) and aminoguanidine (inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) against acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in rats, and the potential role of NF-κB. Colitis was induced by intrarectal inoculation of rats with 4% acetic acid for three consecutive days. The effect of Arg and aminoguanidine on nitric oxide levels was assessed by Greiss assay and protein expression of NF-κB/p65, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was also investigated by immunohistochemistry. Slides were examined using ImageJ, and results reported as the percent area positive for each marker. Intrarectal AA caused a significant increase in bodyweight loss and colon weights. Arg at 100 mg/day for 7 days before induction of colitis diminished the changes in both bodyweight loss and colon weights. Furthermore, Arg attenuated the colonic tissues macroscopic and microscopic damage induced by acetic acid. In addition, i.p. AG 100 mg/kg given during and after induction of colitis recovered the colonic ulcerative lesion induced by AA. Arg can protect against colonic inflammation; an effect that probably be attributed to its nitric oxide-donating property, resulting in modulatory effects on the expression of NF-κB/p65 in the colon tissues. The results suggested that Arg might reduce the inflammation associated with colitis as confirmed by histopathological investigations. Arg might inhibit AA-induced colitis through the NF-κB/nitric oxide pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S M Farghaly
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Laboratory, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
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Finch PW, Mark Cross LJ, McAuley DF, Farrell CL. Palifermin for the protection and regeneration of epithelial tissues following injury: new findings in basic research and pre-clinical models. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 17:1065-87. [PMID: 24151975 PMCID: PMC4118166 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a paracrine-acting epithelial mitogen produced by cells of mesenchymal origin, that plays an important role in protecting and repairing epithelial tissues. Pre-clinical data initially demonstrated that a recombinant truncated KGF (palifermin) could reduce gastrointestinal injury and mortality resulting from a variety of toxic exposures. Furthermore, the use of palifermin in patients with hematological malignancies reduced the incidence and duration of severe oral mucositis experienced after intensive chemoradiotherapy. Based upon these findings, as well as the observation that KGF receptors are expressed in many, if not all, epithelial tissues, pre-clinical studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of palifermin in protecting different epithelial tissues from toxic injury in an attempt to model various clinical situations in which it might prove to be of benefit in limiting tissue damage. In this article, we review these studies to provide the pre-clinical background for clinical trials that are described in the accompanying article and the rationale for additional clinical applications of palifermin.
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Glutamate microinjection into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus attenuates ulcerative colitis in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:185-94. [PMID: 24362327 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of glutamate microinjection into hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats and to explore the relevant mechanisms. METHODS 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (100 mg/kg in 50% ethanol) was instilled into the colon of adult male SD rats to induce UC. A colonic damage score (CDS) was used to indicate the severity of the colonic mucosal damage. The pathological changes in the colonic mucosa were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, biochemical analyses or ELISA. Ten minutes before UC induction, drugs were microinjected into the relevant nuclei in rat brain to produce chemical stimulation or chemical lesion. RESULTS Microinjection of glutamate (3, 6 and 12 μg) into the PVN dose-dependently decreased the CDS in UC rats. This protective effect was eliminated after kainic acid (0.3 μg) was microinjected into PVN or into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) that caused chemical lesion of these nuclei. This protective effect was also prevented when the AVP-V1 receptor antagonist DPVDAV (200 ng) was microinjected into the NTS. The discharge frequency of the vagus was markedly decreased following microinjection of glutamate into the PVN. Microinjection of glutamate into the PVN in UC rats significantly increased the cell proliferation and anti-oxidant levels, and decreased the apoptosis and Bax and caspase 3 expression levels and reduced the pro-inflammatory factors in the colonic mucosa. CONCLUSION The activation of hypothalamic PVN exerts protective effects against UC, which is mediated by the NTS and vagus. The effects may be achieved via anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory factors.
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Rowland KJ, Choi PM, Warner BW. The role of growth factors in intestinal regeneration and repair in necrotizing enterocolitis. Semin Pediatr Surg 2013; 22:101-11. [PMID: 23611614 PMCID: PMC3635039 DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease resulting in major neonatal morbidity and mortality. The pathology is poorly understood, and the means of preventing and treating NEC are limited. Several endogenous growth factors have been identified as having important roles in intestinal growth as well as aiding intestinal repair from injury or inflammation. In this review, we will discuss several growth factors as mediators of intestinal regeneration and repair as well as potential therapeutic agents for NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brad W. Warner
- Correspondence: Brad W. Warner, M.D. St. Louis Children's Hospital One Children's Place; Suite 5S40 St. Louis MO 63110 (314) 454-6022 - Phone (314) 454-2442 – Fax
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2012; 24:770-9. [PMID: 23146873 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e32835af8de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li X, Yang X, Cai Y, Qin H, Wang L, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Yan S, Wang L, Zhao X, Li W, Li S, Chen J, Wu Y. Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seeds Modulate the NF-κB Signal Transduction Pathways in Rats with TNBS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis. Molecules 2011; 16:6721-31. [PMID: 25134774 PMCID: PMC6264455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16086721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds (GSPE), we explore whether GSPE regulates the inflammatory response of TNBS-induced colitis in rats at the levels of NF-κB signal transduction pathway. Rats were intragastrically administered of different doses of GSPE (100, 200 and 400 mg·kg−1) per day for seven days after ulcerative colitis (UC) was induced by intracolonic injection of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) dissolved in 50% ethanol. Sulfasalazine (SASP) at 400 mg/kg was used as a positive control drug. The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phospho-I kappaB-alpha (pIκBα), inhibitor kappa B kinase (IκK) in the colon tissues were all measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Treatment with GSPE reduced the expression of NF-κB, pIκBα and IκK in the colon. The results of this study show that GSPE exerts beneficial effects in inflammatory bowel disease by inhibition of NF-κB signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaolai Yang
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongqing Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwestern Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanhui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuai Yan
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wan Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sijia Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Department of College of Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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